在Struts2中,动作类虽然继承ActionSupport类,可以直接写我们自己定义的方法,但是却不能像在Struts1中,对reques/response/application/HttpServletRequest等等一些Web元素进行操作,所以Struts2提供了RequestAware,SessionAware,ApplicationAware/ServletRequestAware....接口.
实现这些接口就可以对其进行想要的操作了.
package actions;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ApplicationAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import enetitys.Student;
public class StudentAction extends ActionSupport implements RequestAware,SessionAware,ApplicationAware,ModelDriven<Student>{
private Student student=new Student();
@Override
public Student getModel() {
return student;
}
//实现了RequestAware,SessionAware,ApplicationAware接口的类.
//谁调用执行这个action,谁就来初始化这些值
private Map<String,Object> request;
private Map<String,Object> session;
private Map<String,Object> application;
@Override
public void setApplication(Map<String, Object> application) {
this.application=application;
}
@Override
public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
this.request=request;
}
@Override
public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) {
this.session=session;
}
public String delete(){
request.put("list", "把一个集合的数据删掉");
return "delete";
}
Action中实现RequestAware,SessionAware,ApplicationAware接口,
实现这些接口,都会有相对应的setXXX()方法.就是说谁来执行这个action中的相应方法,
谁就对这些个对象进行初始化(Spring中的注入).也就是Struts2为我们进行了初始化,所以这三个值都不需要自己初始化.
Delete.jsp页面中通过el表达式访问request中存放的key为list的值
<body>
${request.list}
</body>
页面访问的时候:

还有一种方法,但是需要依赖于Struts2.也就是上一篇日志中,访问栈中的Stack Context属性值,
只需要在action中定义相应名称的Map集合,在构造函数或一个什么方法中进行取值就行,在当前action的运行环境中取值:
private Map request;
private Map session;
private Map application;
public UserAction(){
request=(Map)ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
session=ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
application=ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
}
******************************************************************
Struts2中访问web元素的四种方式及前台jsp页面获取后台值的方式
四种方式:
1. 通过ActionContext来访问request,session,application对象
2. 通过实现RequestAware、SessionAware、ApplicationAware接口来访问request,session,application对象
3. 通过ServletActionContext来访问request,session,application对象
4. 通过实现ServletRequestAware接口来访问request,session,application对象
演示代码:
方式一:
/** * 通过ActionContext来访问request,session,application对象 * @author 健 */ public class UserAction1 extends ActionSupport{ /** * 序列化 */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * request */ private Map <String,Object>request; /** * response */ private Map <String,Object>session; /** * application */ private Map <String,Object>application; /** * 添加用户 * @return 用户是否添加成功 */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public String execute(){ System.out.println("通过ActionContext来访问request,session,application对象"); // 初始化 request = (Map<String,Object>)ActionContext.getContext().get("request"); session = ActionContext.getContext().getSession(); application = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication(); // 赋值 request.put("requestKey", "requestValue"); session.put("sessionKey", "sessionValue"); application.put("applicationKey", "applicationValue"); return "success"; } }
方式二:
/** * 通过实现RequestAware、SessionAware、ApplicationAware接口来访问request,session,application对象 * @author 健 */ public class UserAction2 extends ActionSupport implements RequestAware,SessionAware,ApplicationAware{ /** * 序列化 */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * request */ private Map <String,Object>request; /** * response */ private Map <String,Object>session; /** * application */ private Map <String,Object>application; /** * 控制器 */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public String execute(){ System.out.println("通过实现RequestAware、SessionAware、ApplicationAware接口来访问request,session,application对象"); // 赋值 request.put("requestKey", "requestValue"); session.put("sessionKey", "sessionValue"); application.put("applicationKey", "applicationValue"); return "success"; } /* * 实现RequestAware中的方法 */ @Override public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) { this.request = request; } /* * 实现ApplicationAware中的方法 */ @Override public void setApplication(Map<String, Object> application) { this.application = application; } /* * 实现SessionAware中的方法 */ @Override public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) { this.session = session; } }
方式三:
+/** * 通过ServletActionContext来访问request,session,application对象 * @author 健 */ public class UserAction3 extends ActionSupport{ /** * 序列化 */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * request */ private HttpServletRequest request; /** * response */ private HttpSession session; /** * application */ private ServletContext application; /** * 控制器 */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public String execute(){ System.out.println("通过ServletActionContext来访问request,session,application对象"); // 初始化 request = ServletActionContext.getRequest(); session = request.getSession(); application = session.getServletContext(); // 赋值 request.setAttribute("requestKey", "requestValue"); session.setAttribute("sessionKey", "sessionValue"); application.setAttribute("applicationKey", "applicationValue"); return "success"; } }
方式四:
/** * 通过实现ServletRequestAware接口来访问request,session,application对象 * @author 健 */ public class UserAction4 extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware{ /** * 序列化 */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * request */ private HttpServletRequest request; /** * response */ private HttpSession session; /** * application */ private ServletContext application; /** * 控制器 */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public String execute(){ System.out.println("通过实现ServletRequestAware接口来访问request,session,application对象"); // 赋值 request.setAttribute("requestKey", "requestValue"); session.setAttribute("sessionKey", "sessionValue"); application.setAttribute("applicationKey", "applicationValue"); return "success"; } /* * 实现ServletRequestAware接口中的方法 */ @Override public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) { this.request = request; this.session = request.getSession(); this.application = session.getServletContext(); } }
上面的action配套的struts.xml及jsp页面
struts.xml
<struts> <!-- 配置开发模式:修改不用重启服务器 --> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"/> <package name="" namespace="/login" extends="struts-default"> <action name="login*" class="com.wj.struts2.action.UserAction{1}"> <result name="success">/success.jsp</result> <result name="failure">/failure.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>Struts2_AccessWebElements</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" mce_href="styles.css"> --> <mce:script language="javascript"><!-- function sub(str){ document.form1.action = str; document.form1.submit(); } // --></mce:script> </head> <body> <form name="form1"> <div> Struts2中访问web元素的四种方式<br> 方式一:<input type="button" value="submit1" οnclick="sub('<%=basePath%>login/login1')"><br> 方式二:<input type="button" value="submit2" οnclick="sub('<%=basePath%>login/login2')"><br> 方式三:<input type="button" value="submit3" οnclick="sub('<%=basePath%>login/login3')"><br> 方式四:<input type="button" value="submit4" οnclick="sub('<%=basePath%>login/login4')"><br> </div> </form> </body> </html>
success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>Struts2_AccessWebElements</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" mce_href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> requestKey---<s:property value="#request.requestKey"/>|<%=request.getAttribute("requestKey")%><br> sessionKey---<s:property value="#session.sessionKey"/>|<%=session.getAttribute("sessionKey")%><br> applicationKey---<s:property value="#application.applicationKey"/>|<%=application.getAttribute("applicationKey")%><br> -------------------------------------------- <s:debug></s:debug> </body> </html>
前台jsp页面获取后台值的方式
<s:property value="#request.requestKey"/>|<%=request.getAttribute("requestKey")%>
<s:property value="#session.sessionKey"/>|<%=session.getAttribute("sessionKey")%>
<s:property value="#application.applicationKey"/>|<%=application.getAttribute("applicationKey")%>