Struts1.x 的xml配置

1.新建一个web项目并加入Struts1.x的依赖库。

引用

commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar: 动态的获取/设值Java Bean的属性
commons-digester-1.8.jar: 基于规则的XML文档解析,主要用于XML到Java对象的映射
commons-fileupload-1.1.1.jar: struts中上传文件要用到
commons-validator-1.3.1.jar: struts的验证框架
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar:日志处理
commons-chain-1.2.jar： 处理HTTP请求处理的基础机制
struts-core-1.3.10.jar： struts的核心库
struts-extras-1.3.10.jar： struts的扩展库
oro-2.0.8.jar： 文本处理工具
antlr-2.7.2.jar：语法分析器

2.配置web.xml文件

Java 代码

1. <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <web-appversion="2.5"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
5. http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
6. <welcome-file-list>
7. <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
8. </welcome-file-list>
9. <!--StandardActionServletConfiguration-->
10. <servlet>
11. <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
12. <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
13. <!--以 下的几个init-param都可以不用配置-->
14. <init-param>
15. <!--
16. 缺 省情况下就是/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml，可以不用配置，只有当文件名称不是struts-config.xml或路径不在 WEB-INF下时需要配置
17. -->
18. <param-name>config</param-name>
19. <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
20. </init-param>
21. <init-param>
22. <!--表 示对servlet日志输出的等级-->
23. <param-name>debug</param-name>
24. <param-value>2</param-value>
25. </init-param>
26. <!--最 好留着，表示Servlet的初始化时间，在这里表示在tomcat启动的时候进行初始化-->
27. <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
28. </servlet>
31. <!--StandardActionServletMapping-->
32. <!--表 示servlet接收*.do的请求-->
33. <servlet-mapping>
34. <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
35. <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
36. </servlet-mapping>
37. </web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- Standard Action Servlet Configuration --> <servlet> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 以下的几个init-param都可以不用配置 --> <init-param> <!-- 缺省情况下就是/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml，可以不用配置，只有当文件名称不是struts-config.xml或路径不在WEB-INF下时需要配置 --> <param-name>config</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <!-- 表示对servlet日志输出的等级 --> <param-name>debug</param-name> <param-value>2</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 最好留着，表示Servlet的初始化时间，在这里表示在tomcat启动的时候进行初始化 --> <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping --> <!-- 表示servlet接收*.do的请求 --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>

