#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <time.h>
#define ISspace(x) isspace((int)(x))
#define SERVER_STRING “Server: jdbhttpd/0.2.0\r\n”
// 函数声明
void* accept_request(void *);
void bad_request(int);
void cat(int, FILE *);
void
cannot_execute(int);
void error_die(const char *);
void execute_
cgi(int, const char *, const char *, const char *);
int get_line(int, char *, int);
void headers(int, const char *, const char *);
void not_found(int);
void serve_file(int, const char *);
int startup(unsigned short *);
void unimplemented(int);
void forbidden(int);
void serve_
directory(int, const char *);
void url_decode(char *, const char *);
const char *get_mime_type(const char *);
void log_request(const char *, const char *, int);
void set_socket_timeout(int, int);
//
/ 处理客户端请求 /
//
void* accept_request(void *pclient)
{
int client = (int)pclient;
free(pclient);
set_socket_timeout(client, 2); char buf[65536]; int numchars; char method[255]; char url[255]; char path[1024]; // 增加路径长度 char decoded_url[1024]; // 存储解码后的URL size_t i, j; struct stat st; int
cgi = 0; char *query_string = NULL; // 获取请求的第一行 numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); i = 0; j = 0; while (!ISspace(buf[j]) && (i < sizeof(method) - 1)) { method[i] = buf[j]; i++; j++; } method[i] = '\0'; // 只支持GET和POST方法 if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") && strcasecmp(method, "POST")) { unimplemented(client); return NULL; } // POST请求启用
CGI /*if (strcasecmp(method, "POST")
== 0)
cgi = 1; */ // 读取URL i = 0; while (ISspace(buf[j]) && (j < sizeof(buf))) j++; while (!ISspace(buf[j]) && (i < sizeof(url) - 1) && (j < sizeof(buf))) { url[i] = buf[j]; i++; j++; } url[i] = '\0'; // URL解码 url_decode(decoded_url, url); // 记录请求日志 log_request(method, decoded_url, client); // 处理GET请求 if (strcasecmp(method, "GET")
== 0) { query_string = decoded_url; while ((*query_string != '?') && (*query_string != '\0')) query_string++; if (*query_string
== '?') {
cgi = 1; *query_string = '\0'; query_string++; } } // 构建文件路径（使用当前目录） sprintf(path, "web%s", decoded_url); // 防止路径遍历攻击 if (strstr(path, "..")) { forbidden(client); close(client); return NULL; } // 处理目录请求 if (path[strlen(path) - 1]
== '/') strcat(path, "Index.html"); // 检查文件/目录是否存在 if (stat(path, &st)
== -1) { // 检查是否存在.html扩展名文件 char alt_path[1024]; sprintf(alt_path, "%s.html", path); if (stat(alt_path, &st)
== 0) { strcpy(path, alt_path); } else { while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); not_found(client); close(client); return NULL; } } // 如果是目录 if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT)
== S_IFDIR) { // 检查目录中是否有index.html char index_path[1024]; sprintf(index_path, "%s/Index.html", path); if (stat(index_path, &st)
== 0) { strcpy(path, index_path); } else { // 显示目录列表 serve_
directory(client, path); close(client); return NULL; } } // 检查执行权限 if ((st.st_mode & S_IXUSR) || (st.st_mode & S_IXGRP) || (st.st_mode & S_IXOTH))
cgi = 1; // 处理静态文件或
CGI if (!
cgi) serve_file(client, path); else execute_
cgi(client, path, method, query_string); close(client); return NULL;
}
//
/ URL解码 /
//
void url_decode(char *dest, const char *src) {
char *p = dest;
while (*src) {
if (*src
== ‘%’) {
if (src[1] && src[2]) {
char hex[3] = {src[1], src[2], ‘\0’};
*p++ = (char)strtol(hex, NULL, 16);
src += 3;
} else {
*p++ = *src++;
}
} else if (*src
== ‘+’) {
*p++ = ’ ';
src++;
} else {
*p++ = *src++;
}
}
*p = ‘\0’;
}
//
/ 获取MIME类型 /
//
const char *get_mime_type(const char *filename) {
const char *dot = strrchr(filename, ‘.’);
if (!dot) return “text/plain”;
if (strcasecmp(dot, ".html")
== 0 || strcasecmp(dot, ".htm")
== 0) return "text/html"; if (strcasecmp(dot, ".css")
== 0) return "text/css"; if (strcasecmp(dot, ".js")
== 0) return "application/javascript"; if (strcasecmp(dot, ".jpg")
== 0 || strcasecmp(dot, ".jpeg")
== 0) return "image/jpeg"; if (strcasecmp(dot, ".png")
== 0) return "image/png"; if (strcasecmp(dot, ".gif")
== 0) return "image/gif"; if (strcasecmp(dot, ".json")
== 0) return "application/json"; if (strcasecmp(dot, ".ico")
== 0) return "image/x-icon"; return "text/plain";
}
//
/ 记录请求日志 /
//
void log_request(const char *method, const char *url, int client) {
time_t now = time(NULL);
struct tm *tm = localtime(&now);
char timestamp[64];
strftime(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), “%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”, tm);
struct sockaddr_in addr; socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr); getpeername(client, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &addr_len); char *ip = inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr); printf("[%s] %s %s %s\n", timestamp, ip, method, url);
