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源代码下载:HelloWorld示例.rar
在《浅谈基于Mozilla ThunderBird的扩展开发》这篇入门文章中简单介绍了基于Mozllia平台进行扩展开发的基础知识,但仍然欠缺最为重要的一种武器---没错,XPCOM!这篇文章就是为它准备的。
XPCOM是什么?
这个问题不多做解释了,相信XPCOM对于了解COM技术的人来说很快就可以上手开发了,下列是Mozilla官方给出的一些XPCOM知识的入门资源:
- Creating XPCOM Components written by Doug Turner and Ian Oeschger that introduces XPCOM and illustrates how to create XPCOM components for Gecko-based applications.
- An introduction to XPCOM on IBM's website by Rick Parrish.
- Presentation: Introduction To XPCOM, Alec Flett (Feb 4, 2002)
- Presentation: The XPCOM Library, Alec Flett (Feb 11, 2002)
- Standalone XPCOM : Document on building xpcom standalone.
个人尤其推荐IBM developerworks上那5篇文章。
使用已有的XPCOM
XPCOM的使用十分简单,Mozilla平台已经为我们提供了许多功能强大的XPCOM组件了,如果你需要某方面功能的组件,请先看看Mozilla平台下是不是已经有对应的了,别再“自己造轮子了“。
关于这方面也不打算再多说了,有兴趣的朋友可以阅读IBM developerworks下面这篇文章,《实战 Firefox 扩展开发》,相信通过这样一个图片批量下载工具的开发,就会对于Mozilla平台下已有的XPCOM组件的使用有所了解的。
So,what's next?
没错,自己如何开发XPCOM组件并在扩展中使用。网上对于这方面的资料不是很多,而且没有特别完整的示例,这就是我写这篇文章的目的所在,通过一个简单的XPCOM组件的开发全过程,展示XPCOM组件的内部细节。
项目目标:
组件要实现的功能非常简单,就只提供一个做加法的接口供客户调用。
long Add(in long a, in long b);
然后在扩展中调用这个加法接口。
准备工作
0,按照《浅谈基于Mozilla ThunderBird的扩展开发》这篇文章建立起开发扩展的基本环境。
1、下载Gecko SDK
http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/mozilla/releases/mozilla1.8b1/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1.zip ,我们需要使用它来对IDL定义进行解释。
2、创建GUID
使用微软的的guidgen 生成GUID,例如b7b04070-45fc -4635- b219<chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="7" unitname="a"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-US">-</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-US">7a</span></chmetcnv><chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="172" unitname="F"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-US">172f</span></chmetcnv>806bee
4,从C:/mozilla-build/moztools-180compat/bin下拷贝libIDL-0.6.dll,glib-1.2.dll到/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1/gecko-sdk/bin下,否则运行xpidl会报错.
开发XPCOM组件
1,创建接口文件定义









2、使用Gecko SDK 的xpidl.exe
进入xpidl所在目录,在CMD中输入命令



如果上面执行有问题的话,可以将

加入到环境变量的PATH里面去。
如果上述命令执行通过,在/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1/gecko-sdk/bin就会得到IMyComponent.h,IMyComponent.xpt 这2个文件。
2、创建新文件
根据IMyComponent.h创建文件MyComponent.h,MyComponent.cpp,MyComponentModule.cpp。














































































编译XPCOM组件
1、创建工程
使用VC2005,创建新的DLL工程,将IMyComponent.h, MyComponent.h,MyComponent.cpp,MyComponentModule.cpp添加到工程中。
2、工程配置







3、编译生成MyComponent.dll。
在扩展中使用XPCOM组件
对《浅谈基于Mozilla ThunderBird的扩展开发》中的helloworld项目进行修改,加入一个文件夹components和一个安装文件install.js。
关于这两个东西具体的含义这里就不多做介绍了,简单点说,intall.js就是把XPCOM组件注册到Mozilla平台中去,就类似于Windows的注册表一样,从而可以使用组件。
1)Install.js的内容:

























































































2)在Componts文件夹中加入MyComponent.dll和IMyComponent.xpt
3)修改overlay.js如下:









































好了,到此就完成了这个最简单的XPCOM组件的开发了,enjoy it!
Reference
2, http://enigmail.mozdev.org/home/index.php
需要完整代码的,请发email至 phinecos@163.com,也欢迎有兴趣的朋友们一起来交流Mozilla的扩展开发技术