【3】hive中关于partition的操作-优快云博客

本文介绍了如何使用Hive进行表分区的创建、添加、修改和删除操作。演示了具体的SQL命令并展示了如何查看分区信息，同时涉及了如何向表中添加列及指定分区存储位置。

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hive> create table mp (a string) partitioned by (b string, c string);
OK
Time taken: 0.044 seconds
hive> alter table mp add partition (b='1', c='1');
OK
Time taken: 0.079 seconds
hive> alter table mp add partition (b='1', c='2');
OK
Time taken: 0.052 seconds
hive> alter table mp add partition (b='2', c='2');
OK
Time taken: 0.056 seconds
hive> show partitions mp ;
OK
b=1/c=1
b=1/c=2
b=2/c=2
Time taken: 0.046 seconds
hive> explain extended alter table mp drop partition (b='1');
OK
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
  (TOK_ALTERTABLE_DROPPARTS mp (TOK_PARTSPEC (TOK_PARTVAL b '1')))

STAGE DEPENDENCIES:
  Stage-0 is a root stage

STAGE PLANS:
  Stage: Stage-0
   Drop Table Operator:
      Drop Table
      table: mp

Time taken: 0.048 seconds
hive> alter table mp drop partition (b='1');
FAILED: Error in metadata: table is partitioned but partition spec is not specified or tab: {b=1}
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask
hive> show partitions mp ;
OK
b=1/c=1
b=1/c=2
b=2/c=2
Time taken: 0.044 seconds
hive> alter table mp add partition ( b='1', c = '3') partition ( b='1' , c='4');
OK
Time taken: 0.168 seconds
hive> show partitions mp ;
OK
b=1/c=1
b=1/c=2
b=1/c=3
b=1/c=4
b=2/c=2
b=2/c=3
Time taken: 0.066 seconds
hive>insert overwrite table mp partition (b='1', c='1') select cnt from tmp_et3 ;

hive>alter table mp add columns (newcol string);

location指定目录结构
hive> alter table alter2 add partition (insertdate='2008-01-01') location '2008/01/01';

hive> alter table alter2 add partition (insertdate='2008-01-02') location '2008/01/02';