}
//
/ 处理目录列表 /
//
void serve_
directory(int client, const char *path) {
char buf[4096];
// 发送HTTP头 sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); // 发送HTML头部 sprintf(buf, "<html><head><title>Index of %s</title></head>", path); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<body><h1>Index of %s</h1><ul>", path); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); // 打开目录 DIR *dir = opendir(path); if (dir) { struct dirent *ent; while ((ent = readdir(dir)) != NULL) { // 跳过隐藏文件 if (ent->d_name[0]
== '.') continue; char full_path[1024]; sprintf(full_path, "%s/%s", path, ent->d_name); struct stat st; stat(full_path, &st); char size_buf[32]; if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) { strcpy(size_buf, "[DIR]"); } else { if (st.st_size < 1024) { sprintf(size_buf, "%ld B", st.st_size); } else if (st.st_size < 1024 * 1024) { sprintf(size_buf, "%.1f KB", st.st_size / 1024.0); } else { sprintf(size_buf, "%.1f MB", st.st_size / (1024.0 * 1024)); } } sprintf(buf, "<li><a href=\"%s\">%s</a> - %s</li>", ent->d_name, ent->d_name, size_buf); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); } closedir(dir); } // 发送HTML尾部 sprintf(buf, "</ul></body></html>\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}
//
/ 400 Bad Request /
//
void bad_request(int client)
{
char buf[1024];
sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 400 BAD REQUEST\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<html><body><h1>400 Bad Request</h1></body></html>\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}
//
/ 403 Forbidden /
//
void forbidden(int client) {
char buf[1024];
sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 403 Forbidden\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<html><body><h1>403 Forbidden</h1><p>Access to this resource is denied.</p></body></html>\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}
//
/ 发送文件内容 /
//
void cat(int client, FILE *resource)
{
char buf[65536];
fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), resource); while (!feof(resource)) { send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), resource); }
}
//
/ 500 Internal Server Error /
//
void
cannot_execute(int client)
{
char buf[1024];
sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 500 Internal Server Error\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<html><body><h1>500 Internal Server Error</h1><p>
CGI execution failed.</p></body></html>\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}
//
/ 错误处理 /
//
void error_die(const char *sc)
{
perror(sc);
exit(1);
}
//
/ 执行
CGI脚本 /
//
void execute_
cgi(int client, const char *path, const char *method, const char *query_string)
{
char buf[65536];
int
cgi_output[2];
int
cgi_input[2];
pid_t pid;
int status;
int i;
char c;
int numchars = 1;
int content_length = -1;
buf[0] = 'A'; buf[1] = '\0'; if (strcasecmp(method, "GET")
== 0) while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); else { numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) { buf[15] = '\0'; if (strcasecmp(buf, "Content-Length:")
== 0) content_length = atoi(&(buf[16])); numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); } if (content_length
== -1) { bad_request(client); return; } } sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); if (pipe(
cgi_output) < 0) {
cannot_execute(client); return; } if (pipe(
cgi_input) < 0) {
cannot_execute(client); return; } if ((pid = fork()) < 0 ) {
cannot_execute(client); return; } if (pid
== 0) /* 子进程:
CGI脚本 */ { char meth_env[255]; char query_env[255]; char length_env[255]; dup2(
cgi_output[1], 1); dup2(
cgi_input[0], 0); close(
cgi_output[0]); close(
cgi_input[1]); sprintf(meth_env, "REQUEST_METHOD=%s", method); putenv(meth_env); if (strcasecmp(method, "GET")
== 0) { sprintf(query_env, "QUERY_STRING=%s", query_string); putenv(query_env); } else { /* POST */ sprintf(length_env, "CONTENT_LENGTH=%d", content_length); putenv(length_env); } execl(path, path, NULL); exit(0); } else { /* 父进程 */ close(
cgi_output[1]); close(
cgi_input[0]); if (strcasecmp(method, "POST")
== 0) for (i = 0; i < content_length; i++) { recv(client, &c, 1, 0); write(
cgi_input[1], &c, 1); } while (read(
cgi_output[0], &c, 1) > 0) send(client, &c, 1, 0); close(
cgi_output[0]); close(
cgi_input[1]); waitpid(pid, &status, 0); }
}
//
/ 读取一行 /
//
int get_line(int sock, char *buf, int size)
{
int i = 0;
char c = ‘\0’;
int n;
while ((i < size - 1) && (c != '\n')) { n = recv(sock, &c, 1, 0); if (n > 0) { if (c
