ShapeDrawable

java.lang.Object
?	android.graphics.drawable.Drawable
	?	android.graphics.drawable.ShapeDrawable

ClassOverview
ADrawableobjectthatdrawsprimitiveshapes.AShapeDrawabletakesaShapeobjectandmanagesitspresenceonthescreen.
IfnoShapeisgiven,thentheShapeDrawablewilldefaulttoaRectShape.
ItcanbedefinedinanXMLfilewiththe <shape>element.
filelocation:
res/drawable/filename.xml
ThefilenameisusedastheresourceID.
compiledresource datatype:
ResourcepointertoaShapeDrawable.
resourcereference:
InJava:R.drawable.filename
InXML:@[package:]drawable/filename
语法

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"] >
<corners
android:radius="integer"
android:topLeftRadius="integer"
android:topRightRadius="integer"
android:bottomLeftRadius="integer"
android:bottomRightRadius="integer" />
<gradient
android:angle="integer"
android:centerX="integer"
android:centerY="integer"
android:centerColor="integer"
android:endColor="color"
android:gradientRadius="integer"
android:startColor="color"
android:type=["linear" | "radial" | "sweep"]
android:usesLevel=["true" | "false"] />
<padding
android:left="integer"
android:top="integer"
android:right="integer"
android:bottom="integer" />
<size
android:width="integer"
android:height="integer" />
<solid
android:color="color" />
<stroke
android:width="integer"
android:color="color"
android:dashWidth="integer"
android:dashGap="integer" />
</shape>

elements:

<shape>
Theshapedrawable.Thismustbetherootelement.
attributes:
xmlns:android
String.Required.DefinestheXMLnamespace,whichmustbe"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android".
android:shape
Keyword.Definesthetypeofshape.Validvaluesare:

Value	Desciption
"rectangle"	A rectangle that fills the containing View. This is the default shape.
"oval"	An oval shape that fits the dimensions of the containing View.
"line"	A horizontal line that spans the width of the containing View. This shape requires the<stroke>element to define the width of the line.
"ring"	A ring shape.

矩形"rectangle" ， 椭圆"oval" ， 线"line" 和 环"ring"
矩形"rectangle" 的使用见实例1,2,3，4
椭圆"oval" 的使用见实例5
当是 线"line" 的时候一定要定义 <stroke> element
线"line"的使用见实例6
Thefollowingattributesareusedonlywhenandroid:shape="ring":
下面的属性只有在android:shape=" ring"时才在有意义
android:innerRadius
Dimension.Theradiusfortheinnerpartofthering(theholeinthemiddle),
asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
android:innerRadiusRatio
Float.Theradiusfortheinnerpartofthering,expressedasaratioofthering'swidth.
Forinstance,ifandroid:innerRadiusRatio="5",thentheinnerradiusequalsthering'swidthdividedby5.
Thisvalueisoverriddenbyandroid:innerRadius.Defaultvalueis9.
android:thickness
Dimension.Thethicknessofthering,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
android:thicknessRatio
Float.Thethicknessofthering,expressedasaratioofthering'swidth.
Forinstance,ifandroid:thicknessRatio="2",thenthethicknessequalsthering'swidthdividedby2.
Thisvalueisoverriddenbyandroid:innerRadius.Defaultvalueis3.
android:useLevel
Boolean."true"ifthisisusedasaLevelListDrawable.Thisshouldnormallybe"false"oryourshapemaynotappear.
<corners>
Createsroundedcornersfortheshape.Appliesonlywhentheshapeisarectangle.

该属性只有android:shape=" rectangle";才有意义
attributes:
android:radius
Dimension.Theradiusforallcorners,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
Thisisoverriddenforeachcornerbythefollowingattributes.
默认情况下四个角的半径，如果为0则表示直角
android:topLeftRadius
Dimension.Theradiusforthetop-leftcorner,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
左上角的半径
android:topRightRadius
Dimension.Theradiusforthetop-rightcorner,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
右上角的半径
android:bottomLeftRadius
Dimension.Theradiusforthebottom-leftcorner,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
左下角的半径
android:bottomRightRadius
Dimension.Theradiusforthebottom-rightcorner,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
右下角的半径
Note:Everycornermust(initially)beprovidedacornerradiusgreaterthan1,orelsenocornersarerounded.
Ifyouwantspecificcornerstonotberounded,awork-aroundistouseandroid:radiusto
setadefaultcornerradiusgreaterthan1,butthenoverrideeachandeverycornerwiththevaluesyoureallywant,
providingzero("0dp")whereyoudon'twantroundedcorners.
<gradient>
Specifiesagradientcolorfortheshape.
该系列属性对 线"line"没有意义。

