android 三种定位方式

Android定位技术详解

最新推荐文章于 2025-09-11 18:05:25 发布

最新推荐文章于 2025-09-11 18:05:25 发布 · 154 阅读

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#移动开发 #java #json

本文详细介绍Android平台上的三种定位技术：GPS定位、基站定位和网络定位。通过具体代码示例展示了如何实现这些定位功能，并解释了相关权限配置。

最近在看android关于定位的方式，查了很多资料，也做了相关实验，在手机上做了测试，下面总结：

一共有三种定位方式，一种是GPS，一种是通过网络的方式，一种则是在基于基站的方式，但是，不管哪种方式，都需要开启网络或者GPS

首先添加权限

[html]view plaincopy 
   
 <uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/> 
 <uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/> 

在COARSE_LOCATION是用于基站定位的时候用的，没有这个权限，在获取getCellLocation的时候报错。

第一种方式通过JASON来实现，是通过基站方式的，引用文章地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/dartagnan/archive/2011/3/9.html，下载只是实现定位的代码

[java]view plaincopy 
   
 /** 
 *Google定位的实现.<br/> 
 *Geolocation的详细信息请参见：<br/> 
 *<a 
 *href="http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html"mce_href="http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html"> 
 *http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html</a> 
 */ 
 publicclassLocationActextendsActivity{ 
 privateTextViewtxtInfo; 
 publicvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){ 
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
 setContentView(R.layout.main); 
 Buttonbtn=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btnStart); 
 txtInfo=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.txtInfo); 
 btn.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener(){ 
 publicvoidonClick(Viewview){ 
 getLocation(); 
 } 
 }); 
 } 
 privatevoidgetLocation(){ 
 TelephonyManagertm=(TelephonyManager)getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE); 
 GsmCellLocationgsmCell=(GsmCellLocation)tm.getCellLocation(); 
 intcid=gsmCell.getCid(); 
 intlac=gsmCell.getLac(); 
 StringnetOperator=tm.getNetworkOperator(); 
 intmcc=Integer.valueOf(netOperator.substring(0,3)); 
 intmnc=Integer.valueOf(netOperator.substring(3,5)); 
 JSONObjectholder=newJSONObject(); 
 JSONArrayarray=newJSONArray(); 
 JSONObjectdata=newJSONObject(); 
 try{ 
 holder.put("version","1.1.0"); 
 holder.put("host","maps.google.com"); 
 holder.put("address_language","zh_CN"); 
 holder.put("request_address",true); 
 holder.put("radio_type","gsm"); 
 holder.put("carrier","HTC"); 
 data.put("cell_id",cid); 
 data.put("location_area_code",lac); 
 data.put("mobile_countyr_code",mcc); 
 data.put("mobile_network_code",mnc); 
 array.put(data); 
 holder.put("cell_towers",array); 
 }catch(JSONExceptione){ 
 e.printStackTrace(); 
 } 
 DefaultHttpClientclient=newDefaultHttpClient(); 
 HttpPosthttpPost=newHttpPost("http://www.google.com/loc/json"); 
 StringEntitystringEntity=null; 
 try{ 
 stringEntity=newStringEntity(holder.toString()); 
 }catch(UnsupportedEncodingExceptione){ 
 e.printStackTrace(); 
 } 
 httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity); 
 HttpResponsehttpResponse=null; 
 try{ 
 httpResponse=client.execute(httpPost); 
 }catch(ClientProtocolExceptione){ 
 e.printStackTrace(); 
 }catch(IOExceptione){ 
 e.printStackTrace(); 
 } 
 HttpEntityhttpEntity=httpResponse.getEntity(); 
 InputStreamis=null; 
 try{ 
 is=httpEntity.getContent(); 
 }catch(IllegalStateExceptione){ 
 e.printStackTrace(); 
 }catch(IOExceptione){ 
 //TODOAuto-generatedcatchblock 
 e.printStackTrace(); 
 } 
 InputStreamReaderisr=newInputStreamReader(is); 
 BufferedReaderreader=newBufferedReader(isr); 
 StringBufferstringBuffer=newStringBuffer(); 
 try{ 
 Stringresult=""; 
 while((result=reader.readLine())!=null){ 
 stringBuffer.append(result); 
 } 
 }catch(IOExceptione){ 
 e.printStackTrace(); 
 } 
 txtInfo.setText(stringBuffer.toString()); 
 } 
 } 

