ubantu下自定义mysql服务器

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#MySQL #Socket #Oracle #Linux #Unix

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本文详细介绍了如何在一台服务器上安装配置多个MySQL实例的过程，包括创建用户、初始化数据库、配置my.cnf文件、修改启动脚本及使用不同端口和socket确保各实例独立运行的方法。

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直接解压mysql-server后，

1、创建mysql用户

[root@my-desktop]# groupadd mysql ( 第一次安装时添加 mysql 组 )

[root@my-desktop]# useradd mysql –g mysql ( 第一次安装时把 mysql 用户添加到 mysql 组 )

[root@my-desktop]# chown -R root .
[root@my-desktop]# chown -R mysql data(一定要赋权，否则无法启动)
[root@my-desktop]# chgrp -R mysql .
2、初始化数据库

[root@my-desktop]# scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/data/ -u mysql
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

3、修改my.cnf

[root@my-desktop]# cp /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/share/mysql/my-small.cnf /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/my.cnf

修改

socket = /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/data/mysql.sock（原来为 /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock ）

basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307
datadir =/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/data

4、修改mysqld_multi.server和mysql_server

1) /usr/local/usr/local/ mysql5.5.10_3307/share/mysql/ /share/mysql/ mysqld_multi.server 修改文件中的对应项

basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307

bindir=/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/bin

2) /usr/local/ mysql5.5.10_3307/share/mysql/mysql.server 文件中的对应项

conf=/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/mysql.cnf （原来为 /etc/mysql.cnf ）

cp /usr/local/ mysql5.5.10_3307/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql3307

5、启动mysql3307

/etc/init.d/mysql3307 start

[root@my-desktop]# mysql -u root -P 3307

mysql> \s;
--------------
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.10, for Linux (i686) using readline 5.1

Connection id:        1
Current database:
Current user:        root@localhost
SSL:            Not in use
Current pager:        stdout
Using outfile:        ''
Using delimiter:    ;

Server version:       5.5.10 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version:   10
Connection:       Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:   latin1
Db     characterset:   latin1
Client characterset:   utf8
Conn. characterset:   utf8

UNIX socket:       /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
//UNIX socket:       /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/data/mysql.sock
Uptime:           1 min 5 sec

Threads: 1 Questions: 4 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 35 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 4 Queries per second avg: 0.61
--------------
发现还是连接的 /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock ，如果这样的话，会跟直接部署的mysql产生冲突

随后利用mysqld启动

[root@my-desktop]# /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/sbin/mysqld -u mysql --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/my.cnf'
110524 16:14:47 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
110524 16:14:47 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
110524 16:14:47 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use InnoDB's own implementation
110524 16:14:47 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
110524 16:14:47 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
110524 16:14:47 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
110524 16:14:47 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
110524 16:14:47 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.
110524 16:14:47 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start
110524 16:14:48 InnoDB: 1.1.5 started; log sequence number 1595675
110524 16:14:48 [ERROR] /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/sbin/mysqld: unknown variable 'defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/my.cnf'
110524 16:14:48 [ERROR] Aborting

110524 16:14:48 InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
110524 16:14:49 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1595675
110524 16:14:49 [Note] /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

看日志输出显示未知defaults-file参数，但是利用mysqld --verbose --help 查看是有这个参数的

换个参数，直接利用socket启动成功

[root@my-desktop]# /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/sbin/mysqld -u mysql -P 3307 --socket='/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/data/mysql.sock'
110524 16:20:22 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
110524 16:20:22 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
110524 16:20:22 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use InnoDB's own implementation
110524 16:20:22 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
110524 16:20:22 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
110524 16:20:22 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
110524 16:20:22 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
110524 16:20:22 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.
110524 16:20:22 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start
110524 16:20:23 InnoDB: 1.1.5 started; log sequence number 1595675
110524 16:20:23 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
110524 16:20:23 [Note] /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.5.10' socket: '/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/data/mysql.sock' port: 3307 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

用mysqld_safe启动
[root@my-desktop]# /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/my.cnf
110524 16:22:39 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/data/vieri-desktop.err'.
110524 16:22:39 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/data

确定3307端口是否运行
[root@my-desktop]# netstat -an |grep 3307
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3307 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 14567 /usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/data/mysql.sock

用客戶端登录

[root@my-desktop]# mysql -u root -P 3307 --socket='/usr/local/mysql5.5.10_3307/data/mysql.sock'
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.10 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

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