oracle_loader类型外部表

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-09 03:51:40 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2021-04-09 03:51:40 发布 · 135 阅读

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文章标签：

#oracle #sql #cuug #ocp #ocm

本文详细介绍了如何在SQL环境下创建外部表，并通过外部参数进行数据加载。包括创建目录、授权、创建外部表及参数配置等步骤，以及如何在日志中找到外部表创建所需的目录创建语句。

[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0098/6591/48f96d13-7b60-3dcb-848c-e50eeccb3084.jpg[/img]
1、创建目录（create any directory）：

SQL> create user Oracle identified by oracle;

用户已创建。

SQL> grant dba to oracle;

授权成功。

SQL> grant create any directory to oracle;

授权成功。

SQL> conn oracle/oracle
已连接。

2、创建外部表：

SQL> select * from dba_directories;

OWNER DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH
-------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
--
SYS ADMIN_DIR C:\ADE\aime_vista_ship\oracle/md/admin
SYS DATA_PUMP_DIR d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\orcl\dpdump\
SYS BDUMP D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\orcl\bdump
SYS WORK_DIR C:\ADE\aime_vista_ship\oracle/work

SQL> create table alert_log(text varchar2(400))
2 organization external (
3 type oracle_loader
4 default directory BDUMP
5 access parameters(
6 records delimited by newline
7 nobadfile
8 nodiscardfile
9 nologfile
10 )
11 location('alert_orcl.log')
12 )
13 reject limit unlimited
14 /

表已创建。

SQL> select * from alert_log where rownum<10;

TEXT
------------------------------------------------------------------
Dump file d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\orcl\bdump\alert_orcl.log
Sun May 16 11:25:15 2010
ORACLE V10.2.0.3.0 - Production vsnsta=0
vsnsql=14 vsnxtr=3
Windows NT Version V6.0
CPU : 2 - type 586
Process Affinity : 0x00000000
Memory (Avail/Total): Ph:372M/1021M
Sun May 16 11:25:15 2010

已选择9行。

3、外部表acess paramter获得方式

sqlldr oracle/oracle control=user.ctl external_table=generate_only

eg:

1、user.ctl(语法可以使用EM DBCONSOLE生成) :

load

infile 'D:\oracle_file\data.txt'

badfile 'D:\oracle_file\data.bad'

discardfile 'D:\oracle_file\data.dis'

errors=50

append

into table user_data

fields terminated by ',' optionally enclosed by '"'

trailing nullcols

(user_name varchar2(20),

user_id number)

2、sqlldr oracle/oracle control=user.ctl external_table=generate_only log=user_data.log

你会在日志中发现：

文件需要 CREATE DIRECTORY 语句
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE DIRECTORY SYS_SQLLDR_XT_TMPDIR_00000 AS 'D:\oracle_file\'

用于外部表的 CREATE TABLE 语句:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "SYS_SQLLDR_X_EXT_USER_DATA"
(
"USER_NAME" VARCHAR2(20),
"USER_ID" NUMBER
)
ORGANIZATION external
(
TYPE oracle_loader
DEFAULT DIRECTORY SYS_SQLLDR_XT_TMPDIR_00000
ACCESS PARAMETERS
(
RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE CHARACTERSET ZHS16GBK
BADFILE 'SYS_SQLLDR_XT_TMPDIR_00000':'data.bad'
DISCARDFILE 'SYS_SQLLDR_XT_TMPDIR_00000':'data.dis'
LOGFILE 'user_data.log_xt'
READSIZE 1048576
FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LDRTRIM
MISSING FIELD VALUES ARE NULL
REJECT ROWS WITH ALL NULL FIELDS
(
"USER_NAME" CHAR(255)
TERMINATED BY "," OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"',
"USER_ID" CHAR(255)
TERMINATED BY "," OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
)
)
location
(
'data.txt'
)
)REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED