SpringMVC在实际的开发应用过程中,通常采用注解的方式。
第一步,告知Spring,Controller放在哪个路径下,让Spring容器自动去寻找和装配Controller。
<context:component-scan base-package="org.lian.controller"/>
第二步,SpringMVC中HandlerMapping和HandlerAdapter是成对出现,接下来就是配置这两个对象。
<!-- 采用注解的方式 HandlerMapping 和 HandlerAdapter-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<util:list id="beanList">
<ref bean="stringHttpMessageConverter"/>
<ref bean="gsonHttpMessageConverter"/>
</util:list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="stringHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 通过Gson来进行Json数据格式转化 配置转化器 -->
<bean id="gsonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.GsonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
对于不同格式数据要配置不同的Converter数据转化器,上面的配置中要处理JSON格式的数据,配置了JSON转化器,使用Gson来处理json数据,配置相应的转化器类。
第三步 路径映射和返回数据
@RequestMapping("city")
@Controller
public class CityController {
private CityService cityService;
public CityService getCityService() {
return cityService;
}
@Autowired
public void setCityService(CityService cityService) {
this.cityService = cityService;
}
/**
*
* @description TODO
* @return
* @return ModelAndView
*/
@RequestMapping(path = "/view/list", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView listProvincePage() {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("division/cityList");
return mv;
}
@RequestMapping(path = "/handler/list", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)
@ResponseBody
public String listCity(@RequestBody Map<String, String> request) {
/**
* 方法中参数 如果使用 Map<String,Object>类型, 那么SpringMVC绑定参数在这里会将数值解析为float类型
*
* 如limit 10 会解析成 10.0
*
*/
int limit = Integer.parseInt(request.get(BootstrapTableContants.LIMIT));
int offset = Integer.parseInt(request.get(BootstrapTableContants.OFFSET));
return cityService.pageCity(null, offset, limit);
}
@RequestMapping(path = "/handler/listProvince", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)
@ResponseBody
public String listProvince() {
return cityService.listProvince();
}
@RequestMapping(path = "/handler/add", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)
@ResponseBody
public String addCity(@RequestBody City city) {
return cityService.addCity(city);
}
@RequestMapping(path = "/handler/edit", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)
@ResponseBody
public String editCity(@RequestBody City city) {
return cityService.editCity(city);
}
@RequestMapping(path = "/handler/delete", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)
@ResponseBody
public String deleteCity(@RequestBody City city) {
return cityService.deleteCityById(city.getCityId());
}
}
在返回ModelAndView是返回视图层更具体的是指JSP页面,如果要返回JSON格式数据,可以通过Gson在程序里将手动转化,也可直接将对象返回,因为在前面已经配置了转化器,SpringMVC会通过合适自动给转化。需要特别指出在返回JSON数据时要使用@ResponseBody。
SpringMVC允许访问静态资源,脚本图片CSS等,需要添加下面的配置
<!-- 开启静态资源缓存 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/">
<mvc:cache-control max-age="3600" cache-public="true"/>
</mvc:resources>
<!-- <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/">
</mvc:resources> -->
最后完整的SpringMVC配置如下,特别指出需要处理特殊数据,需要配置其他的转化器,这里没有全部罗列,并且也没有提到SpringMVC上传文件需要的转化器等。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="org.lian.controller"/>
<bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 根据 Bean的name来映射路径-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleServletHandlerAdapter"/> -->
<!-- 根路径/ 不可省略 否则找不到对象 -->
<bean name="/helloWorld" class="org.lian.controller.HelloWorldController"/>
<!-- 采用注解的方式 HandlerMapping 和 HandlerAdapter-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<util:list id="beanList">
<ref bean="stringHttpMessageConverter"/>
<ref bean="gsonHttpMessageConverter"/>
</util:list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="stringHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 通过Gson来进行Json数据格式转化 配置转化器 -->
<bean id="gsonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.GsonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 开启静态资源缓存 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/">
<mvc:cache-control max-age="3600" cache-public="true"/>
</mvc:resources>
<!-- <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/">
</mvc:resources> -->
</beans>
本文详细介绍了SpringMVC框架中使用注解进行配置的方法,包括组件扫描、请求映射、数据转换器配置等内容,并提供了具体的代码示例。
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