FreeBSD 最小化安装 ＋diablo-jdk ＋Apache 与 Tomcat 整合 ！

这篇文章算是补交很久之前的一篇作业，也顺便平息坛子里面很多同学的疑问！

我先说明一下配置环境的大概情况：

OS	FreeBSD 6.2-RELEASE
JDK	diablo-jdk-1.5.0.07.01
Apache	apache-2.2.3
Tomcat	tomcat-5.5.23

具体的版本信息显示如下：

[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_info apache-2.2.3 Version 2.2 of Apache web server with prefork MPM. bash-3.1.17 The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell cvsup-without-gui-16.1h_2 General network file distribution system optimized for CVS diablo-jdk-1.5.0.07.01 Java Development Kit 1.5.0_07.01 expat-2.0.0_1 XML 1.0 parser written in C fontconfig-2.3.2_6,1 An XML-based font configuration API for X Windows freetype2-2.2.1_1 A free and portable TrueType font rendering engine gettext-0.14.5_2 GNU gettext package gmake-3.81_1 GNU version of 'make' utility javavmwrapper-2.3 Wrapper script for various Java Virtual Machines libdrm-2.0.2 Userspace interface to kernel Direct Rendering Module servi libiconv-1.9.2_2 A character set conversion library mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 Apache JK module for connecting to Tomcat using AJP1X perl-5.8.8 Practical Extraction and Report Language pkg-config-0.21 A utility to retrieve information about installed libraries tomcat-5.5.23 Open-source Java web server by Apache, 5.5.x branch xorg-libraries-6.9.0 X11 libraries and headers from X.Org

好，来看看具体的做法吧！

第一步：安装FreeBSD，采取最小化安装的步骤。

这里没有什么特别的地方，只是提醒一下，安装完成后注意要更新到最新的ports tree ！

由于是最小化安装，所以需要通过 sysinstall 去把下面几个package安装上(via CD-ROM) ：

• cvsup-without-gui # 更新ports tree 需要
  
• perl # Perl当然是很多地方需要的... ^^!
  
• gmake # 安装mod_jk时需要
• bash # 我不熟C Shell，所以我另外安装了这个
  

完成安装后，更新ports tree，我使用了cvsup.FreeBSDChina.org 作为镜像！

第二步：安装 JDK －FreeBSD 发布的 JDK 1.5 软件包

罗嗦一句，从源代码编译JDK的时代已经过去了，我是懒人，所以喜欢用pkg_add ！

如果你想从ports来编译JDK，可以看看这里：FreeBSD中编译JDK

2.1 下载diablo-jdk的软件包：diablo-jdk-freebsd6.i386.1.5.0.07.01.tbz

2.2 查找diablo-jdk的依赖项：

[root@FreeBSD /usr/ports] $ make search name=diablo-jdk-1.5.0.07.01 Port: diablo-jdk-1.5.0.07.01 Path: /usr/ports/java/diablo-jdk15 Info: Java Development Kit 1.5.0_07.01 Maint: glewis@FreeBSD.org B-deps: expat-2.0.0_1 fontconfig-2.3.2_6,1 freetype2-2.2.1_1 libdrm-2.0.2 pkg-config-0.21 xorg-libraries-6.9.0 R-deps: expat-2.0.0_1 fontconfig-2.3.2_6,1 freetype2-2.2.1_1 javavmwrapper-2.3 libdrm-2.0.2 pkg-config-0.21 xorg-libraries-6.9.0 WWW: http://www.FreeBSDFoundation.org/downloads/java.shtml

可以看到有如下几个packages需要安装：

• expat-2.0.0_1
• fontconfig-2.3.2_6,1
• freetype2-2.2.1_1
• libdrm-2.0.2
• pkg-config-0.21
• xorg-libraries-6.9.0
• javavmwrapper-2.3

2.3 从网络安装diablo-jdk所需要的软件包 (并非ports的编译安装方式)

[root@FreeBSD ~] $ setenv PACKAGESITE ftp://ftp.freebsdchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6.2-release/Latest/ [root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r expat [root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r freetype [root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r fontconfig [root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r ... 省略 ... [root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r xorg-libraries [root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r javavmwrapper

注意：这里用pkg_add的时候，不带软件包的版本号！

* 有没有Debian/Ubuntu中的apt-get的感觉呀？ ^^!

2.4 安装diablo-jdk，直接找到我们下载的jdk软件包文件，用pkg_add添加：

[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add diablo-jdk-freebsd6.i386.1.5.0.07.01.tbz [root@FreeBSD ~] $ /usr/local/diablo-jdk1.5.0/bin/java -version java version "1.5.0" Java(TM) 2 Runtime Environment, Standard Edition (build diablo-1.5.0-b01) Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build diablo-1.5.0_07-b01, mixed mode)

提醒：

• 安装的时候，会出来SUN的许可协议，同意即可.
• 安装时会说javawmwrapper版本有点高，可以不用理会.

