What is a reasonable pricing for mobile?

合理移动数据资费探讨

Guest column: What is a reasonable pricing structure for mobile data services?

byWang Feng

In the latest Interfax TMT guest column, Wang Feng, an independent IT and telecom analyst, looks at the pricing of mobile data services. He argues that currently, there is too wide a gulf in charging between general packages and those tailored towards heavy users of data services. Translated from the original Chinese by Zhang Danwei.

2009年2月27日 - 王英雄 - 王英雄的博客

Shanghai. February 20. INTERFAX-CHINA - With the release of 3G licenses, operators have begun adjusting their data service fees. China Mobile lowered its basic data fee from RMB 0.03 ($0.0044) per kilobyte (kB) to RMB 0.01 ($0.0015) per kB.

However, some people think that the basic data fee should be lowered even further to RMB 0.001 per kB, while others argue that this is unnecessary, as the pre-paid RMB 5 ($0.73) package that grants a data allowance of 30 megabytes (MBs) per month is not expensive.

What, then, is a reasonable price for data transmission services?

Many people lose a large amount of money when they use WAP services for the first time. A friend of mine once spent more than RMB 90 ($13.17) on downloading a 3 MB song from a WAP site, when data was still charged at RMB 0.03 ($0.0044) per kB. Another friend of mine bought a Blackberry without any promotional service packages, and ended up paying RMB 200 ($29.27) on his first bill for data usage.

Let us look at an example monthly bill for a China Mobile user:

Package fees

WVAS fees

Family Plan package

RMB 10

SMS

6.70

Changyou 08 Business Trip package

RMB 68

GPRS

746.94

WLAN

0.65

Total (after allowances from packages): RMB 486.35

The customer's data usage for the month of December was 35 MB, which cost him RMB 747 ($109.18) before the discounts from his various pre-paid packages kicked in. Even after these discounts were taken into account, he still had to pay RMB 486.35 ($71.18), mostly for data use.

The reason for the heavy charge is that he did not use any pre-paid packages specifically geared towards data services. We can see the difference it would have made to his bill if he had done so.

If the user had subscribed to the RMB 20($2.93)pre-paid data package that includes 50 MB of data use per month, according to my calculation, he would have paid just RMB 6.35 ($0.93) on this bill.

So the user ended up spending an extra RMB 480 ($70.25) just because he did not subscribe to a pre-paid data package.

This means that on a per-kilobyte basis, people who do not use a pre-paid data package pay about 60 times more than those who use the RMB 5 ($0.73) for 30 MB per month package. I think it is unreasonable that the disparity should be so great.

Operators should respect consumer rights and charge all users the same for data usage. An example of a pricing scheme operators could use could be RMB 5 ($0.73) per month for up to 30 MB, RMB 10 ($1.46) per month for between 30 MB to 50 MB and RMB 20 ($2.93) for 50 MB to 100 MB of data flow.

Towards the end of the billing month, operators tend to find that a user's data flow will dip, as the user becomes wary of accidentally exceeding their data allowance. Altering the pricing would change this.

To sum up, my points are:

1. I support reasonable data fee standards, whether that is RMB 5 ($0.73) for 30 MB per month or RMB 10 ($1.46) for 50 MB per month, as long as it suits the telecom market.

2. The difference in charges for those using a data package and those not using one should be smaller. The current difference is in no way acceptable.

3. Operators should develop more means to allow users to easily check the amount of data they have sent and received. Methods could include SMS, service hotlines and online checking. Currently, there is only online checking (although China Mobile's Beijing subsidiary opened a hotline for users to check their data usage in January 2009).

4. The price charged for using more than the monthly data allowance should be reasonable.

5. Anomalies, such as the high cost of downloading a single song, should be addressed. It is not acceptable to charge more than RMB 10 ($1.46) for a 3 MB song.

Wang Feng currently works at real estate exchange Web site Soufun.com where he is responsible for value-added services. He has served as a specialist for the Data Center of China Internet (DCCI). His blog can be found at http://blog.sina.com.cn/wanghero

The above is a personal opinion piece by the author. Its publication in no way implies that Interfax shares the views expressed in the article.

This free article represents just a small proportion ofInterfax'sin-depth China coverage. To gain access to further articles and industry-specific content, please contact our sales staff by telephone (+852 2537 2262) or via ourdirect contact form.

本文是interfax转载并翻译我的文章,中文原文是 我的写 《手机上网的合理资费

内容概要:本文介绍了一个基于MATLAB实现的无人机三维路径规划项目,采用蚁群算法(ACO)与多层感知机(MLP)相结合的混合模型(ACO-MLP)。该模型通过三维环境离散化建模,利用ACO进行全局路径搜索,并引入MLP对环境特征进行自适应学习与启发因子优化,实现路径的动态调整与多目标优化。项目解决了高维空间建模、动态障碍规避、局部最优陷阱、算法实时性及多目标权衡等关键技术难题,结合并行计算与参数自适应机制,提升了路径规划的智能性、安全性和工程适用性。文中提供了详细的模型架构、核心算法流程及MATLAB代码示例,涵盖空间建模、信息素更新、MLP训练与融合优化等关键步骤。; 适合人群:具备一定MATLAB编程基础,熟悉智能优化算法与神经网络的高校学生、科研人员及从事无人机路径规划相关工作的工程师;适合从事智能无人系统、自动驾驶、机器人导航等领域的研究人员; 使用场景及目标:①应用于复杂三维环境下的无人机路径规划,如城市物流、灾害救援、军事侦察等场景;②实现飞行安全、能耗优化、路径平滑与实时避障等多目标协同优化;③为智能无人系统的自主决策与环境适应能力提供算法支持; 阅读建议:此资源结合理论模型与MATLAB实践,建议读者在理解ACO与MLP基本原理的基础上,结合代码示例进行仿真调试,重点关注ACO-MLP融合机制、多目标优化函数设计及参数自适应策略的实现,以深入掌握混合智能算法在工程中的应用方法。
The correct assignment for a material pricing procedure in Sales and Distribution (SD) within systems like SAP is to the **Sales item category**. This configuration ensures that the appropriate pricing rules are applied to specific types of items during the sales order process. The sales item category controls various aspects of how a material is processed in sales documents, including pricing, delivery, and billing relevance [^2]. In SAP systems, material pricing procedures are generally not assigned directly to sales document types, customer pricing procedures, or combinations of sales organizations and document types. Instead, the item category serves as the key determinant for applying pricing logic to materials in sales transactions. Here is an example of how pricing procedures might be configured based on item categories in an SAP system: ```abap * Example: Assigning a pricing procedure to a sales item category * This is a simplified representation and may vary based on system configuration. DATA: ls_item_category TYPE vbap-stkzn, lv_pricing_proc TYPE vbap-kalkn. ls_item_category = 'NORM'. "Standard item category CASE ls_item_category. WHEN 'NORM'. lv_pricing_proc = 'PR00'. "Standard pricing procedure WHEN 'BOM'. lv_pricing_proc = 'PR01'. "Pricing procedure for configurable materials WHEN OTHERS. lv_pricing_proc = 'PR99'. "Default pricing procedure ENDCASE. ``` The configuration ensures that pricing logic aligns with the nature of the product or service being sold, especially in complex environments where made-to-order manufacturing or customized services are involved [^1].
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