分类:oracle随笔 |
一、废话几句:
关于pd12导出图像,
首先ctrl+A全选
然后:edit->ExportImage——>emf格式为默认,实则任选就OK了;
下午时隔4个月再次画ER图,相对的感觉要熟练很多,很多功能也都晓得了,但是不好的是对需求把握不到,粗糙,慢慢来,take iteasy.
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二、普通表转换为分区表的做法:其中一种便是使用oracle自带的包进行重定义,简单测试一下,感觉还比较好用;但是出现了一个问题:①需要有相应的系统权限(待查,目前用的是sys用户测试);②是否表一定要有主键才能进行重定义?还是至少需要索引?按照重定义的方式来说,默认按照主键;可选择的为rowid;
包中的定义,可以用pl/sql工具看下包dbms_redefinition的用法
<wbr><wbr>--Constants for the options_flag parameter ofstart_redef_table<br><wbr>cons_use_pk<wbr><wbr><wbr>CONSTANT PLS_INTEGER := 1;---主键重定义<br><wbr> cons_use_rowid CONSTANT PLS_INTEGER :=2;---rowid重定义</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
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<wbr>config:</wbr>源表LOGIN_USER_DETAIL数据量考虑,需要转换为分区表;
<wbr></wbr>CREATE TABLEEDU.LOGIN_USER_DETAIL
<wbr>(<br><wbr><wbr><wbr>ID<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NUMBER(10)<wbr><wbr><wbr>NOT NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr>WEB_ID<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NUMBER(8)<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr>TICKET<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>VARCHAR2(40)<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr>STATUS<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NUMBER(2)<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> CLIENT_INFOVARCHAR2(100)<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> SERVER_NAMEVARCHAR2(40)<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> CREATE_DATEDATE<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NULL<br><wbr>)</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
<wbr>/</wbr>
<wbr>CREATE INDEX EDU.IDX_WEBID_TICKET_CLINFO<br><wbr>ONEDU.LOGIN_USER_DETAIL(WEB_ID,TICKET,CLIENT_INFO)</wbr></wbr>
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步骤一、测试能否表进行在线重定义,
<wbr>begin<br><wbr>dbms_redefinition.can_redef_table('edu','LOGIN_USER_DETAIL');<br><wbr>end;</wbr></wbr></wbr>
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出现错误
ORA-12089: cannot online redefine table"EDU"."LOGIN_USER_DETAIL" with no primary key
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_REDEFINITION", line 50
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_REDEFINITION", line 1343
ORA-06512: at line 2
原因是默认为主键在线重定义的方式,需要设定参数为2,按照rowid重定义;
<wbr><wbr><wbr>begin<br><wbr><wbr><wbr>dbms_redefinition.can_redef_table('edu','LOGIN_USER_DETAIL',<strong>2</strong>);<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> end;</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
<wbr><wbr><wbr>/</wbr></wbr></wbr>
<wbr><wbr><wbr>或者</wbr></wbr></wbr>
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>begin
<wbr><wbr><wbr>dbms_redefinition.can_redef_table('edu','LOGIN_USER_DETAIL',<strong>dbms_redefinition.cons_use_rowid</strong>);<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> end;</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed
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步骤二、创建中间表
<wbr>create table edu.LOGIN_USER_DETAIL_new(<br><wbr><wbr><wbr>ID<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NUMBER(10)<wbr><wbr><wbr>NOT NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr>WEB_ID<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NUMBER(8)<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr>TICKET<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>VARCHAR2(40)<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr>STATUS<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NUMBER(2)<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> CLIENT_INFOVARCHAR2(100)<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> SERVER_NAMEVARCHAR2(40)<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NULL,<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> CREATE_DATEDATE<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>NULL<br><wbr>)<br> PARTITION