第三步：安装Tomcat

3.1 抓tomcat的档案下来：

[root@FreeBSD ~] $ cd /usr/ports/www/tomcat55 [root@FreeBSD tomcat55] $ make ===> Vulnerability check disabled, database not found => apache-tomcat-5.5.23.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/. => Attempting to fetch from http://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-5/v5.5.23/bin/. apache-tomcat-5.5.23.tar.gz 100% of 5837 kB 16 kBps 00m00s ===> Extracting for tomcat-5.5.23 => MD5 Checksum OK for apache-tomcat-5.5.23.tar.gz. => SHA256 Checksum OK for apache-tomcat-5.5.23.tar.gz. ===> Patching for tomcat-5.5.23 Installation settings: Destination directory: /usr/local/tomcat5.5 Location of JDK: /usr/local/diablo-jdk1.5.0 Location of Java port: java/diablo-jdk15 Running as (user/group): www/www HTTP port: 8180 Shutdown listener port: 8005 AJP 1.3 connector port: 8009 Logfile stdout: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/logs/stdout.log Logfile stderr: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/logs/stderr.log ===> Applying FreeBSD patches for tomcat-5.5.23 >> Removing unneeded files... [ DONE ] >> Customizing server.xml... [ DONE ] ===> Configuring for tomcat-5.5.23

3.2 安装tomcat

[root@FreeBSD tomcat55] $ make install ===> Installing for tomcat-5.5.23 ===> tomcat-5.5.23 depends on file: /usr/local/diablo-jdk1.5.0/bin/java - found ===> Generating temporary packing list ===> Checking if www/tomcat55 already installed >> Creating destination directory... [ DONE ] >> Copying files to destination directory... Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/Catalina/localhost/host-manager.xml Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/Catalina/localhost/manager.xml Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/catalina.policy Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/catalina.properties Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/context.xml Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/logging.properties Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/server-minimal.xml Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/server.xml Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/tomcat-users.xml Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/web.xml [ DONE ] >> Creating log files... [ DONE ] >> Creating symlink to tools.jar... [ DONE ]

第四步：安装Apache Web Server

[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r apache22 Fetching ftp://ftp.freebsdchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6.2-release/Latest/apache22.tbz...

第五步：Apache Web Server 与 Tomcat 的整合

5.1 必备的组件mod_jk的安装

[root@FreeBSD /usr/ports/www/mod_jk] $ make ===> Vulnerability check disabled, database not found => tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/. => Attempting to fetch from http://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/source/jk-1.2.21/. => Attempting to fetch from http://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/source/jk-1.2.21/. tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src.tar.gz 100% of 1303 kB 27 kBps 00m00s ===> Extracting for mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 => MD5 Checksum OK for tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src.tar.gz. => SHA256 Checksum OK for tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src.tar.gz. ===> Patching for mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 ===> Applying FreeBSD patches for mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 ===> mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 depends on file: /usr/local/sbin/apxs - found ===> mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 depends on executable in : gmake - found ===> mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 depends on file: /usr/local/sbin/apxs - found ===> Configuring for mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 ...省略 ... ...省略 ... ...省略 ... Making all in common gmake[1]: Entering directory `/usr/ports/www/mod_jk/work/tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src/native/common' gmake[1]: Nothing to be done for `all'. gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/www/mod_jk/work/tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src/native/common' Making all in apache-2.0 gmake[1]: Entering directory `/usr/ports/www/mod_jk/work/tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src/native/apache-2.0' gmake[1]: Nothing to be done for `all'. gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/www/mod_jk/work/tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src/native/apache-2.0' [root@FreeBSD /usr/ports/www/mod_jk] $ make install

5.2 编辑 /usr/local/etc/apache22/httpd.conf 文件，添加如下内容：

LoadModule jk_module libexec/apache/mod_jk.so

5.3 建立文件 /usr/local/etc/apache22/Includes/tomcat-apache.conf ，内容如下：

[root@FreeBSD Includes] $ cat tomcat-apache.conf JkWorkersFile /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/workers.properties JkLogFile /var/log/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel info JkMount /*.jsp ajp13 JkMount /jsp-examples/* ajp13 JkMount /servlets-examples/* ajp13 JkMount /servlet/* ajp13

* JkMount 是把tomcat中的URI与Apache的URI做一个映射，也就是说：

Apache 中的：http://localhost/jsp-examples/some-jsp-file.jsp
<---- 对应 --->
Tomcat 中的：http://localhost:<port>/jsp-examples/some-jsp-file.jsp

5.4 创建 mod_jk 的日志文件，并设定其归属的用户和组：

[root@FreeBSD ~] $ touch /var/log/mod_jk.log [root@FreeBSD ~] $ chown www:www /var/log/mod_jk.log

5.5 建立 /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/workers.properties 文件：

[root@FreeBSD ~] $ cat /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/workers.properties workers.tomcat_home=/usr/local/tomcat5.5 workers.java_home=/usr/local/diablo-jdk1.5.0 ps=/ worker.list=ajp12, ajp13 worker.ajp13.port=8009 worker.ajp13.host=localhost worker.ajp13.type=ajp13

5.5 更改 workers.properties 文件归属的用户和组：

[root@FreeBSD ~] $ chown www:www /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/workers.properties

5.6 确定 tomcat 配置文件 server.xml 中有开启AJP功能：

<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector --->
<Connector className="org.apache.ajp.tomcat4.Ajp13Connector"
port="8009" minProcessors="5" maxProcessors="75"
acceptCount="10" debug="0"/>

* 这段不能被注视掉！

第六步：进行测试

6.1 启动服务

[root@FreeBSD ~] $ /usr/local/etc/rc.d/tomcat55 onestart Starting tomcat55. [root@FreeBSD ~] $ /usr/local/etc/rc.d/apache22 onestart Performing sanity check on apache22 configuration: Syntax OK Starting apache22.

6.2 测试

http://localhost/ ---> 出现Apache的信息：It works!
http://localhost/index.jsp ---> 出现Tomcat欢迎页面

这样就说明Apache将JSP的处理交给了Tomcat进行了！