本文深入解析了Oracle数据库管理中的关键命令，包括强制启动、限制模式操作以及正常关闭机制。详细介绍了如何启用和禁用Redolog归档、全数据库恢复、使用RESTRICT模式进行数据导出/导入、临时阻止用户访问以及在非受限模式下进行迁移或升级操作。同时，阐述了在限制模式下无法远程访问实例，以及如何在非受限模式下重新访问实例的方法。
关于startup的一些命令执行情形
>>startup nomount
1.Enabling and disabling redo log archiving<wbr> options<br> 2.Performing full database recovery<br><br><br> >>startup RESTRICT<br> 1.Perform an export or import of data<br> 2.Perform a data load (with SQL*Loader)<br> 3.Temporarily prevent typical users from using data<br> *4.Perform certain migration or upgrade operations<br><br> <<wbr><wbr> Further, when the instance is in restricted mode, a database administrator<br> cannot access the instance remotely through an<wbr> Oracle Net listener, but can only access the instance locally from the machine that the instance is running on.<br><wbr><wbr> You can use the RESTRICT<wbr> clause in combination with the MOUNT,<wbr> NOMOUNT, and OPEN clauses.<br> Later, use the ALTER SYSTEM statement to disable the RESTRICTED SESSION <wbr><br> feature:<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> sql>ALTER SYSTEM DISABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;<br> If you open the database in nonrestricted mode and later find that you need to restrict access, you can use the ALTER SYSTEM statement to do so ><br><br><br> >>startup force<br> 1.<wbr><wbr><wbr>You cannot shut down the current instance with the SHUTDOWN NORMAL,<br> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE , or<wbr> SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL commands.<br> 2.<wbr><wbr><wbr>You experience problems wh en starting an instance.<br><br> （If an instance is running, STARTUP FORCE<wbr> shuts it down with mode<wbr> ABORT before restarting it.）<br><br><br> ><br><br></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
>>startup nomount
1.Enabling and disabling redo log archiving<wbr> options<br> 2.Performing full database recovery<br><br><br> >>startup RESTRICT<br> 1.Perform an export or import of data<br> 2.Perform a data load (with SQL*Loader)<br> 3.Temporarily prevent typical users from using data<br> *4.Perform certain migration or upgrade operations<br><br> <<wbr><wbr> Further, when the instance is in restricted mode, a database administrator<br> cannot access the instance remotely through an<wbr> Oracle Net listener, but can only access the instance locally from the machine that the instance is running on.<br><wbr><wbr> You can use the RESTRICT<wbr> clause in combination with the MOUNT,<wbr> NOMOUNT, and OPEN clauses.<br> Later, use the ALTER SYSTEM statement to disable the RESTRICTED SESSION <wbr><br> feature:<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> sql>ALTER SYSTEM DISABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;<br> If you open the database in nonrestricted mode and later find that you need to restrict access, you can use the ALTER SYSTEM statement to do so ><br><br><br> >>startup force<br> 1.<wbr><wbr><wbr>You cannot shut down the current instance with the SHUTDOWN NORMAL,<br> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE , or<wbr> SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL commands.<br> 2.<wbr><wbr><wbr>You experience problems wh en starting an instance.<br><br> （If an instance is running, STARTUP FORCE<wbr> shuts it down with mode<wbr> ABORT before restarting it.）<br><br><br> ><br><br></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
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