how to show error(404) to the user

本文展示了超过40个创意十足且用户友好的404错误页面设计案例,这些案例通过吸引人的图像、富有诗意的文字、情感沟通等多种方式,帮助迷路的访客找到正确的方向。
original: http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2007/08/17/404-error-pages-reloaded/?

404 Error Pages: Reloaded

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Three weeks ago we’ve showcased some of the most beautiful, creative and user-friendly 404 Error Pages; we’ve collected some interesting ideas one can use to help out the visitors once they got lost ony your page. We’ve also asked our readers to design their own 404 pages and promised to present the best solutions afterwards.

We’ve received over 100 entries. The choice wasn’t easy, so evaluating the quality of the entries we’ve considered - among other things - the communication with visitors, precise and clear navigation, the use of graphics, creative ideas and some outstanding solutions. Some of the solutions presented below might not be as helpful as they could or should be, however they include some creative approaches you should be aware of designing your 404 error pages.

We’d like to thank to everyone who participated, your input means a lot for us and for web-designers worldwide. You help to improve the quality of the Web. Don’t underestimate it.

So here is what you’ve come out with: over 40 working examples of user-friendly, creative and outstanding 404 error pages - in a brief overview.

1. Appealing images

A really dirty, hand-made image with a comment - for despaired visitors only. The page also includes a search box.

404 Error Page Example

Rainfall Daffinson makes sure you don’t feel lost.

404 Error Page Example

Even a 404-error page can look stylish.

404 Error Page Example

A book with the page which couldn’t be found.

404 Error Page Example

404 Error Page Example

404 Error Page Example

Jamie Huskisson communicates with “lost” visitors using imagery.

404 Error Page Example

404 error as time on a clock.

404 Error Page Example

Sometimes you can feel or even smell that you’re definitely not on the page you wanted to visit.

404 Error Page Example

2. Getting poetic

404 error haiku. Informative, however a direct link to the start page would be quite useful.

404 Error Page Example

Three more haikus by Lumino.us. Plus beer to keep you company.

404 Error Page Example

And one more haiku by alt-web.com.

404 Error Page Example

BlueVertigo offers a poem with horizontal scrolling.

404 Error Page Example

A small poem about the 404 error by Poemofquotes.com

404 Error Page Example

Jacob Thomas quotes Winston Churchill and informs lost visitors that the page they’ve been looking for seems to have been burnt down by a puckish elf called ‘Prontyr’.

404 Error Page Example

Darren Hoyt appeals to the humanity of mistakes and errors and communication with visitors directly.

404 Error Page Example

3. Communicate through emotions

Isn’t he sad…

404 Error Page Example

…however, Cat Content seems to be doing well…

404 Error Page Example

…and Krystal gets no biscuit.

404 Error Page Example

4. Communicate through irony

Maybe an idiot has passed you the wrong link or maybe a bigger idiot has linked in their site to a page that doesn’t exist. In both cases the big boss man has been sent an email informing him of this problem, so the person responsible can be tied to a tree and horsewhipped! Nice to know.

404 Error Page Example

Martin Yelland has some good explanations about what happened: strange little Web Gremlins or fluctuations of the Earth’s Magnetic field might have caused the error - however, a team of highly trained monkeys has been dispatched to deal with this situation.

404 Error Page Example

Even although you’re a douche bag, you can use a search box to get to the page you’ve been looking for.

404 Error Page Example

Apparently, this is a test of the emergency broadcast systems. You should remain calm, these kinds of things happen all the time. The “four oh four error” by Poropoptrt.com.

404 Error Page Example

5. While you are lost…

…you can read a comic…

404 Error Page Example

…or more comics (the image is changing after every reload)…

404 Error Page Example

…get two cocktail recipes…

404 Error Page Example

…die…

404 Error Page Example

…don’t count to 404 (the site also provides a search box and a tag cloud)…

404 Error Page Example

6. Explain what happened.

Explanation in a well-designed visualization of what happened.

404 Error Page Example

Be aware when you’ve reached a buzzless page…

404 Error Page Example

404 Error Page Example

7. Explain what can be done.

404 Error Page Example

Foobr offers a detailed explanation on what can be done and what the “lost” visitor might be looking for.

404 Error Page Example

404 Error Page Example

3amproductions.net suggests pages the visitor might be looking for.

404 Error Page Example

Renet-web.met offers recent posts and a search box.

404 Error Page Example

8. Unusual solutions.

Shocking visitors with colors - interesting, but not quite appealing…

404 Error Page Example

Blue Screen Of Death on the Web.

404 Error Page Example

Sorabji.com lists what people were looking for when they got the 404 Page Error. Interesting approach, however not recommendable - think of spambots.

404 Error Page Example

9. Be sincere.

Jeremy seems to be really sorry about the missing page…

404 Error Page Example

…so is Rainer…

404 Error Page Example

10. Do whatever you want to do.

This is not a working example, since the site isn’t using the page as a working 404 error page. Nevertheless it’s quite funny: the characters are talking, and as you might suggest, they are talking about 404 errors!