第二种通过严格的GPS来定位，引用文章地址： http://www.cnblogs.com/wisekingokok/archive/2011/09/06/2168479.html ，这里只引用代码

[java]view plaincopy 
   
 publicclassMainActivityextendsActivity{ 
 privateLocationManagerlocationManager; 
 privateGpsStatusgpsstatus; 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){ 
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
 setContentView(R.layout.main); 
  
 //获取到LocationManager对象 
 locationManager=(LocationManager)getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE); 
  
 //根据设置的Criteria对象，获取最符合此标准的provider对象 
 StringcurrentProvider=locationManager.getProvider(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER).getName(); 
  
 //根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息 
 LocationcurrentLocation=locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider); 
 //如果位置信息为null，则请求更新位置信息 
 if(currentLocation==null){ 
 locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider,0,0,locationListener); 
 } 
 //增加GPS状态监听器 
 locationManager.addGpsStatusListener(gpsListener); 
  
 //直到获得最后一次位置信息为止，如果未获得最后一次位置信息，则显示默认经纬度 
 //每隔10秒获取一次位置信息 
 while(true){ 
 currentLocation=locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider); 
 if(currentLocation!=null){ 
 Log.d("Location","Latitude:"+currentLocation.getLatitude()); 
 Log.d("Location","location:"+currentLocation.getLongitude()); 
 break; 
 }else{ 
 Log.d("Location","Latitude:"+0); 
 Log.d("Location","location:"+0); 
 } 
 try{ 
 Thread.sleep(10000); 
 }catch(InterruptedExceptione){ 
 Log.e("Location",e.getMessage()); 
 } 
 } 
 } 
  
 privateGpsStatus.ListenergpsListener=newGpsStatus.Listener(){ 
 //GPS状态发生变化时触发 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonGpsStatusChanged(intevent){ 
 //获取当前状态 
 gpsstatus=locationManager.getGpsStatus(null); 
 switch(event){ 
 //第一次定位时的事件 
 caseGpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_FIRST_FIX: 
 break; 
 //开始定位的事件 
 caseGpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STARTED: 
 break; 
 //发送GPS卫星状态事件 
 caseGpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS: 
 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
 Iterable<GpsSatellite>allSatellites=gpsstatus.getSatellites(); 
 Iterator<GpsSatellite>it=allSatellites.iterator(); 
 intcount=0; 
 while(it.hasNext()) 
 { 
 count++; 
 } 
 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"SatelliteCount:"+count,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
 break; 
 //停止定位事件 
 caseGpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STOPPED: 
 Log.d("Location","GPS_EVENT_STOPPED"); 
 break; 
 } 
 } 
 }; 
  
  
 //创建位置监听器 
 privateLocationListenerlocationListener=newLocationListener(){ 
 //位置发生改变时调用 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonLocationChanged(Locationlocation){ 
 Log.d("Location","onLocationChanged"); 
 } 
  
 //provider失效时调用 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonProviderDisabled(Stringprovider){ 
 Log.d("Location","onProviderDisabled"); 
 } 
  
 //provider启用时调用 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonProviderEnabled(Stringprovider){ 
 Log.d("Location","onProviderEnabled"); 
 } 
  
 //状态改变时调用 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonStatusChanged(Stringprovider,intstatus,Bundleextras){ 
 Log.d("Location","onStatusChanged"); 
 } 
 }; 
 } 

第三种主要是通过网络的方式来定位，引用文章地址： http://www.cnblogs.com/wisekingokok/archive/2011/09/05/2167755.html ，这里只写代码

