Java来做马里奥[0]—让精灵再次舞动

记得在红白机（FC）年代，还刚刚上小学的我对马里奥、冒险岛、洛克人、魂斗罗等游戏几乎可说是痴迷，每天放学回家就是想去游戏，就是要通关，就是想和关底论个胜负高低。

许多年过去了，沧海桑田，FC曾经的荣耀早已不再，只留下我们对曾经少年时的点点记忆。即使当时在FC上看上去多么复杂，多么高不可攀的游戏，在当今，即使最普通的程序员都可以轻易实现。

本着向经典学习、向经典致敬的心情，我也准备用Java在PC机再现当年马里奥的风采。

下面我在代码中所演示的，是一个简单的ACT游戏动作及地图构成原型。

Map.java

packageorg.test.mario;

importjava.awt.Color;
importjava.awt.Graphics;
importjava.awt.Point;

/***//**
*<p>
*Title:LoonFramework
*</p>
*<p>
*Description:地图绘制及描述用类
*</p>
*<p>
*Copyright:Copyright(c)2008
*</p>
*<p>
*Company:LoonFramework
*</p>
*
*@authorchenpeng
*@email：ceponline@yahoo.com.cn
*@version0.1
*/
publicclassMap...{

//在以前的blog文章中我介绍过，游戏开发中通常以数组描述地图
//此处1描绘为一个障碍物，0描绘为一个可通行空间
finalstaticprivateint[][]map=...{
...{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
...{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}};

//地面瓦片的宽度
finalstaticprivateintTILE_SIZE=32;

//行
finalstaticprivateintROW=15;

//列
finalstaticprivateintCOL=20;

/***//**
*构造函数
*
*/
publicMap()...{
}

publicvoiddraw(Graphicsg)...{
g.setColor(Color.ORANGE);
for(inti=0;i<ROW;i++)...{
for(intj=0;j<COL;j++)...{
switch(map[i][j])...{
case1:
g.fillRect(tilesToPixels(j),tilesToPixels(i),TILE_SIZE,
TILE_SIZE);
break;
}
}
}
}

/***//**
*换算角色与地板的撞击，并返回Point用以描述新的x,y
*
*@paramplayer
*@paramnewX
*@paramnewY
*@return
*/
publicPointgetTileHit(Roleplayer,doublenewX,doublenewY)...{
//取最小的整数但不能小于自身，用以换算坐标
newX=Math.ceil(newX);
newY=Math.ceil(newY);

doublefromX=Math.min(player.getX(),newX);
doublefromY=Math.min(player.getY(),newY);
doubletoX=Math.max(player.getX(),newX);
doubletoY=Math.max(player.getY(),newY);

intfromTileX=pixelsToTiles(fromX);
intfromTileY=pixelsToTiles(fromY);
inttoTileX=pixelsToTiles(toX+Role.WIDTH-1);
inttoTileY=pixelsToTiles(toY+Role.HEIGHT-1);

//返回Point，用以描述x,y坐标点
for(intx=fromTileX;x<=toTileX;x++)...{
for(inty=fromTileY;y<=toTileY;y++)...{
if(x<0||x>=COL)...{
returnnewPoint(x,y);
}
if(y<0||y>=ROW)...{
returnnewPoint(x,y);
}
if(map[y][x]==1)...{
returnnewPoint(x,y);
}
}
}

returnnull;
}

/***//**
*将Tiles转为Pixels
*
*@parampixels
*@return
*/
publicstaticintpixelsToTiles(doublepixels)...{
return(int)Math.floor(pixels/TILE_SIZE);
}

/***//**
*将Pixels转为Tiles
*
*@parampixels
*@return
*/
publicstaticinttilesToPixels(inttiles)...{
returntiles*TILE_SIZE;
}
}

Role.java

packageorg.test.mario;

importjava.awt.Color;
importjava.awt.Graphics;
importjava.awt.Point;

/***//**
*<p>
*Title:LoonFramework
*</p>
*<p>
*Description:角色描述及绘制用类
*</p>
*<p>
*Copyright:Copyright(c)2008
*</p>
*<p>
*Company:LoonFramework
*</p>
*
*@authorchenpeng
*@email：ceponline@yahoo.com.cn
*@version0.1
*/
publicclassRole...{

//坐标的x,y
privatedouble_x;

privatedouble_y;

//显示的x,_y
privatedouble_vx;

privatedouble_vy;

//是否在平地
privatebooleanisFlat;

//自定义的地图描述类
privateMap_map;

//角色宽
finalstaticpublicintWIDTH=32;

//角色高
finalstaticpublicintHEIGHT=32;

//移动速度
finalstaticpublicintSPEED=6;

//跳越速度
finalstaticpublicintJUMP_SPEED=25;

/***//**
*构造函数，注入初始的角色x,y及map
*
*@param_x
*@param_y
*@param_map
*/
publicRole(doublex,double_y,Map_map)...{
this._x=x;
this._y=_y;
this._map=_map;
_vx=0;
_vy=0;
isFlat=false;
}

