A Introduction to Create a WebService using .NET

最新推荐文章于 2025-12-03 15:16:00 发布

最新推荐文章于 2025-12-03 15:16:00 发布 · 87 阅读

文章标签：

#.net #WebService #ASP.net #SOAP #ASP

本文介绍如何使用.NET在Visual Studio 2008中创建一个简单的Web服务应用，并演示了如何通过编写后台函数实现两个整数的减法运算，同时展示了SOAP 1.1和1.2、HTTP POST请求及响应示例。

A Introduction to Create a WebService using .NET

严竞雄
JingxiongYan@hotmail.com

首先在VS2008中新建一个ASP.NET Web服务应用程序将工程取名为WebService

将Service1.asmx中的代码修改如下

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using System.Xml.Linq;

namespace WebService
{
/// <summary>
/// Service1 summary
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = "http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/delphiscn")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[ToolboxItem(false)]
// [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
{

[WebMethod(Description="Return a Value")]
public int sub(int x,int y)
{
return x-y;
}

private void InitializeComponent()
{

}
}
}

在这里我们定义了一个sub函数用来取x、y的值并将其相减结果返回

好了现在后台的函数调用写好了先来测试一下在菜单栏中选择调试、启动调试或者直接按F5 当出现消息页面后选择单击sub

SOAP 1.1
以下是 SOAP 1.2 请求和响应示例。所显示的占位符需替换为实际值。

POST /Service1.asmx HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length
SOAPAction: http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/delphiscn/sub

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soap:Body>
<sub xmlns="http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/delphiscn">
<x>int</x>
<y>int</y>
</sub>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soap:Body>
<subResponse xmlns="http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/delphiscn">
<subResult>int</subResult>
</subResponse>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

SOAP 1.2
以下是 SOAP 1.2 请求和响应示例。所显示的占位符需替换为实际值。

POST /Service1.asmx HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
<soap12:Body>
<sub xmlns="http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/delphiscn">
<x>int</x>
<y>int</y>
</sub>
</soap12:Body>
</soap12:Envelope>

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
<soap12:Body>
<subResponse xmlns="http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/delphiscn">
<subResult>int</subResult>
</subResponse>
</soap12:Body>
</soap12:Envelope>

HTTP POST
以下是 HTTP POST 请求和响应示例。所显示的占位符需替换为实际值。

POST /Service1.asmx/sub HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: length

x=string&y=string
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<int xmlns="http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/delphiscn">int</int>

这里我们可以填写具体的x、y的数值并提交查看返回结果看是否有误如x可取10 y取6 单击调用他返回了一个XML页面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<int xmlns="http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/delphiscn">4</int>

到此一个完整的WebService应用已经写好并测试完毕接下来我们可以自己开发一个前台来接受用户输入并自己调用后来的服务

在项目中新建一个Web窗体画上三个TextBox和一个Button 具体代码如下

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebService.WebForm1" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
<title>Delphiscn Text Page</title>
<style type="text/css">
#Text1
{
width: 145px;
}
#Text2
{
width: 160px;
}
#form1
{
height: 348px;
}
</style>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
// <!CDATA[

function Button1_onclick() {

}

// ]]>
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div style="height: 0px">

</div>
<p>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox2" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
</p>
<p>
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" onclick="Button1_Click1"
Text="Button" />
                 
<asp:Button ID="Button2" runat="server" onclick="Button2_Click" Text="Button" />
                      
</p>
<p>
 <asp:Image ID="Image1" runat="server" Height="101px" Width="107px" />
</p>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox3" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
</form>
</body>
</html>

在WebForm1.aspx.cs中加入如下代码

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Xml.Linq;

namespace WebService
{
public partial class WebForm1 : System.Web.UI.Page
{

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

}

protected void Button1_Click1(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
WebService.Service1 my = new WebService.Service1();
int x = int.Parse(TextBox1.Text);
int y = int.Parse(TextBox2.Text);
int z = my.sub(x, y);
TextBox3.Text = z.ToString();
}

}
}

至此一个完整的WebService应用开发完毕