3.在WEB-INF下加入struts-config.xml文件

Java 代码

1. <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
2. <!DOCTYPEstruts-configPUBLIC
3. "-//ApacheSoftwareFoundation//DTDStrutsConfiguration1.3//EN"
4. "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
5. <struts-config>
6. <form-beans>
7. <form-beanname="loginForm"type="com.yx.zzg.form.LoginActionForm"/>
8. </form-beans>
9. <!--配 置全局的转向，如果全局转向和局部转向都配有，会先找局部转向，局部转向没有找到才会去找全局转向-->
10. <!--
11. <global-forwards>
12. <forwardname="failure"path="/failure.jsp"/>
13. </global-forwards>
14. -->
15. <action-mappings>
16. <!--path 定义action的名字，一定要以“/”开头-->
17. <!--type 指定action类的完整路径-->
18. <!--name指定用的是哪个 ActionForm-->
19. <!--
20. struts 默认ActionForm放在session范围内，这里需要通过scope手动指定成request，所以在前台可以通过<%
21. LoginActionForm
22. laf=(LoginActionForm)request.getAttribute("loginForm");
23. %> 拿到ActionForm
24. -->
25. <!--指 定ActionForm中的validate是否执行，默认情况下是执行的-->
26. <!--
27. attribute 如果没有设置，在前台获取ActionForm就通过ActionForm的name来获取，如果设置了attribute就通过attribute的值 来获取
28. -->
29. <actionpath="/login"type="com.yx.zzg.action.LoginAction"
30. name="loginForm"scope="request"validate="false"attribute="loginForm">
31. <!--配 置转向，redirect属性默认为false，表示是请求转发，如果将其设置 为true则表示重定向-->
32. <forwardname="success"path="/success.jsp"/>
33. <forwardname="failure"path="/failure.jsp"/>
34. </action>
35. <!--
36. 指 定访问不存在页面，当访问一个不存在的页面时会跳到unknown.jsp页面，只对.do的 请求其作用。forward属性通常使用在没有具体的action实现的情况下，如一个转向
37. -->
38. <actionpath="/unknown"forward="/unknown.jsp"unknown="true"/>
39. </action-mappings>
40. </struts-config>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd"> <struts-config> <form-beans> <form-bean name="loginForm" type="com.yx.zzg.form.LoginActionForm" /> </form-beans> <!-- 配置全局的转向，如果全局转向和局部转向都配有，会先找局部转向，局部转向没有找到才会去找全局转向 --> <!-- <global-forwards> <forward name="failure" path="/failure.jsp" /> </global-forwards> --> <action-mappings> <!-- path定义action的名字，一定要以“/”开头 --> <!-- type指定action类的完整路径 --> <!-- name指定用的是哪个ActionForm --> <!-- struts默认ActionForm放在session范围内，这里需要通过scope手动指定成request，所以在前台可以通过<% LoginActionForm laf=(LoginActionForm)request.getAttribute("loginForm"); %>拿到ActionForm --> <!-- 指定ActionForm中的validate是否执行，默认情况下是执行的 --> <!-- attribute如果没有设置，在前台获取ActionForm就通过ActionForm的name来获取，如果设置了attribute就通过attribute的值来获取 --> <action path="/login" type="com.yx.zzg.action.LoginAction" name="loginForm" scope="request" validate="false" attribute="loginForm"> <!-- 配置转向，redirect属性默认为false，表示是请求转发，如果将其设置为true则表示重定向 --> <forward name="success" path="/success.jsp" /> <forward name="failure" path="/failure.jsp" /> </action> <!-- 指定访问不存在页面，当访问一个不存在的页面时会跳到unknown.jsp页面，只对.do的请求其作用。forward属性通常使用在没有具体的action实现的情况下，如一个转向 --> <action path="/unknown" forward="/unknown.jsp" unknown="true" /> </action-mappings> </struts-config>

4.编写ActionForm类

Java 代码

1. packagecom.yx.zzg.form;
3. importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
5. importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionErrors;
6. importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
7. importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
9. /**
10. *登 录的ActionForm.
11. *ActionForm 是做数据收集的
12. *ActionForm 中的属性必须和表单输入域的名称一致
13. *@authortoshiba
14. *
15. */
16. publicclassLoginActionFormextendsActionForm{
18. privateStringusername;
20. privateStringpassword;
22. publicStringgetUsername(){
23. returnusername;
24. }
26. publicvoidsetUsername(Stringusername){
27. this.username=username;
28. }
30. publicStringgetPassword(){
31. returnpassword;
32. }
34. publicvoidsetPassword(Stringpassword){
35. this.password=password;
36. }
38. @Override
39. publicvoidreset(ActionMappingmapping,HttpServletRequestrequest){
40. System.out.println("----------LoginActionForm.reset()---------");
41. }
43. @Override
44. publicActionErrorsvalidate(ActionMappingmapping,
45. HttpServletRequestrequest){
46. System.out.println("----------LoginActionForm.validate()---------");
47. returnnull;
48. }
50. }

package com.yx.zzg.form; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionErrors; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping; /** * 登录的ActionForm. * ActionForm是做数据收集的 * ActionForm中的属性必须和表单输入域的名称一致 * @author toshiba * */ public class LoginActionForm extends ActionForm { private String username; private String password; public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } @Override public void reset(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request) { System.out.println("----------LoginActionForm.reset()---------"); } @Override public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request) { System.out.println("----------LoginActionForm.validate()---------"); return null; } }

5.编写异常类

Passworderrorexception.java 代码

1. packagecom.yx.zzg.exception;
3. publicclassPasswordErrorExceptionextendsRuntimeException{
5. }

package com.yx.zzg.exception; public class PasswordErrorException extends RuntimeException { }

Usernotfoundexception.java 代码

1. packagecom.yx.zzg.exception;
3. publicclassUserNotFoundExceptionextendsRuntimeException{
5. }

package com.yx.zzg.exception; public class UserNotFoundException extends RuntimeException { }

