Linux cp 命令正确的使用方法

Google出来的一些关于cp的中文的信息要么不正确，要么不完全。提供这个以供参考：

原文：http://linux.about.com/od/commands/l/blcmdl1_cp.htm

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Linux / Unix Command: cp

Command Library

NAME

cp - copy files and directories

SYNOPSIS

cp [OPTION ]... SOURCE DEST
cp [OPTION ]... SOURCE ... DIRECTORY
cp [OPTION ]... --target-directory=DIRECTORY SOURCE ...

DESCRIPTION

Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

-a , --archive

same as -dpR

--backup [= CONTROL ]

make a backup of each existing destination file

-b

like --backup but does not accept an argument

--copy-contents

copy contents of special files when recursive

-d

same as --no-dereference --preserve = link

--no-dereference

never follow symbolic links

-f , --force

if an existing destination file cannot be opened, remove it and try again

-i , --interactive

prompt before overwrite

-H

follow command-line symbolic links

-l , --link

link files instead of copying

-L , --dereference

always follow symbolic links

-p

same as --preserve = mode ,ownership,timestamps

--preserve [= ATTR_LIST ]

preserve the specified attributes (default: mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible additional attributes: links, all

--no-preserve = ATTR_LIST

don't preserve the specified attributes

--parents

append source path to DIRECTORY

-P

same as `--no-dereference'

-R , -r , --recursive

copy directories recursively

--remove-destination

remove each existing destination file before attempting to open it (contrast with --force )

--reply= {yes,no,query}

specify how to handle the prompt about an existing destination file

--sparse = WHEN

control creation of sparse files

--strip-trailing-slashes remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE

argument

-s , --symbolic-link

make symbolic links instead of copying

-S , --suffix = SUFFIX

override the usual backup suffix

--target-directory = DIRECTORY

move all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY

-u , --update

copy only when the SOURCE file is newer than the destination file or when the destination file is missing

-v , --verbose

explain what is being done

-x , --one-file-system

stay on this file system

--help

display this help and exit

--version

output version information and exit

By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and the corresponding DEST file is made sparse as well. That is the behavior selected by --sparse =auto . Specify --sparse =always to create a sparse DEST file whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes. Use --sparse =never to inhibit creation of sparse files.

The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:

none, off

never make backups (even if --backup is given)

numbered, t

make numbered backups

existing, nil

numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise

simple, never

always make simple backups

As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backup options are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing, regular file.

SEE ALSO

The full documentation for cp is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and cp programs are properly installed at your site, the command

info cp

should give you access to the complete manual.

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Important: Use the man command (% man ) to see how a command is used on your particular computer.