attributes:

android:angle
Integer.Theangleforthegradient,indegrees.0islefttoright,90isbottomtotop.
Itmustbeamultipleof45.Defaultis0.
颜色的变化方式，0表示从左到右，90表示从下到上，45表示在从左到右和从下到上同时进行
发现该属性只有android:type=" linear "才有用。
android:centerX
Float.TherelativeX-positionforthecenterofthegradient(0-1.0).Doesnotapplywhenandroid:type="linear".
中心点在x方向上的值，其值为0-1.0
其x=x0+(x1-x0)*centerX.
当android:type="linear"时没有意义
android:centerY
Float.TherelativeY-positionforthecenterofthegradient(0-1.0).Doesnotapplywhenandroid:type="linear".
中间点在y方向上的值，其值为0-1.0
其y=y0+(y1-y0)*centerY.
当android:type="linear"时没有意义
android:centerColor
Color.Optionalcolorthatcomesbetweenthestartandendcolors,asahexadecimalvalueorcolorresource.
中间点的Color
android:endColor
Color.Theendingcolor,asahexadecimalvalueorcolorresource.
终点的gradient颜色
android:gradientRadius
Float.Theradiusforthegradient.Onlyappliedwhenandroid:type="radial".
中心园的半径，只有当android:type=" radial "时有意义
android:startColor
Color.Thestartingcolor,asahexadecimalvalueorcolorresource.
起始点gradient的颜色
android:type
Keyword.Thetypeofgradientpatterntoapply.Validvaluesare:
ValueDescription
" linear"Alineargradient.Thisisthedefault. 线性
" radial"Aradialgradient.Thestartcoloristhecentercolor. 发射型
" sweep"Asweepinglinegradient.
gradient有两个或三个颜色值
startColor中心区域的颜色
centerColor 中心区域的外环区域（中间）的颜色。它是可选的。
endColor 其他区域颜色
startColor和endColor的使用见实例2

startColor，centerColo和endColor的使用见实例4
android:useLevel
Boolean."true"ifthisisusedasaLevelListDrawable.
当为LevelListDrawable时其值为true否则为false

<padding>
PaddingtoapplytothecontainingViewelement(thispadsthepositionoftheViewcontent,nottheshape).
该属性用于设置ShapeDrawable的content区域的Padding。
ShapeDrawable的content区域用于确定他所在控件的content(通常是文本)的区域
attributes:

android:left
Dimension.Leftpadding,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
android:top
Dimension.Toppadding,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
android:right
Dimension.Rightpadding,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
android:bottom
Dimension.Bottompadding,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.

<size>
Thesizeoftheshape.

attributes:

android:height
Dimension.Theheightoftheshape,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.

该属性对 线"line"没有意义。
android:width
Dimension.Thewidthoftheshape,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.

Note:TheshapescalestothesizeofthecontainerViewproportionatetothedimensionsdefinedhere,bydefault.
WhenyouusetheshapeinanImageView,youcanrestrictscalingbysettingtheandroid:scaleTypeto"center".
ShapeDrawable的大小
注意：当是线的时候<size>只有 android:width属性意义了。

<solid>
Asolidcolortofilltheshape.

attributes:

android:color
Color.Thecolortoapplytotheshape,asahexadecimalvalueorcolorresource.
<solid> 用(ahexadecimalvalueorcolorresource)来填充ShapeDrawable,这时gradient属性无意义
<stroke>
Astrokelinefortheshape.

