linux中源码安装mysql,并启动多个实例

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-28 15:55:44 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-07-28 15:55:44 发布 · 123 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#MySQL #Linux #Socket #Unix

数据库专栏收录该内容

1 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细介绍了如何在一台服务器上部署多个MySQL实例的过程，包括安装MySQL、配置多实例、初始化数据库及启动验证等关键步骤。

先到http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/下载一个mysql,我使用的版本是mysql5.1.53。接着解压。

安装步骤如下：

先执行官方的步骤：

shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
# Source-build specific instructions
shell> gunzip < mysql-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
shell> cd mysql-VERSION
shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
shell> make
shell> make install
# End of Source-build specific instructions
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql var
shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf #optional
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

运行多个实例
执行

bin/mysqld_multi --example

会自动列出配置文件的模板,如：

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user       = multi_admin
password   = my_password

[mysqld2]
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock2
port       = 3307
pid-file   = /usr/local/mysql/var2/hostname.pid2
datadir    = /usr/local/mysql/var2
language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user       = unix_user1

[mysqld3]
###### mysqld     = /path/to/mysqld_safe
###### ledir      = /path/to/mysqld-binary/
###### mysqladmin = /path/to/mysqladmin
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock3
port       = 3308
pid-file   = /usr/local/mysql/var3/hostname.pid3
datadir    = /usr/local/mysql/var3
language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/swedish
user       = unix_user2

[mysqld4]
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock4
port       = 3309
pid-file   = /usr/local/mysql/var4/hostname.pid4
datadir    = /usr/local/mysql/var4
language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/estonia
user       = unix_user3

[mysqld6]
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock6
port       = 3311
pid-file   = /usr/local/mysql/var6/hostname.pid6
datadir    = /usr/local/mysql/var6
language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/japanese
user       = unix_user4

注意[mysqld3]中打井号的行，感觉是mysql5.1.53一个bug，生成多余的配置，把它去掉就可以了。

现在我要运行2个mysql实例，修改上面的配置，如：

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user       = root
password   = root

[mysqld2]
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock2
port       = 3307
pid-file   = /usr/local/mysql/var2/hostname.pid2
datadir    = /usr/local/mysql/var2   ##数据库的数据文件
language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user       = mysql

[mysqld3]
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock3
port       = 3308
pid-file   = /usr/local/mysql/var3/hostname.pid3
datadir    = /usr/local/mysql/var3   ##数据库的数据文件
language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user       = mysql

把这些配置加到/etc/my.cnf配置文件的底部。

初始化数据库

这一步很重要，数据文件没有初始化，就启动不起来数据库实例。

创建数据库的数据目录:

sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/var2
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/var3

修改权限：

chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var2
chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var3

创建数据文件:

sudo bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var2
sudo bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var3

启动2个数据库实例

sudo bin/mysqld_multi start 2
sudo bin/mysqld_multi start 3

验证是否启动成功了

telnet 127.0.0.1 3307
telnet 127.0.0.1 3308

有数据返回，说明新加的两个实例已经运行起来了！

最后把两个实例的用户名和密码都设置为root，命令如下：

mysqladmin -h127.0.0.1 -P3307 -uroot -p password root
mysqladmin -h127.0.0.1 -P3308 -uroot -p password root

by 毛导