在Android上实现Junit单元测试的四部曲

第一步：新建一个TestCase，记得要继承androidTestCase，才能有getContext()来获取当前的上下文变量，这在Android测试中很重要的，因为很多的Android api都需要context。

Java代码

2. publicclassTestMathextendsAndroidTestCase{
4. privateinti1;
5. privateinti2;
6. staticfinalStringLOG_TAG="MathTest";
8. @Override
9. protectedvoidsetUp()throwsException{
10. i1=2;
11. i2=3;
12. }
14. publicvoidtestAdd(){
15. assertTrue("testAddfailed",((i1+i2)==5));
16. }
18. publicvoidtestDec(){
19. assertTrue("testDecfailed",((i2-i1)==1));
20. }
22. @Override
23. protectedvoidtearDown()throwsException{
24. super.tearDown();
25. }
27. @Override
28. publicvoidtestAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly(){
29. super.testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly();
30. //Log.d(LOG_TAG,"testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly");
31. }
33. }

第二步：新建一个TestSuit，这个就继承Junit的TestSuite就可以了，注意这里是用的addTestSuite方法，一开始使用addTest方法就是不能成功。

Java代码

2. publicclassExampleSuiteextendsTestSuite{
4. publicExampleSuite(){
5. addTestSuite(TestMath.class);
6. }
8. }

第三步：新建一个Activity，用来启动单元测试，并显示测试结果。系统的AndroidTestRunner竟然什么连个UI界面也没有实现，这里只是最简单的实现了一个

Java代码

1. publicclassTestActivityextendsActivity{
3. privateTextViewresultView;
5. privateTextViewbarView;
7. privateTextViewmessageView;
9. privateThreadtestRunnerThread;
11. privatestaticfinalintSHOW_RESULT=0;
13. privatestaticfinalintERROR_FIND=1;
15. @Override
16. protectedvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){
17. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
18. setContentView(R.layout.main);
19. resultView=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.ResultView);
20. barView=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.BarView);
21. messageView=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.MessageView);
22. Buttonlunch=(Button)findViewById(R.id.LunchButton);
23. lunch.setOnClickListener(newView.OnClickListener(){
24. @Override
25. publicvoidonClick(Viewv){
26. startTest();
27. }
28. });
29. }
31. privatevoidshowMessage(Stringmessage){
32. hander.sendMessage(hander.obtainMessage(ERROR_FIND,message));
33. }
35. privatevoidshowResult(Stringtext){
36. hander.sendMessage(hander.obtainMessage(SHOW_RESULT,text));
37. }
39. privatesynchronizedvoidstartTest(){
40. if(testRunnerThread!=null
41. &&testRunnerThread.isAlive()){
42. testRunnerThread=null;
43. }
44. if(testRunnerThread==null){
45. testRunnerThread=newThread(newTestRunner(this));
46. testRunnerThread.start();
47. }else{
48. Toast.makeText(this,
49. "Testisstillrunning",
50. Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
51. }
52. }
54. publicHandlerhander=newHandler(){
55. publicvoidhandleMessage(Messagemsg){
56. switch(msg.what){
57. caseSHOW_RESULT:
58. resultView.setText(msg.obj.toString());
59. break;
60. caseERROR_FIND:
61. messageView.append(msg.obj.toString());
62. barView.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
63. break;
64. default:
65. break;
66. }
67. }
68. };
70. classTestRunnerimplementsRunnable,TestListener{
72. privateActivityparentActivity;
74. privateinttestCount;
76. privateinterrorCount;
78. privateintfailureCount;
80. publicTestRunner(ActivityparentActivity){
81. this.parentActivity=parentActivity;
82. }
84. @Override
85. publicvoidrun(){
86. testCount=0;
87. errorCount=0;
88. failureCount=0;
90. ExampleSuitesuite=newExampleSuite();
91. AndroidTestRunnertestRunner=newAndroidTestRunner();
92. testRunner.setTest(suite);
93. testRunner.addTestListener(this);
94. testRunner.setContext(parentActivity);
95. testRunner.runTest();
96. }
98. @Override
99. publicvoidaddError(Testtest,Throwablet){
100. errorCount++;
101. showMessage(t.getMessage()+"\n");
102. }
104. @Override
105. publicvoidaddFailure(Testtest,AssertionFailedErrort){
106. failureCount++;
107. showMessage(t.getMessage()+"\n");
108. }
110. @Override
111. publicvoidendTest(Testtest){
112. showResult(getResult());
113. }
115. @Override
116. publicvoidstartTest(Testtest){
117. testCount++;
118. }
120. privateStringgetResult(){
121. intsuccessCount=testCount-failureCount-errorCount;
122. return"Test:"+testCount+"Success:"+successCount+"Failed:"+failureCount+"Error:"+errorCount;
123. }
125. }
127. }

第四步：修改AndroidManifest.xml,加入，不然会提示找不到AndroidTestRunner，这里需要注意是这句话是放在applications下面的，我一开始也不知道，放错了地方，浪费了不少时间

Xml代码

1. xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
2. <manifestxmlns:Android="http://schemas.Android.com/apk/res/Android"
3. package="com.test.sample"
4. Android:versionCode="1"
5. Android:versionName="1.0">
6. <applicationAndroid:icon="@drawable/icon"Android:label="@string/app_name"Android:debuggable="true">
7. <activityAndroid:name=".TestActivity"
8. Android:label="@string/app_name">
9. <intent-filter>
10. <actionAndroid:name="Android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
11. <categoryAndroid:name="Android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
12. intent-filter>
13. activity>
14. <uses-libraryAndroid:name="Android.test.runner"/>
15. application>
16. <uses-sdkAndroid:minSdkVersion="4"/>
17. manifest>