attributes:

android:width
Dimension.Thethicknessoftheline,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.
android:color
Color.Thecoloroftheline,asahexadecimalvalueorcolorresource.
android:dashGap
Dimension.Thedistancebetweenlinedashes,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.Onlyvalidifandroid:dashWidthisset.
android:dashWidth
Dimension.Thesizeofeachdashline,asadimensionvalueordimensionresource.Onlyvalidifandroid:dashGapisset.
android:width表示边框线的宽度。边框是向里外同时扩展的。
android:color表示边框线的颜色
android:dashGap表示dash线之间的长度
android:dashWidth表示dash线的长度
注意：当android:shape=" line"时必须定义<stroke>。这时ShapeDrawable的边框就只有一个边（line）.
其使用见实例4

example:
XMLfilesavedatres/drawable/gradient_box.xml:

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
<shapexmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape=" rectangle ">
<gradient
android:startColor="#FFFF0000"
android:endColor="#80FF00FF"
android:angle="45"/>
<paddingandroid:left="7dp"
android:top="7dp"
android:right="7dp"
android:bottom="7dp"/>
<cornersandroid:radius="8dp"/>
</shape>

ThislayoutXMLappliestheshapedrawabletoaView:

<TextView
android:background="@drawable/gradient_box"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"/>

ThisapplicationcodegetstheshapedrawableandappliesittoaView:

Resourcesres=getResources();
Drawableshape=res.getDrawable(R.drawable.gradient_box);

TextViewtv=(TextView)findViewByID(R.id.textview);
tv.setBackground(shape);
实例1
drawable下的gradient_box.xml
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
<shapexmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape=" rectangle ">
<gradient
android:startColor="#FF0000FF"
android:centerColor="#FF00FF00"
android:endColor="#FFFF0000"
android:type="radial"
android:gradientRadius="100"
android:angle="90"/>
<paddingandroid:left="0dp"
android:top="0dp"
android:right="0dp"
android:bottom="0dp"/>
<cornersandroid:radius="0dp"android:topLeftRadius="0dp"/>
</shape>
实例2
drawable下的gradient_box.xml
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
<shapexmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape=" rectangle ">
<gradient
android:startColor="#FF0000FF"
android:endColor="#FFFF0000"
android:type="sweep"
android:angle="90"/>
<paddingandroid:left="0dp"
android:top="0dp"
android:right="0dp"
android:bottom="0dp"/>
<cornersandroid:radius="80dp"android:topLeftRadius="10dp"/>
</shape>
实例3
drawable下的gradient_box.xml
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
<shapexmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape=" rectangle ">
<gradient
android:startColor="#FF0000FF"
android:centerColor="#FF00FF00"
android:endColor="#FFFF0000"
android:type="sweep"
android:angle="90"/>
<paddingandroid:left="0dp"
android:top="0dp"
android:right="0dp"
android:bottom="0dp"/>
<cornersandroid:radius="80dp"android:topLeftRadius="10dp"/>
</shape>
实例4
stroke的使用
drawable下的gradient_box.xml
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
<shapexmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<gradient
android:startColor="#FF0000FF"
android:centerColor="#FF00FF00"
android:endColor="#FFFF0000"
android:type="radial"
android:gradientRadius="100"/>
<paddingandroid:left="0dp"
android:top="0dp"
android:right="0dp"
android:bottom="0dp"/>
<cornersandroid:radius="10dp"android:topLeftRadius="0dp"/>
<size
android:width="150dp"
android:height="150dp"/>
<stroke
android:width="20dp"
android:color="#FF0000FF"
android:dashWidth="1dp"
android:dashGap="1dp"/>
</shape>

运行截图

实例5
椭圆
drawable下的gradient_box.xml
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
<shapexmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape=" oval ">
<gradient
android:startColor="#FF0000FF"
android:centerColor="#FF00FF00"
android:endColor="#FFFF0000"
android:type="radial"
android:gradientRadius="100"/>
<paddingandroid:left="0dp"
android:top="0dp"
android:right="0dp"
android:bottom="0dp"/>
</shape>
实例6
线"line"的使用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:shape=" line" >

< size android:width="300dp"/>

< stroke

android:width="10dp"

android:color="#FF0000FF"

android:dashWidth="1dp"

android:dashGap="1dp" />

</shape>

运行截图

结束！