本文介绍如何使用SSH框架结合Maven技术，实现图片的添加、查询及显示功能，包括数据库配置、Spring整合、Struts2集成、图片上传与展示等关键步骤。
使用SSH框架，并且结合Maven来实现图片的添加与查询显示功能。
1、整个功能的结构如图所示：在Java类中包含了action（控制层）、model（模型层）、service（接口）、serviceImpl（接口的实现类），还包括Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml，Spring依赖注入配置文件applicationContext_bean.xml，Spring对数据库链接的配置文件applicationContext_db.xml，Struts2的配置文件struts.xml，初始化工程配置信息的web.xml，Maven的配置文件pom.xml。还包括添加图片页码inputphoto.jsp，添加图片成功页面add_success.jsp，查询图片outputphoto.jsp，显示查询出的页面out.jsp。
2、配置pom.xml文件，导入SSH的jar包。如果你没有用到Maven技术，这一步可以跳过不用看。但是你要用合适的方法导入SSh的jar包。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><!-- 版本号，自己定义 -->
<groupId>price</groupId> <!-- 组的ID -->
<artifactId>photo</artifactId><!-- 此工程对应的ID，一个 groupId下面可以有多个不同名的artifactId-->
<packaging>war</packaging> <!-- 有jar和war。war定义工程，定义为jar可以被其他的工程引用 -->
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>photo Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<build>
<finalName>photo</finalName> <!-- 工程名 -->
</build>
<dependencies>
<!-- struts包 -->
<!-- struts2核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>2.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- struts2与spring整合的包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 在 Struts2中要使用 Ajax获得Json数据。要使用Ajax必须引用此Jar -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-json-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Hibernate包 -->
<!-- Hibernate核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>3.5.6-Final</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring3可选的依赖注入，不可缺少 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 扩展Java类与实现Java接口 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
<version>2.1_3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 运用Log4j必须用到这个包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring包 -->
<!-- Spring核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
<version>2.5.6</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring在WEB上的MVC框架上加上这个包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>2.5.6</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据源、驱动、日志、工具类包 -->
<!-- log4j日志包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.16</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- jsp接口 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- JDBC连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Oracle数据库JDBC连接包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>private.oracle</groupId>
<artifactId>ojdbc</artifactId>
<version>10.2.0.2.0</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet接口 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3、配置web.xml文件初始化工程配置信息，主要包括配置Struts2过滤器和Spring监听和定位applicationContext.xml的物理位置。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!-- Sttuts2过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 监听器Spring -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 定位applicationContext.xml的物理位置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>
4、配置applicationContext.xml的文件，指向依赖注入的Spring文件和数据库配置的Spring文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<import resource="applicationContext_bean.xml"/>
<import resource="applicationContext_db.xml"/>
</beans>
5、在Oracle中表创建表Photo，包含2个字段：主键ID类型为VARCHAR2(20)，存储照片的字段ZP类型为BLOB。
6、在Model中创建类Photo.java
package model;
public class Photo {
private String id;//ID主键
private byte[] zp;//照片
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public byte[] getZp() {
return zp;
}
public void setZp(byte[] zp) {
this.zp = zp;
}
}
7、根据Photo.java产生映射文件Photo.hbm.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2013-5-3 20:42:59 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="model.Photo" table="PHOTO">
<id name="id" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="ID" />
<generator class="assigned" />
</id>
<property name="zp">
<column name="ZP" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
8、配置applicationContext_db.xml文件以连接Oracle数据库
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<!-- 用Bean定义数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<!-- 定义数据库驱动 -->
<property name="driverClass">
<value>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</value>
</property>
<!-- 定义数据库URL -->
<property name="jdbcUrl">
<value>jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl</value>
</property>
<!-- 定义数据库的用户名 -->
<property name="user">
<value>lhq</value>
</property>
<!-- 定义数据库的密码 -->
<property name="password">
<value>lhq</value>
</property>
<property name="minPoolSize">
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property name="maxPoolSize">
<value>40</value>
</property>
<property name="maxIdleTime">
<value>1800</value>
</property>
<property name="acquireIncrement">
<value>2</value>
</property>
<property name="maxStatements">
<value>0</value>
</property>
<property name="initialPoolSize">
<value>2</value>
</property>
<property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod">
<value>1800</value>
</property>
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts">
<value>30</value>
</property>
<property name="breakAfterAcquireFailure">
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property name="testConnectionOnCheckout">
<value>false</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!--定义Hibernate的SessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 定义SessionFactory必须注入dataSource -->
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<!-- 定义Hibernate的SessionFactory属性 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect
</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 定义POJO的映射文件 -->
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>model/Photo.hbm.xml</value> <!-- Hibernate的映射文件 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务拦截器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" /><!-- 接口实现类的方法，命名必须以这些开头才有效 -->
