JavaWeb项目的中文乱码的原因以及Servlet中处理GET请求和POST请求编码过滤器

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-26 14:29:34 发布

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-26 14:29:34 发布 · 174 阅读

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#java

本文详细介绍了Web开发中常见的乱码问题及其原因，并提供了解决方案，包括手动设置编码及使用过滤器实现自动编码转换。

一、乱码原因

①传输方和接收方采用的编码不一致。传输方对参数采用的是UTF-8编码而接收方却用GBK进行解析，当然是乱码。

②Tomcat服务器默认采用的ISO8859-1编码得到参数值。虽然①中采用了同样的编码方式，但经过tomcat一处理，也会出现乱码(GET方式)

二、解决办法

方法一每次传输都手动设置编码(GET方式传输数据)

传输方
String name = URLEncoder.encode("徐越","UTF-8");
String path = "http://localhost:8008/xyWeb/xyServlet?name=" + name;

接收方
String name = new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

若传输方默认采用UTF-8编码就没有必要每次写，但接收方每次都写太烦，可考虑过滤器。

方法二(过滤器)

/**
 * 编码过滤器
 * 
 * @author 徐越
 * 
 */
public class EncodingFilter implements Filter
{
	private String encoding;

	public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException
	{
		encoding = fConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
	}

	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws Exception
	{
		HttpServletRequest httprequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
		if ("GET".equals(httprequest.getMethod()))
		{
			// 将httpRequest进行包装
			EncodingHttpServletRequest wrapper = new EncodingHttpServletRequest(httprequest, encoding); 
			chain.doFilter(wrapper, response);
		}
		else
		{
			request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
			response.setContentType("text/html;charset=" + encoding);
			chain.doFilter(request, response);
		}
	}

	public void destroy()
	{

	}

}


/**
 * httpRequest进行包装类
 * 
 * @author 徐越
 * 
 */
public class EncodingHttpServletRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper
{
	private HttpServletRequest request;
	private String encoding;

	public EncodingHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request)
	{
		super(request);
		this.request = request;
	}

	public EncodingHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request,String encoding)
	{
		super(request);
		this.request = request;
		this.encoding = encoding;
		
	}
	@Override
	public String getParameter(String name)
	{
		String value = request.getParameter(name);
		if (null != value)
		{
			try
			{
				// tomcat默认以ISO8859-1处理GET传来的参数。把tomcat上的值用ISO8859-1获取字节流，再转换成UTF-8字符串
				value = new String(value.getBytes("ISO8859-1"), encoding);
			}
			catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)
			{
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return value;
	}

}

  <filter>
    <display-name>EncodingFilter</display-name>
    <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>cn.xy.filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <description></description>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>