这段时间看bitwise operator,看到一个题目转过来

本文解析了一道Java笔试题,详细解释了如何通过补码运算得出int类型变量的负数表示及取反操作的结果。
   1. //请教一个笔试题,:  
   2.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
   3.         // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
   4.         int i= 0xFFFFFFFA;  
   5.         int j=~i;  
   6.         System.out.println(i);  
   7.         System.out.println(j);  
   8.     }  
   9. /*结果为什么是: 
  10. -6 
  11. 5 
  12. 为什么*/  

 

Answer:

引用

int i= 0xFFFFFFFA;


最高位F对应的2进制表示为1111,int是带符号的整数,最高位为1表示是个负数,负数在电脑中用补码表示,那就要计算出0xFFFFFFFA的补码。

原码=1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1010
补码=1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 还要+1就等于
     1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0110
第一个1表示负数,后面0110就是6 ,那么结果就是-6

引用

int j=~i;


~ 符号表示取反
i=1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1010 ,取反则为
j=0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 就等于5了。

# T573347 「FAOI-R8」Jueves ## 题目背景 ![](bilibili:BV1ox411C77Z) ## 题目描述 小 A 给了你一张 $n$ 个点的无向完全图,每个点有权值,第 $i$ 个点的权值为 $a_i$。连接 $(u,v)$ 的边的权值为 $(a_u\operatorname{xor}a_v)+(a_u\operatorname{or}a_v)+(a_u\operatorname{and}a_v)$,其中 $\operatorname{xor},\operatorname{or},\operatorname{and}$ 分别是二进制下的按位异或、按位或和按位与。 定义一条路径的权值为经过的边的权值和。给出 $s,t$,求出从 $s$ 出发到 $t$ 的路径的最小权值。 ## 输入格式 **本题每测试点内含多组数据。** 第一行一个整数 $T$ 代表数据组数。 **请用 CaT 变量来表示数据组数。** 对于每组测试数据: - 第一行三个正整数 $n,s,t$,表示点数、起点与终点。 - 第二行 $n$ 个整数,第 $i$ 个是 $a_i$,表示第 $i$ 个点的权值。 ## 输出格式 对于每组测试数据,输出一行一个整数表示答案。 ## 输入输出样例 #1 ### 输入 #1 ``` 4 2 1 2 1 2 3 1 3 1 2 3 8 1 7 1 4 0 2 5 8 4 6 7 1 1 2 0 0 4 3 1 1 ``` ### 输出 #1 ``` 6 6 10 0 ``` ## 说明/提示 **【样例解释】** 对于第一组数据,唯一的路径是 $1\to 2$,权值为 $(1\operatorname{xor}2)+(1\operatorname{or}2)+(1\operatorname{and}2)=3+3+0=6$。 对于第二组数据,一种最优的路径是 $1\to 3$,权值为 $(1\operatorname{xor}3)+(1\operatorname{or}3)+(1\operatorname{and}3)=2+3+1=6$。 对于第三组数据,一种最优的路径是 $1\to 7$,权值为 $(1\operatorname{xor}4)+(1\operatorname{or}4)+(1\operatorname{and}4)=5+5+0=10$。 **【数据范围】** **本题开启子任务捆绑测试。** - Subtask 1(40 pts):$n\le 10$,$\sum n\le 10^3$。 - Subtask 2(30 pts):$a_i\le 10^3$。 - Subtask 3(30 pts):无特殊限制。 记 $\sum n$ 为单测试点内每组测试数据 $n$ 之和。 对于所有数据,$1\le T\le 10^5$,$1\le n,\sum n\le 5\times 10^5$,$0\le a_i\le 10^{18}$,$1\le s,t\le n$。
10-08
1. List the six main biwise operators in C++ and explain the function of each. 2. Why cannot bitwise operations be applied to variables of floating-point type? 3. Explain the purpose of the << (left shift) and >> (right shift) operators. What is the typical effect on the decimal value of a number when it is shifted left by 1? Shifted right by 1? 4. Describe the process of using a mask to check the value of a specific bit within an
integer. 5. How can you use the bitwise AND operator (&) to check if a number is even or odd?
Explain the logic. 6. What is the difference between the logical AND (&&) and the bitwise AND (&)? Provide an example scenario for each. 7. Explain the purpose of the ~ (bitwise NOT) operator. What is the result of applying it to a mask, and how can this be useful? 1. What is the primary goal of program debugging? What types of errors can it help identify? 2. Describe the difference between Step Over (F10) and Step Into (F11) debugging commands. When would you choose one over the other? 3. What is the purpose of a breakpoint in planned debugging? How do you set and remove a breakpoint in Visual Studio? 4. Explain the utility of the "Watch" window compared to the "Autos" or "Locals" windows during a debugging session. 5. What is the key difference between the Debug and Release configurations when building a project? Why is it necessary to create a Release version after successful debugging? 6. List at least three types of files commonly found in a project's Debug folder and briefly state their purpose (e.g., *.pdb). 7. During debugging, you notice a variable has an incorrect value. How can you change its value during runtime to test a hypothesis without modifying the source code? 8. What command is used to exit the debug mode and stop the current debugging session? 1. What is an array in C++? List its three main characteristics. 2. How are array elements numbered in C++? What is the valid index range for an array declared as int data[25];? 3. Explain the difference between array declaration and initialization. Provide an example of each. 4. What is an initializer list? What happens if the initializer list is shorter than the array size? 5. How can you let the compiler automatically determine the size of an array during initialization? 6. What values do elements of a local array contain if it is declared but not explicitly initialized? How does this differ from a global array? 7. What is an array out-of-bounds error? Why is it dangerous, and what are its potential consequences? 8. How do you calculate the number of elements in an array using the sizeof operator?
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How does this affect element access? 7. Why are nested loops the standard tool for processing multidimensional arrays?
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最新发布
11-23
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