redhat 企业版5上安装oracle11g

安装环境

Linux服务器：redhat 企业版 32位

Oracle ：Oracle11gR2 32位

系统环境检查

使用命令

rpm -qa | grep

rpm -qa | grep compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61

rpm -qa | grep binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5

rpm -qa | grep binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5

rpm -qa | grep elfutils-libelf-0.125-3.el5

rpm -qa | grep elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125

rpm -qa | grep gcc-4.1.1-52

rpm -qa | grep gcc-c++-4.1.1-52

rpm -qa | grep glibc-2.5-12

rpm -qa | grep glibc-common-2.5-12

rpm -qa | grep glibc-devel-2.5-12

rpm -qa | grep glibc-headers-2.5-12

rpm -qa | grep libaio-0.3.106（一般没有安装)

rpm -qa | grep libaio-devel-0.3.106

rpm -qa | grep libgcc-4.1.1-52

rpm -qa | grep libstdc++-4.1.1

rpm -qa | grep libstdc++-devel-4.1.1-52.e15

rpm -qa | grep make-3.81-1.1

rpm -qa | grep numactl-devel-0.9.8.i386（一般没有安装)

rpm -qa | grep sysstat-7.0.0 (一般没有安装)

rpm -q unixODBC
rpm -q unixODBC-devel

建立用户和目录

[root@localhost /]# vi user.sh

groupadd dba

groupadd oinstall

useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle

passwd oracle

[root@localhost /]#chmod 700 user.sh

[root@localhost /]# ./user.sh

Changing password for user oracle.

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is too simplistic/systematic

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@localhost /]#vi dir.sh

mkdir –p /u01/oracle

mkdir /u01/oracle/app

mkdir /u01/oracle/app/oracle

mkdir /u01/oracle/app/oradata

mkdir /u01/oracle/app/oracle/ product

chown -R oracle:oinstall u01

ls –l

检查nobody用户是否存在

#id nobody

uid=99(nobody) gid=99(nobody) groups=99(nobody)

修改操作系统核心参数

在Root用户下执行以下步骤：

修改用户的SHELL的限制，修改/etc/security/limits.c

onf文件vi /etc/security/limits.conf，按i键进入编辑模式，将下列内容加入该文件。

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

编辑完成后按Esc键，输入 “:wq” 存盘退出

vi /etc/pam.d/login, 按i键进入编辑模式，将下列内容加入该文件

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

vi /etc/sysctl.conf , 按i键进入编辑模式，将下列内容加入该文件

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 4194304

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

[root@localhost /]# sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 4194304

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

vi /etc/profile，按i键进入编辑模式，将下列内容加入该文件

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

配置oracle用户的环境变量，首先，切换到新创建的oracle用户下,

su – oracle

vi .bash_profile 按i编辑 .bash_profile,进入编辑模式，增加以下内容：

umask 022

export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib

注意：root用户要执行一下xhost +（不然无法起图形界面）

解压oracle

unzip /u01/oracle/linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

unzip /u01/oracle/linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

su - oracle

cd /u01/oracle/database

[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller

正在启动 Oracle Universal Installer...

检查临时空间: 必须大于 80 MB。实际为 6469 MB 通过

检查交换空间: 必须大于 150 MB。实际为 2047 MB 通过

检查监视器: 监视器配置至少必须显示 256种颜色。 实际为 16777216通过

准备从以下地址启动 Oracle Universal Installer /tmp/OraInstall2012-06-25_11-23-44AM.请稍候...[oracle@localhost database]$

配置Listener

以oracle用户登录，打开终端，输入netca

netca

选择监听程序配置,然后按默认一直点下一步。

创建数据库
以oracl用户登录，打开终端，输入dbca
下面就是下一步点击安装，我这里就省略了。

手工启动和关闭数据库

[oracle@localhost ~]$sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Jun 25 15:00:48 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 422670336 bytes

Fixed Size 1336960 bytes

Variable Size 281020800 bytes

Database Buffers 134217728 bytes

Redo Buffers 6094848 bytes

????????

????????（这里字符集有点问题）这个可以按照盖总的笔记操作解决这个问题

http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/yujin2010good/article/details/7235895(下面也有解决方法)

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE 11.2.0.1.0 Production

TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

SQL>

监听查看

[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 25-JUN-2012 15:07:11

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))

TNS-12541: TNS:no listener

TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error

TNS-00511: No listener

Linux Error: 111: Connection refused

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 25-JUN-2012 15:07:19

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Starting //u01/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2/db/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

System parameter file is //u01/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2/db/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to /u01/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date 25-JUN-2012 15:07:19

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 20 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File //u01/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2/db/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /u01/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))

The listener supports no services

The command completed successfully

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 25-JUN-2012 15:07:57

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date 25-JUN-2012 15:07:19

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 38 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File //u01/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2/db/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /u01/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))

The listener supports no services

The command completed successfully

[oracle@localhost ~]$

注意：上面字符集有问题，这里修正

查看oracle字符集
SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.UTF8
查看linux系统字符集
[root@ora ~]# env |grep LANG
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
GDM_LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

定义linux系统字符集

[root@ora ~]# export NLS_LANG='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.UTF8'
定义oracle环境字符集
[root@ora ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@ora ~]$ export NLS_LANG='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.UTF8'
[oracle@ora ~]$ !sql

查看结果
SQL> select * from database_properties;