BY RANGE(CREATE_DATE)<br> ( PARTITION part23 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE('2010-09-24','YYYY-MM-DD')),<br><wbr> PARTITION part24 VALUES LESS THAN(TO_DATE('2010-09-25', 'YYYY-MM-DD')),<br><wbr> PARTITION Part25 VALUES LESS THAN(TO_DATE('2010-09-26', 'YYYY-MM-DD')),<br><wbr> PARTITION partmax VALUES LESS THAN(MAXVALUE)<br> );</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
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步骤三、开始进行重定义
executedbms_redefinition.start_redef_table('edu','LOGIN_USER_DETAIL','LOGIN_USER_DETAIL_new',null,2);
---------需要注意这里的输入参数选择
<wbr> PROCEDUREstart_redef_table(uname<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>IN VARCHAR2,----用户名<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>orig_table<wbr><wbr> INVARCHAR2,----源表名<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>int_table<wbr><wbr><wbr> INVARCHAR2,----中间表名<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>col_mapping<wbr> IN VARCHAR2 :=NULL,---源表和中间表列之间的映射,map;<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>options_flag IN BINARY_INTEGER := 1,---重定义方式<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>orderby_cols IN VARCHAR2 := NULL,---对于分区表重定义的时候,分区列名<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>part_name<wbr><wbr><wbr> INVARCHAR2 :=NULL);---对于分区表重定义的时候,需要重定义的分区。其中最后2个参数没用到,因为这里是由<strong>普通表</strong>转换为<strong>分区表</strong>;</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
start_redef_table执行时间为12.5s 数据量为80万。
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步骤三和步骤四中间步骤:
select count(*)
from edu.LOGIN_USER_DETAIL_new;
/
select count(*)
from edu.LOGIN_USER_DETAIL;
----数据会有差别 而且与实际不符
/
并且对表进行DML操作
<wbr>delete edu.login_user_detail<br><wbr>where id=355;</wbr></wbr>
步骤四、保证数据的一致性:
execute dbms_redefinition.sync_interim_table('edu','LOGIN_USER_DETAIL','LOGIN_USER_DETAIL_new');
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步骤五、开始重定义之后,完成重定义之前,需要在中间表上创建与源表对应的索引、外键、触发器等,而中间表与源表对应的主键,如果需要按照主键重定义,需要再开始redefine之前创建,如果按照rowid进行重定义,对应主键呢?
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CREATE INDEX EDU.IDX_WEBID_TICKET_CLIFO
<wbr><wbr><wbr> ONEDU.LOGIN_USER_DETAIL_new(WEB_ID,TICKET,CLIENT_INFO)<br> TABLESPACE EDUCATION<br> NOLOGGING<br> PCTFREE 10<br> INITRANS 2<br> MAXTRANS 255<br> STORAGE(BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)<br> NOPARALLEL<br> NOCOMPRESS</wbr></wbr></wbr>
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步骤六、完成重定义
----完成重定义
executedbms_redefinition.finish_redef_table('edu','LOGIN_USER_DETAIL','LOGIN_USER_DETAIL_new');
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desc LOGIN_USER_DETAIL
/
select table_name,index_name,index_type,status
from user_indexes
where table_name in ('LOGIN_USER_DETAIL','LOGIN_USER_DETAIL_new');
------看一下
此时的'LOGIN_USER_DETAIL的索引为EDU.IDX_WEBID_TICKET_CLIFO
而非原来EDU.IDX_WEBID_TICKET_CLINFO,
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LOGIN_USER_DETAIL_new的索引由EDU.IDX_WEBID_TICKET_CLINFO变成EDU.IDX_WEBID_TICKET_CLIFO
表结构变成分区表的结构,而的LOGIN_USER_DETAIL_new的结构变成了redefine之前的的LOGIN_USER_DETAIL的普通表结构;
对于触发器又会是什么效果呢?
--------------------------------
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步骤七:
DROP TABLE edu.LOGIN_USER_DETAIL_new
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结论:
重定义的方式有2个按照rowid、主键;
重定义的过程中可以对表进行DML操作;
重定义的速度还是挺快的;
重定义需要用户有一定系统权限(不知道是不是合适这么说)、需要一个中间表(中间表的结构、列名可以与be_organized的表不同)、重定义开始到重定义结束需要在中间表上建一系列约束;重定义完成之后的效果是:
be_organized的表结构、约束信息与中间表的互相交换,二者数据量一致。
可以普通表转为分区表;
分区表也可以重定义。