RMAN-06023 : no backup or copy of datafile found to restore 说明

RMAN的备份信息如下：

RMAN> list backupset summary;

List of Backups

===============

KeyTY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag

------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---

9b1a disk01-jun-1111nodave_lev1

10b1a disk01-jun-1111nodave_lev1

13baa disk01-jun-1111noarc_bak

14baa disk01-jun-1111noarc_bak

15baa disk01-jun-1111noarc_bak

16baa disk01-jun-1111noarc_bak

17baa disk01-jun-1111noarc_bak

18baa disk01-jun-1111noarc_bak

19baa disk01-jun-1111noarc_bak

20baa disk01-jun-1111noarc_bak

21baa disk01-jun-1111noarc_bak

22bfa disk01-jun-1111nobak_ctlfile

23bfa disk01-jun-1111nospfile

RMAN> crosscheck backup;

using channel ORA_DISK_1

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0cmdpuof_1_1_20110601 recid=9 stamp=752679695

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0bmdpuoe_1_1_20110601 recid=10 stamp=752679695

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0fmdpven_1_1_20110601 recid=13 stamp=752680408

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0gmdpven_1_1_20110601 recid=14 stamp=752680422

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0hmdpvj4_1_1_20110601 recid=15 stamp=752680549

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0imdpvj5_1_1_20110601 recid=16 stamp=752680582

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0jmdpvo4_1_1_20110601 recid=17 stamp=752680709

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0kmdpvo5_1_1_20110601 recid=18 stamp=752680721

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0mmdpvss_1_1_20110601 recid=19 stamp=752680863

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0lmdpvsr_1_1_20110601 recid=20 stamp=752680860

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0nmdpvv0_1_1_20110601 recid=21 stamp=752680929

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/ctl_file_0omdpvv7_1_1_20110601 recid=22 stamp=752680937

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_spfile_0pmdpvva_1_1_20110601 recid=23 stamp=752680939

Crosschecked 13 objects

但是restore validate的时候，报错：

RMAN>restore database validate;

Starting restore at 01-JUN-11

using channel ORA_DISK_1

RMAN-00571: =================================================

RMAN-00569: ===== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ====

RMAN-00571: ==========================================

RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 06/01/2011 21:21:28

RMAN-06026: some targets not found - aborting restore

RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 3 found to restore

RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 2 found to restore

RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 1 found to restore

一般来说，遇到这种问题是因为控制过旧，即控制文件中没有备份的信息。

比如在nocatalog模式下，备份数据文件之前，先备份控制文件，然后在备份数据库。在还原的时候，先还原还原控制文件，此时的控制文件中并没有包含RMAN备份的信息，这时进行恢复就会遇到RMAN-06023的错误。但我这里控制文件没有修改。所以不是这个原因造成。

google一下。有网友通过以下几种方法解决了这个问题：

1. shutdown abort。

2. crosscheck backup

3设置DBID

4.重建UNDO Tablespace

这几种方法是问题的一方面，不过我遇到的情况还有一个特殊性。就是我的RMAN采用了增量备份，但是我没有做0级备份，而是直接用1级备份。这种情况下，RMAN发现没有0级备份，所以此时的1级备份也相当于0级备份。

尝试重新做了一次0级备份，在次validate，居然ok了。

RMAN> RESTORE DATABASE VALIDATE;

Starting restore at 01-JUN-11

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev0_10mdqqtd_1_1_20110601

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev0_10mdqqtd_1_1_20110601 tag=DAVE_LEV0

channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev0_0vmdqqtd_1_1_20110601

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev0_0vmdqqtd_1_1_20110601 tag=DAVE_LEV0

channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

Finished restore at 01-JUN-11

正常情况下直接进行1级备份也是可以进行恢复的。所以不应该出现这种问题。所以在进行一次测试，就是使用1级备份进行恢复，看这种备份能否正常用于恢复。

到另一台单实例测试库上进行一下测试。上面这台是我的RAC测试库，折腾坏了，一时也没空去捣鼓。

备份脚本参考：

Nocatalog下的RMAN增量备份shell脚本

http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/tianlesoftware/archive/2011/01/26/6164931.aspx

先做一个1级备份：

RMAN> list backup summary;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backups

===============

keyty lv s device type completion time #pieces #copies compressed tag

------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---

5b1a disk02-jun-1111nodave_lev1

6b1a disk02-jun-1111nodave_lev1

9baa disk02-jun-1111noarc_bak

10baa disk02-jun-1111noarc_bak

11bfa disk02-jun-1111nobak_ctlfile

12bfa disk02-jun-1111nospfile

用restore进行一次验证：

RMAN> restore database validate;

Starting restore at 02-JUN-11

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=148 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_0amdrva4_1_1_20110602

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0amdrva4_1_1_20110602 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_09mdrva3_1_1_20110602

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_09mdrva3_1_1_20110602 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16

Finished restore at 02-JUN-11

居然没有报错，灵异事件啊。

灵异就灵异吧，继续验证下这个1级备份的恢复问题。

RMAN> shutdown immediate

database closed

database dismounted

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> startup mount;

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

database mounted

Total System Global Area239075328 bytes

Fixed Size1218700 bytes

Variable Size83887988 bytes

Database Buffers146800640 bytes

Redo Buffers7168000 bytes

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 02-JUN-11

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=157 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave1/undotbs01.dbf

restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave1/sysaux01.dbf

restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave1/example01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_0amdrva4_1_1_20110602

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0amdrva4_1_1_20110602 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave1/system01.dbf

restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave1/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_09mdrva3_1_1_20110602

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_09mdrva3_1_1_20110602 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35

Finished restore at 02-JUN-11

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 02-JUN-11

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:06

Finished recover at 02-JUN-11

RMAN> alter database open;

database opened

这种1级备份可以用来恢复。之前还遇到过一次rman过期备份集在自动备份脚本里用:delete noprompt expired backup;不能删除的问题。

有遇到这种情况的同学也可以说说。

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