/***//**
*停止动作
*
*/
publicvoidstop()...{
_vx=0;
}

/***//**
*向左
*
*/
publicvoidleft()...{
_vx=-SPEED;
}

/***//**
*向右
*
*/
publicvoidright()...{
_vx=SPEED;
}

/***//**
*跳越动作
*
*/
publicvoidjump()...{
//当角色立于平地时
if(isFlat)...{
_vy=-JUMP_SPEED;
isFlat=false;
}
}

/***//**
*变更位置
*
*/
publicvoidupdate()...{
//加入偏差值
_vy+=1.0;

//获得新的newX
doublenewX=_x+_vx;

//获得地板x,_y
Pointtile=_map.getTileHit(this,newX,_y);
//不存在时则默认为newX
if(tile==null)...{
_x=newX;
}else...{
if(_vx>0)...{
_x=Map.tilesToPixels(tile.x)-WIDTH;
}elseif(_vx<0)...{
_x=Map.tilesToPixels(tile.x+1);
}
_vx=0;
}

doublenewY=_y+_vy;

tile=_map.getTileHit(this,_x,newY);
if(tile==null)...{
_y=newY;
isFlat=false;
}else...{
if(_vy>0)...{
_y=Map.tilesToPixels(tile.y)-HEIGHT;
_vy=0;
isFlat=true;
}elseif(_vy<0)...{
_y=Map.tilesToPixels(tile.y+1);
_vy=0;
}
}
}

/***//**
*将角色绘制于指定Graphics上
*
*@paramg
*/
publicvoiddraw(Graphicsg)...{
//目前以一个红色方块代替
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.fillRect((int)_x,(int)_y,WIDTH,HEIGHT);
}

publicdoublegetX()...{
return_x;
}

publicdoublegetY()...{
return_y;
}

}

启动类：Main.java

packageorg.test.mario;

importjava.awt.Color;
importjava.awt.Frame;
importjava.awt.Graphics;
importjava.awt.Image;
importjava.awt.Panel;
importjava.awt.event.KeyEvent;
importjava.awt.event.KeyListener;
importjava.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
importjava.awt.event.WindowEvent;

importorg.loon.framework.game.image.Bitmap;

/***//**
*<p>
*Title:LoonFramework
*</p>
*<p>
*Description:
*</p>
*<p>
*Copyright:Copyright(c)2008
*</p>
*<p>
*Company:LoonFramework
*</p>
*
*@authorchenpeng
*@email：ceponline@yahoo.com.cn
*@version0.1
*/
publicclassMainextendsPanelimplementsRunnable,KeyListener...{

/***//**
*
*/
privatestaticfinallongserialVersionUID=1L;

publicstaticfinalint_WIDTH=640;

publicstaticfinalint_HEIGHT=480;

privateMap_map;

privateRole_role;

privateThread_sleep;

privateImage_screen=null;

privateGraphics_graphics=null;

//方向控制，由于是自然落体所以没有down
privatebooleanLEFT;

privatebooleanRIGHT;

privatebooleanUP;

publicMain()...{
setSize(_WIDTH,_HEIGHT);
setFocusable(true);
_screen=newBitmap(_WIDTH,_HEIGHT).getImage();
_graphics=_screen.getGraphics();
_map=newMap();

_role=newRole(100,32,_map);

//监听窗体
addKeyListener(this);

//启动线程
_sleep=newThread(this);
_sleep.start();
}

/***//**
*运行
*/
publicvoidrun()...{
while(true)...{
//改变方向
if(LEFT)...{
_role.left();
}elseif(RIGHT)...{
_role.right();
}else...{
_role.stop();
}
if(UP)...{
_role.jump();
}
_role.update();
repaint();
try...{
Thread.sleep(20);
}catch(InterruptedExceptione)...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

publicvoidupdate(Graphicsg)...{
paint(g);
}

publicvoidpaint(Graphicsg)...{
_graphics.setColor(Color.BLACK);
_graphics.fillRect(0,0,_WIDTH,_HEIGHT);
_map.draw(_graphics);
_role.draw(_graphics);
g.drawImage(_screen,0,0,null);
}

publicvoidkeyPressed(KeyEvente)...{
intkey=e.getKeyCode();
if(key==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT)...{
LEFT=true;
}
if(key==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT)...{
RIGHT=true;
}
if(key==KeyEvent.VK_UP)...{
UP=true;
}
}

publicvoidkeyReleased(KeyEvente)...{
intkey=e.getKeyCode();
if(key==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT)...{
LEFT=false;
}
if(key==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT)...{
RIGHT=false;
}
if(key==KeyEvent.VK_UP)...{
UP=false;
}
}

publicvoidkeyTyped(KeyEvente)...{
}

publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)...{
Frameframe=newFrame();
frame.setTitle("Java来做马里奥（1）—让精灵舞动");
frame.setSize(_WIDTH,_HEIGHT);
frame.setResizable(false);
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.add(newMain());
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.addWindowListener(newWindowAdapter()...{
publicvoidwindowClosing(WindowEvente)...{
System.exit(0);
}
});
}

}

运行效果如下图：


现在开始，我会在blog中逐步构建马里奥中的一关，有关心java pc游戏开发者敬请留意。