[java]view plaincopy 
   
 packagecom.test; 
  
 importjava.io.IOException; 
 importjava.util.List; 
  
 importandroid.app.Activity; 
 importandroid.location.Address; 
 importandroid.location.Criteria; 
 importandroid.location.Geocoder; 
 importandroid.location.Location; 
 importandroid.location.LocationListener; 
 importandroid.location.LocationManager; 
 importandroid.os.Bundle; 
 importandroid.util.Log; 
 importandroid.widget.Toast; 
  
 publicclassMainActivityextendsActivity{ 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){ 
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
 setContentView(R.layout.main); 
  
 //获取到LocationManager对象 
 LocationManagerlocationManager=(LocationManager)getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE); 
 //创建一个Criteria对象 
 Criteriacriteria=newCriteria(); 
 //设置粗略精确度 
 criteria.setAccuracy(Criteria.ACCURACY_COARSE); 
 //设置是否需要返回海拔信息 
 criteria.setAltitudeRequired(false); 
 //设置是否需要返回方位信息 
 criteria.setBearingRequired(false); 
 //设置是否允许付费服务 
 criteria.setCostAllowed(true); 
 //设置电量消耗等级 
 criteria.setPowerRequirement(Criteria.POWER_HIGH); 
 //设置是否需要返回速度信息 
 criteria.setSpeedRequired(false); 
  
 //根据设置的Criteria对象，获取最符合此标准的provider对象 
 StringcurrentProvider=locationManager.getBestProvider(criteria,true); 
 Log.d("Location","currentProvider:"+currentProvider); 
 //根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息 
 LocationcurrentLocation=locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider); 
 //如果位置信息为null，则请求更新位置信息 
 if(currentLocation==null){ 
 locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider,0,0,locationListener); 
 } 
 //直到获得最后一次位置信息为止，如果未获得最后一次位置信息，则显示默认经纬度 
 //每隔10秒获取一次位置信息 
 while(true){ 
 currentLocation=locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider); 
 if(currentLocation!=null){ 
 Log.d("Location","Latitude:"+currentLocation.getLatitude()); 
 Log.d("Location","location:"+currentLocation.getLongitude()); 
 break; 
 }else{ 
 Log.d("Location","Latitude:"+0); 
 Log.d("Location","location:"+0); 
 } 
 try{ 
 Thread.sleep(10000); 
 }catch(InterruptedExceptione){ 
 Log.e("Location",e.getMessage()); 
 } 
 } 
  
 //解析地址并显示 
 GeocodergeoCoder=newGeocoder(this); 
 try{ 
 intlatitude=(int)currentLocation.getLatitude(); 
 intlongitude=(int)currentLocation.getLongitude(); 
 List<Address>list=geoCoder.getFromLocation(latitude,longitude,2); 
 for(inti=0;i<list.size();i++){ 
 Addressaddress=list.get(i); 
 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,address.getCountryName()+address.getAdminArea()+address.getFeatureName(),Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); 
 } 
 }catch(IOExceptione){ 
 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,e.getMessage(),Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); 
 } 
  
 } 
  
 //创建位置监听器 
 privateLocationListenerlocationListener=newLocationListener(){ 
 //位置发生改变时调用 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonLocationChanged(Locationlocation){ 
 Log.d("Location","onLocationChanged"); 
 Log.d("Location","onLocationChangedLatitude"+location.getLatitude()); 
 Log.d("Location","onLocationChangedlocation"+location.getLongitude()); 
 } 
  
 //provider失效时调用 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonProviderDisabled(Stringprovider){ 
 Log.d("Location","onProviderDisabled"); 
 } 
  
 //provider启用时调用 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonProviderEnabled(Stringprovider){ 
 Log.d("Location","onProviderEnabled"); 
 } 
  
 //状态改变时调用 
 @Override 
 publicvoidonStatusChanged(Stringprovider,intstatus,Bundleextras){ 
 Log.d("Location","onStatusChanged"); 
 } 
 }; 
 } 
 