Scala — 控制结构和函数

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-13 11:32:40 发布

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本文介绍了Scala编程语言的基础知识，包括输入输出、循环、默认参数、带名参数和可变长度参数等内容，并通过示例代码展示了如何在Scala中实现这些特性。

输入输出

package org.fool.scala

import scala.io.StdIn

object AppTest {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val name = StdIn.readLine("Your name: ")
    println(name)

    print("Your age: ")
    val age = StdIn.readInt()
    println(age)
  }
}

console output

Your name: Scala
Scala
Your age: 30
30

循环

package org.fool.scala

object AppTest {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    var n = 10
    
    while(n > 0) {
      print(n + " ")
      n -= 1
    }
    
    println("\n----------------------------------")

    for(i <- 1 to 10) {
      print(i + " ")
    }
    
    println("\n----------------------------------")
    
    for(i <- 1 to 3; j <- 1 to 3) print(i * j + " ")
    
  }
}

console output

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 
----------------------------------
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 
----------------------------------
1 2 3 2 4 6 3 6 9

默认参数和带名参数

package org.fool.scala

object AppTest {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val defaultResult = getResult("Scala")
    println(defaultResult)
    
    val result = getResult("Scala", "(", ")")
    println(result)
  }

  def getResult(result: String, left: String = "[", right: String = "]") =
    left + result + right
}

console output

[Scala]
(Scala)

可变长度参数

package org.fool.scala

object AppTest {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val s1 = sum(1, 2, 3)
    println(s1)

    val s2 = sum(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
    println(s2)

    val s3 = sum(1 to 10: _*)
    println(s3)
  }

  def sum(args: Int*) = {
    var result = 0
    for (arg <- args) result += arg
    result
  }
}

console output

6
15
55