tomcat 日志 java.util.logging.Logger使用 (一)

本文详细介绍了Java SDK自带的日志配置文件位置、启用方式及关键配置信息,包括日志处理方式、输出文件命名规则、配置文件读取过程等,并提供了logging.properties文件的完整示例。同时,文中还讨论了日志配置常见问题及其解决方案。


1:java sdk 自带的logger配置文件位于 sdk home目录下:

jdk1.6.0_25\jre\lib\logging.properties

2:启用该日志配置有两种方式

1)用java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=myfile属性

java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=myfile  JavaClass
2)在程序中初始化LogManager ,该方式也适用于基于Tomcat等web项目

LogManager logManager = LogManager.getLogManager();
		InputStream in;
		try {
			in = new FileInputStream(LoggerUtils.class.getResource("/").getPath()
					+ "conf/logging.properties");
			logManager.readConfiguration(in);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

logger的主要配置信息如下:

handlers 用户配置log的处理方式,主要有java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler 用于往控制台打印信息

还有一个java.util.logging.FileHandler用于往文件中写数据

handlers= java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
# To also add the FileHandler, use the following line instead.
#handlers= java.util.logging.FileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
java.util.logging.FileHandler.pattern = %h/java%u.log 为生成的输出文件名称指定一个模式。
模式由包括以下特殊组件的字符串组成,则运行时要替换这些组件:
  • "/" 本地路径名分隔符
  • "%t" 系统临时目录
  • "%h" "user.home" 系统属性的值 (win系统会在c:/users/username目录下)
  • "%g" 区分循环日志的生成号
  • "%u" 解决冲突的惟一号码
  • "%%" 转换为单个百分数符号"%"

1):该属性可以写绝对路径 如c:/xxxxx/java%u.log 但是不能写c:/java%u.log即四个盘的根目录不能写

2):绝对路径如果不存在的话会报错

Can't load log handler "java.util.logging.FileHandler"
java.io.IOException: Couldn't get lock for c:/java%u.log
java.io.IOException: Couldn't get lock for c:/java%u.log
	at java.util.logging.FileHandler.openFiles(FileHandler.java:372)
	at java.util.logging.FileHandler.<init>(FileHandler.java:208)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
	at java.lang.Class.newInstance0(Class.java:355)
	at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:308)
	at java.util.logging.LogManager$3.run(LogManager.java:358)
	at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
	at java.util.logging.LogManager.loadLoggerHandlers(LogManager.java:344)
	at java.util.logging.LogManager.initializeGlobalHandlers(LogManager.java:909)
	at java.util.logging.LogManager.access$900(LogManager.java:128)

解决办法:

/**
	 * 初始化Logger相关的配置 主要包括,读取指定指定目录下的logger.properties文件
	 */
	public static void init() {
		logManager = LogManager.getLogManager();
		// 重新读取配置文件
		// ClassLoaderLogManager logManager = new ClassLoaderLogManager();
		InputStream inStream = null;
		try {
			inStream = new FileInputStream(Log.class.getResource("/").getPath()
					+ "conf/logging.properties");
			logManager.readConfiguration(inStream);

			String logPath = logManager
					.getProperty("java.util.logging.FileHandler.pattern");
			// 如果不是以%开头,则手动创建file文件
			// 否则会报如下:java.io.IOException: Couldn't get lock for c:/xx/java%u.log类似的错误
			if (logPath.startsWith("%") == false) {
				File logFile = new File(logPath);
				// 注意不能指定c:/log.file 即win下四个硬盘的根目录下不能存放
				if (logFile.getParentFile().exists() == false) {
					logFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				if (inStream != null) {
					inStream.close();
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}

附上logging.properties的全文:

############################################################
#  	Default Logging Configuration File
#
# You can use a different file by specifying a filename
# with the java.util.logging.config.file system property.  
# For example java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=myfile
############################################################

############################################################
#  	Global properties
############################################################

# "handlers" specifies a comma separated list of log Handler 
# classes.  These handlers will be installed during VM startup.
# Note that these classes must be on the system classpath.
# By default we only configure a ConsoleHandler, which will only
# show messages at the INFO and above levels.
handlers= java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler

# To also add the FileHandler, use the following line instead.
#handlers= java.util.logging.FileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler

# Default global logging level.
# This specifies which kinds of events are logged across
# all loggers.  For any given facility this global level
# can be overriden by a facility specific level
# Note that the ConsoleHandler also has a separate level
# setting to limit messages printed to the console.
.level= WARNING 

############################################################
# Handler specific properties.
# Describes specific configuration info for Handlers.
############################################################

# default file output is in user's home directory.
java.util.logging.FileHandler.pattern = %h/java%u.log
java.util.logging.FileHandler.limit = 50000
java.util.logging.FileHandler.count = 1
java.util.logging.FileHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.XMLFormatter

# Limit the message that are printed on the console to INFO and above.
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = WARNING 
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter


############################################################
# Facility specific properties.
# Provides extra control for each logger.
############################################################

# For example, set the com.xyz.foo logger to only log SEVERE
# messages:
com.xyz.foo.level = SEVERE

D:\JDK_Version\jdk-24\bin\java.exe -Dcatalina.home=D:\apache-tomcat-10.1.48-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-10.1.48 -Dcatalina.base=C:\Users\48148\.SmartTomcat\goodbook\goodbook -Djava.io.tmpdir=C:\Users\48148\.SmartTomcat\goodbook\goodbook\temp -Djava.util.logging.config.file=C:\Users\48148\.SmartTomcat\goodbook\goodbook\conf\logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2025.2.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=51638" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Dsun.stdout.encoding=UTF-8 -Dsun.stderr.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:\apache-tomcat-10.1.48-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-10.1.48\bin\bootstrap.jar;D:\apache-tomcat-10.1.48-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-10.1.48\bin\tomcat-juli.jar org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED Handler error java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: java.com.example.goodbook.com.example.goodbook.dao.util.logging.ConsoleHandler at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:580) at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:490) at org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager.readConfiguration(ClassLoaderLogManager.java:549) at org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager.readConfiguration(ClassLoaderLogManager.java:487) at org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager.readConfiguration(ClassLoaderLogManager.java:299) at java.logging/java.util.logging.LogManager.readPrimordialConfiguration(LogManager.java:413) at java.logging/java.util.logging.LogManager.ensureLogManagerInitialized(LogManager.java:366) at java.logging/java.util.logging.LogManager.getLogManager(LogManager.java:398) at java.logging/java.util.logging.Logger.demandLogger(Logger.java:638) at java.logging/java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Logger.java:708) at java.logging/java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Logger.java:691) at org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog.<init>(DirectJDKLog.java:61) at org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog.getInstance(DirectJDKLog.java:176) at org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory.getInstance(LogFactory.java:115) at org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory.getInstance(LogFactory.java:136) at org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory.getLog(LogFactory.java:185) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.<clinit>(Bootstrap.java:47) WARNING: A restricted method in java.lang.System has been called WARNING: java.lang.System::load has been called by org.apache.tomcat.jni.Library in an unnamed module (file:/D:/apache-tomcat-10.1.48-windows-x64/apache-tomcat-10.1.48/lib/tomcat-jni.jar) WARNING: Use --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED to avoid a warning for callers in this module WARNING: Restricted methods will be blocked in a future release unless native access is enabled
最新发布
10-21
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