404 Error Page Example

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<think>好的,用户现在的问题是如何在Linux上启动OceanBase的SQL服务(可能是SQL*Plus或者似工具)。之前用户询问过关于从Oracle迁移到OceanBase时遇到的序列问题,现在可能正在尝试实际部署和连接OceanBase,所以需要启动相关服务进行测试或操作。 首先,我需要确定用户提到的“sqlr”具体指什么。在OceanBase的语境中,可能是指SQL命令行工具,比如obclient或者OceanBase自带的客户端工具。可能用户误写为“sqlr”,或者是指某个特定组件。需要先明确这一点,但根据常见情况,假设用户是想启动OceanBase数据库服务并连接到SQL客户端。 接下来,用户可能是在Linux环境下部署OceanBase,但不确定他们是否已经安装好了OceanBase,或者是否只是安装了客户端工具。需要分步骤指导,包括安装、启动服务、连接客户端等。同时,用户可能对OceanBase的架构不太熟悉,比如单机部署和集群部署的区别,是否需要先启动observer进程等。 另外,用户之前遇到的问题涉及迁移工具OMS,可能在迁移过程中需要连接到OceanBase执行SQL命令,所以启动SQL客户端是必要的一步。需要确保用户正确安装了OceanBase的客户端工具,比如obclient,并且配置了正确的连接信息,如主机地址、端口、用户名、密码、租户名等。 可能用户遇到的困难包括如何安装客户端工具,如何确认OceanBase服务已经启动,以及连接时的参数设置。需要详细说明每个步骤,包括检查服务状态、安装客户端、连接命令示例,以及常见问题的解决方法,比如防火墙设置、密码错误等。 最后,需要给出验证连接成功的方法,比如执行简单的SQL语句,确保用户能够正确操作数据库。同时提醒用户注意部署模式的不同(如Docker部署可能需要不同的步骤),以及官方文档的重要性,确保用户能够进一步查阅资料解决问题。</think>------------- ### **分步骤说明:如何启动OceanBase SQL服务(以Linux为例)** ------------- #### **步骤1:确认OceanBase部署模式** OceanBase的SQL服务依赖**observer进程**运行,需先明确部署方式: 1. **单机测试模式**:通过`obd`工具快速部署(适合开发测试) 2. **生产集群模式**:需配置多节点(需要ZooKeeper/OceanBase RootService) 👉 **本文以单机部署为例**,使用OceanBase官方工具`obd`进行操作。 ------------- #### **步骤2:启动OceanBase服务** 1. **检查observer进程状态**: ```bash obd cluster list # 查看已部署的集群名称 obd cluster display <cluster-name> # 检查节点状态 ``` 2. **启动/重启服务**: ```bash obd cluster start <cluster-name> # 首次启动 obd cluster restart <cluster-name> # 若已部署但未运行 ``` 3. **验证服务状态**: ```bash netstat -ntlp | grep 2881 # 默认SQL端口2881应处于LISTEN状态 ``` ------------- #### **步骤3:连接SQL客户端(obclient)** 1. **安装obclient**: ```bash # CentOS/RHEL sudo yum install obclient # Ubuntu/Debian sudo apt-get install obclient ``` 2. **基础连接命令**: ```bash obclient -h<IP> -P<PORT> -u<USER> -p<PASSWORD> -D<DATABASE> -c -A ``` - **示例**(连接默认sys租户): ```bash obclient -h127.0.0.1 -P2881 -uroot@sys -p"" -Doceanbase -c -A ``` 3. **关键参数说明**: | 参数 | 典型值 | 说明 | |------------|-------------------------|--------------------------------| | `-h` | 127.0.0.1 | 服务器IP(若本地部署用回环地址)| | `-P` | 2881 | SQL服务端口 | | `-u` | root@sys 或 user@tenant | 用户名@租户名 | | `-p` | 空密码或自定义密码 | 密码(空密码需用`-p""`) | | `-D` | oceanbase | 默认数据库 | | `-c` | N/A | 启用交互模式 | | `-A` | N/A | 禁止自动重连 | ------------- #### **步骤4:验证SQL执行** 连接成功后,执行测试命令: ```sql SHOW DATABASES; -- 查看数据库列表 SELECT @@version; -- 查询OceanBase版本 ``` ------------- ### **常见问题处理** #### **问题1:连接超时** - **现象**:`ERROR 2013 (HY000): Lost connection to server` - **解决方案**: 1. 检查防火墙是否开放2881/2882端口: ```bash sudo firewall-cmd --list-ports # CentOS sudo ufw status # Ubuntu ``` 2. 确认observer进程正常运行: ```bash ps -ef | grep observer ``` #### **问题2:认证失败** - **现象**:`ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied` - **解决方案**: 1. 确认密码是否正确(新部署默认root密码为空) 2. 检查用户是否绑定到正确的租户: ```sql -- 在OceanBase中查询用户权限 SELECT * FROM oceanbase.__all_user; ``` ------------- ### **扩展:Docker快速启动(备选方案)** 若需快速测试,可直接使用OceanBase官方Docker镜像: ```bash # 拉取镜像 docker pull oceanbase/oceanbase-ce # 启动容器 docker run -p 2881:2881 --name ob -d oceanbase/oceanbase-ce # 进入容器并连接 docker exec -it ob /bin/bash obclient -h127.0.0.1 -uroot@sys -P2881 -p"" -A oceanbase ``` ------------- ### **关键总结** 1. 先通过`obd`启动observer进程,再通过`obclient`连接 2. 连接字符串必须包含**租户名**(如`root@sys`) 3. 生产环境需替换`127.0.0.1`为实际服务器IP,并配置安全组规则 建议参考[OceanBase官方文档](https://www.oceanbase.com/docs)获取最新配置细节。
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