<tx:method name="find*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
expression="execution(* PhotoServiceImpl..*.*(..))" /><!-- 接口实现类的路径 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
9、编写接口PhotoService.java
package service;
import model.Photo;
public interface PhotoService {
// 插入照片
public void save(Photo photo);
//根据ID查询照片
public Photo find(String xh);
}10、编写接口的实现类PhotoServiceImpl.java
package serviceimpl;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import service.PhotoService;
import model.Photo;
public class PhotoServiceImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements PhotoService{
public void save(Photo photo) {
this.getHibernateTemplate().save(photo);//保存照片
}
public Photo find(String xh) {//根据ID 获取照片信息
List list=this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from Photo where id=?",xh);
if(list.size()>0)
return (Photo) list.get(0);
else
return null;
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<!-- 业务层Service -->
<bean id="photoService" class="serviceimpl.PhotoServiceImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory">
<ref bean="sessionFactory"></ref>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 控制层Action -->
<bean id="PhotoAction" class="action.PhotoAction">
<property name="photoServices">
<ref bean="photoService" />
</property>
</bean>
</beans>12、编写控制层PhotoAction.java
package action;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.imageio.stream.FileImageInputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import model.Photo;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import service.PhotoService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class PhotoAction extends ActionSupport {
private Photo photo;
private PhotoService photoServices;//接口photoServices依赖注入 photoServices的名称必须和application_bean中名称一致
private File zpfile;//文档，存放照片
//插入id和照片
public String addPhoto() throws Exception{
Photo stu=new Photo();
stu.setId(photo.getId());//ID主键
System.out.println("照片");
if(this.getZpfile()!=null){//照片处理
FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream((File) this.getZpfile());
byte[] buffer=new byte[fis.available()];
fis.read(buffer);
stu.setZp(buffer);
}
photoServices.save(stu);//保存信息
return SUCCESS;
}
//根据ID获取照片
public String findPhoto() throws Exception {
String zp = photo.getId();
Photo zhaopian = photoServices.find(zp);
Map request = (Map) ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
request.put("photo", zhaopian);
return SUCCESS;
}
//获取图片
public String getImage() throws Exception {
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
String zp = photo.getId();//获取照片Id
Photo photos = photoServices.find(zp);//根据Id获取照片
byte[] img = photos.getZp();//获照片
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
ServletOutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
if (img != null && img.length != 0) {//输出照片
for (int i = 0; i < img.length; i++) {
os.write(img[i]);
}
os.flush();
}
return NONE;
}
public Object getZpfile() {
return zpfile;
}
public void setZpfile(File zpfile) {
this.zpfile = zpfile;
}
public Photo getPhoto() {
return photo;
}
public void setPhoto(Photo photo) {
this.photo = photo;
}
public PhotoService getPhotoServices() {
return photoServices;
}
public void setPhotoServices(PhotoService photoServices) {
this.photoServices = photoServices;
}
}
13、编写图片添加页码inputphoto.jsp
<%@page import="java.util.Date"%>
<%@page import="java.text.SimpleDateFormat"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#d9dfaa">
<hr width="700" align="left">
<h3>插入照片</h3>
<s:form action="addPhoto" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><s:textfield name="photo.id" label="照片ID" value=""></s:textfield>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><s:file name="zpfile" label="照片" value=""></s:file></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
<input type="submit" value="添加">
<input type="reset" value="重置">
</s:form>
<hr width="700" align="left">
</body>
</html>14、编程图片添加成功页码add_success.jsp
<%@page import="java.util.Date"%>
<%@page import="java.text.SimpleDateFormat"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#d9dfaa">
添加成功
</body>
</html>15、编写图片查询页码
<%@page import="java.util.Date"%>
<%@page import="java.text.SimpleDateFormat"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#d9dfaa">
<hr width="700" align="left">
<h3>查询图片</h3>
<s:form action="findPhoto" method="post">
<table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><s:textfield name="photo.id" label="照片ID" value=""></s:textfield>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
<input type="submit" value="确定">
<input type="reset" value="重置">
</s:form>
<hr width="700" align="left">
</body>
</html>16、编写图片现实页码out.jsp
<%@page import="java.util.Date"%>
<%@page import="java.text.SimpleDateFormat"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#d9dfaa">
<h3>输出照片：</h3>
<s:set name="photo" value="#request.photo"></s:set>
<s:form action="photoInfo.action" method="post">
<table border="0" cellpadding="5">
<tr>
<td>照片ID：</td>
<td width="100"><s:property value="#photo.id" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>照片：</td>
<td rowspan="6"><img
src="getImage.action?photo.id=<s:property value="#photo.id"/>" with="300" height="400"><!-- 根据情况调整照片大小 -->
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>17、开启工程进行测试，输入网址：http://localhost:8080/photo/inputphoto.jsp可见到如图所示：
18、输入一个没有重复的ID主键，并且选择一张图片
19、打开对应的Oracle数据库表，找到Photo这张表，点击ZP字段
20、打开页面http://localhost:8080/photo/outputphoto.jsp 输入刚才插入的照片ID：123
21、实现功能，到此结束。
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