== '\r') { n = recv(sock, &c, 1, MSG_PEEK); if ((n > 0) && (c
== '\n')) recv(sock, &c, 1, 0); else c = '\n'; } buf[i] = c; i++; } else c = '\n'; } buf[i] = '\0'; return(i);
}
//
/ 发送HTTP头 /
//
void headers(int client, const char *filename, const char *content_type)
{
char buf[1024];
(void)filename; // 未使用
strcpy(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); strcpy(buf, SERVER_STRING); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: %s\r\n", content_type); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); strcpy(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}
//
/ 404 Not Found /
//
void not_found(int client)
{
char buf[1024];
sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<html><body><h1>404 Not Found</h1><p>The requested URL was not found on this server.</p></body></html>\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}
//
/ 服务静态文件（修复二进制文件处理） /
//
void serve_file(int client, const char *filename)
{
FILE *resource = NULL;
int numchars = 1;
char buf[1024];
size_t bytes_read;
long file_size;
// 丢弃请求头 buf[0] = 'A'; buf[1] = '\0'; while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); // 使用二进制模式打开文件 resource = fopen(filename, "rb"); if (resource
== NULL) { not_found(client); return; } // 获取文件大小 fseek(resource, 0, SEEK_END); file_size = ftell(resource); fseek(resource, 0, SEEK_SET); // 发送HTTP头 const char *content_type = get_mime_type(filename); // 创建并发送头部 char header_buf[2048]; sprintf(header_buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"); send(client, header_buf, strlen(header_buf), 0); sprintf(header_buf, SERVER_STRING); send(client, header_buf, strlen(header_buf), 0); sprintf(header_buf, "Content-Type: %s\r\n", content_type); send(client, header_buf, strlen(header_buf), 0); sprintf(header_buf, "Content-Length: %ld\r\n", file_size); send(client, header_buf, strlen(header_buf), 0); sprintf(header_buf, "\r\n"); send(client, header_buf, strlen(header_buf), 0); // 使用二进制模式发送文件内容 while ((bytes_read = fread(buf, 1, sizeof(buf), resource)) > 0) { ssize_t sent = send(client, buf, bytes_read, MSG_NOSIGNAL); if (sent < 0) { // 处理发送错误（如连接关闭） break; } } fclose(resource);
}
//
/ 启动服务器 /
//
int startup(unsigned short *port)
{
int httpd = 0;
struct sockaddr_in name;
httpd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (httpd
== -1) error_die("socket"); memset(&name, 0, sizeof(name)); name.sin_family = AF_INET; name.sin_port = htons(*port); name.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); if (bind(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, sizeof(name)) < 0) error_die("bind"); if (*port
== 0) { socklen_t namelen = sizeof(name); if (getsockname(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, &namelen)
== -1) error_die("getsockname"); *port = ntohs(name.sin_port); } if (listen(httpd, 5) < 0) error_die("listen"); return(httpd);
}
//
/ 501 Not Implemented /
//
void unimplemented(int client)
{
char buf[1024];
sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 501 Method Not Implemented\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<html><body><h1>501 Not Implemented</h1><p>The requested method is not implemented.</p></body></html>\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}
// 设置套接字发送超时（在主循环accept后调用）
void set_socket_timeout(int sockfd, int timeout_sec) {
struct timeval tv;
tv.tv_sec = timeout_sec; // 超时秒数
tv.tv_usec = 0;
if (setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, &tv, sizeof(tv)) < 0) { perror("setsockopt SO_SNDTIMEO failed"); }
}
//
/ 主函数 /
//
int main(void)
{
int server_sock = -1;
unsigned short port = 8080;
int client_sock = -1;
struct sockaddr_in client_name;
socklen_t client_name_len = sizeof(client_name);
pthread_t newthread;
server_sock = startup(&port); printf("HTTP server running on port %d\n", port); signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); while (1) { client_sock = accept(server_sock,(struct sockaddr *)&client_name,&client_name_len); if (client_sock
== -1) { perror("accept"); continue; // 继续接受新连接，而不是退出 } // 动态分配内存传递socket描述符 int *pclient = malloc(sizeof(int)); if (!pclient) { perror("malloc failed"); close(client_sock); continue; } *pclient = client_sock; // 创建线程处理请求（不再在主线程设置超时） if (pthread_
create(&newthread, NULL, accept_request, pclient) != 0) { perror("pthread_
create"); free(pclient); close(client_sock); } else { // 分离线程，使其结束后自动释放
资源 pthread_detach(newthread); } } close(server_sock); return(0);
}
这是我的多线程版本webserver。我现在需要写一版以IO多路复用方式实现的webserver
本文探讨了如何解决SELinux权限限制导致无法创建目录的问题，通过修改配置文件，实现系统的正常运行。
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