SQLServer中有两个扩展存储过程实现Scanf和Printf功能,恰当的使用它们可以在提取和拼接字符串时大幅度简化SQL代码。
1、xp_sscanf,用它可以分解格式相对固定的字符串,这对于厌倦使用一堆substring和charindex的朋友来说不错。比如前几天的一个帖子中提出的如何分解ip地址,相对简练且通用的代码应该是下面这样
if (
object_id (
'f_getip' )
is
not
null )
drop function f_getip
go
create function dbo . f_getip ( @ ip varchar ( 100 ))
returns @ t table ( a int , b int , c int , d int )
as
begin
set @ ip = replace ( @ ip , '.' , ' ' )
declare
@ s1 varchar ( 3 ) , @ s2 varchar ( 3 ),
@ s3 varchar ( 3 ) , @ s4 varchar ( 3 )
exec xp_sscanf @ ip , '%s %s %s %s' , @ s1 output , @ s2 output , @ s3 output , @ s4 output
insert into @ t select @ s1 , @ s2 , @ s3 , @ s4
return
end
go
select * from dbo . f_getip ( '192.168.0.1' )
go
/*
a b c d
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
192 168 0 1
*/
drop function f_getip
go
create function dbo . f_getip ( @ ip varchar ( 100 ))
returns @ t table ( a int , b int , c int , d int )
as
begin
set @ ip = replace ( @ ip , '.' , ' ' )
declare
@ s1 varchar ( 3 ) , @ s2 varchar ( 3 ),
@ s3 varchar ( 3 ) , @ s4 varchar ( 3 )
exec xp_sscanf @ ip , '%s %s %s %s' , @ s1 output , @ s2 output , @ s3 output , @ s4 output
insert into @ t select @ s1 , @ s2 , @ s3 , @ s4
return
end
go
select * from dbo . f_getip ( '192.168.0.1' )
go
/*
a b c d
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
192 168 0 1
*/
2、xp_sprintf,用它可以拼接出一个字符串而不用担心过多的加号很引号难以控制,比如一个动态执行sql语句的存储过程
if (
object_id (
'p_select' )
is
not
null )
drop proc p_select
go
create proc p_select ( @ tb varchar ( 100 ), @ cols varchar ( 100 ), @ wherecol varchar ( 100 ), @ value varchar ( 100 ))
as
begin
declare @ s varchar ( 8000 )
exec xp_sprintf @ s output , 'select %s from %s where %s=''%s''' , @ cols , @ tb , @ wherecol , @ value
exec ( @ s)
end
go
exec p_select 'sysobjects' , 'id,xtype,crdate' , 'name' , 'p_select'
/*
id xtype crdate
----------- ----- -----------------------
898102240 P 2009-08-18 03:01:51.153
*/
drop proc p_select
go
create proc p_select ( @ tb varchar ( 100 ), @ cols varchar ( 100 ), @ wherecol varchar ( 100 ), @ value varchar ( 100 ))
as
begin
declare @ s varchar ( 8000 )
exec xp_sprintf @ s output , 'select %s from %s where %s=''%s''' , @ cols , @ tb , @ wherecol , @ value
exec ( @ s)
end
go
exec p_select 'sysobjects' , 'id,xtype,crdate' , 'name' , 'p_select'
/*
id xtype crdate
----------- ----- -----------------------
898102240 P 2009-08-18 03:01:51.153
*/
SQLServer扩展存储过程应用
本文介绍SQLServer中xp_sscanf和xp_sprintf两个扩展存储过程的应用,通过实例展示如何利用这些工具简化字符串处理任务,如分解IP地址和构建动态SQL语句。
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