6.编写业务类

Java 代码

1. packagecom.yx.zzg.service;
3. importcom.yx.zzg.exception.PasswordErrorException;
4. importcom.yx.zzg.exception.UserNotFoundException;
6. publicclassUserManager{
7. privatestaticUserManagerinstance=newUserManager();
8. privateUserManager(){
10. }
11. publicstaticUserManagergetInstance(){
12. returninstance;
13. }
15. publicvoidlogin(Stringusername,Stringpassword){
16. if(!"zzg".equals(username)){
17. thrownewUserNotFoundException();
18. }
19. if(!"zzg".equals(password)){
20. thrownewPasswordErrorException();
21. }
22. }
24. }

package com.yx.zzg.service; import com.yx.zzg.exception.PasswordErrorException; import com.yx.zzg.exception.UserNotFoundException; public class UserManager { private static UserManager instance=new UserManager(); private UserManager(){ } public static UserManager getInstance(){ return instance; } public void login(String username,String password){ if(!"zzg".equals(username)){ throw new UserNotFoundException(); } if(!"zzg".equals(password)){ throw new PasswordErrorException(); } } }

7.编写Action类

Java 代码

1. packagecom.yx.zzg.action;
3. importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
4. importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
6. importorg.apache.struts.action.Action;
7. importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
8. importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
9. importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
11. importcom.yx.zzg.exception.PasswordErrorException;
12. importcom.yx.zzg.exception.UserNotFoundException;
13. importcom.yx.zzg.form.LoginActionForm;
14. importcom.yx.zzg.service.UserManager;
16. publicclassLoginActionextendsAction{
18. publicActionForwardexecute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionFormform,
19. HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse)
20. throwsException{
21. StringerrorInfo="";
22. LoginActionFormlaf=(LoginActionForm)form;
23. Stringusername=laf.getUsername();
24. Stringpassword=laf.getPassword();
25. //if("zzg".equals(username)&&"zzg".equals(password)){
26. //request.setAttribute("username",username);
27. //returnmapping.findForward("success");
28. //}else{
29. //returnmapping.findForward("failure");
30. //}
31. try{
32. UserManager.getInstance().login(username,password);
33. //request.setAttribute("username",username);
34. returnmapping.findForward("success");
35. }catch(UserNotFoundExceptionfnfe){
36. fnfe.printStackTrace();
37. errorInfo="用户名无效";
38. }catch(PasswordErrorExceptionpee){
39. pee.printStackTrace();
40. errorInfo="密码错误";
41. }
42. request.setAttribute("errorInof",errorInfo);
43. returnmapping.findForward("failure");
44. }
46. }

package com.yx.zzg.action; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.struts.action.Action; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping; import com.yx.zzg.exception.PasswordErrorException; import com.yx.zzg.exception.UserNotFoundException; import com.yx.zzg.form.LoginActionForm; import com.yx.zzg.service.UserManager; public class LoginAction extends Action { public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { String errorInfo=""; LoginActionForm laf = (LoginActionForm) form; String username = laf.getUsername(); String password = laf.getPassword(); // if ("zzg".equals(username) && "zzg".equals(password)) { // request.setAttribute("username", username); // return mapping.findForward("success"); // } else { // return mapping.findForward("failure"); // } try{ UserManager.getInstance().login(username, password); //request.setAttribute("username", username); return mapping.findForward("success"); }catch(UserNotFoundException fnfe){ fnfe.printStackTrace(); errorInfo="用户名无效"; }catch(PasswordErrorException pee){ pee.printStackTrace(); errorInfo="密码错误"; } request.setAttribute("errorInof", errorInfo); return mapping.findForward("failure"); } }

6.登录测试页面

Java 代码

1. <%@pagelanguage="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
2. <html>
3. <head>
4. <title> 登录</title>
5. </head>
7. <body>
8. <formaction="login.do"method="post">
9. 用 户名：
10. <inputname="username"type="text"/>
11. 密 码：
12. <inputname="password"type="password"/>
13. <inputtype="submit"value=" 登录"/>
14. </form>
15. </body>
16. </html>