boost.type_traits源码整理和使用说明(1)

Introduction

The Boost type-traits library contains a set of very specific traits classes, each of which encapsulate a single trait from the C++ type system; for example, is a type a pointer or a reference type? Or does a type have a trivial constructor, or a const-qualifier?

The type-traits classes share a unified design: each class inherits from a the type true_type if the type has the specified property and inherits from false_type otherwise.

The type-traits library also contains a set of classes that perform a specific transformation on a type; for example, they can remove a top-level const or volatile qualifier from a type. Each class that performs a transformation defines a single typedef-member type that is the result of the transformation.

The boost type_traits library is partly finished in "Macro" form, so it is difficult to read. I rearrange the source code in a clear form.

I will divide the boost type_traits library into four parts to study and publish.

Type Tranformers

boost::add_const

Add appropriate const attribute to a type.

template< typename T >

struct add_const

{typedef T const type;};

template< typename T >

struct add_const<T&>

{typedef T& type;};

template< typename T >

struct add_const<T*>

{typedef T* const type;};

template< typename T >

struct add_const<T const>

{typedef T const type;};

Expression Result type

add_const<int>::type int const

add_const<int&>::type int&

add_const<int*>::type int* const

add_const<int const>::type int const

boost::add_cv

Add appropriate const volatile attribute to a type.

The source and situation is the same as boost::add_const and omitted.

Expression Result type

add_const<int>::type int const volatile

add_const<int&>::type int&

add_const<int*>::type int* const volatile

add_const<int const>::type int const volatile

boost::add_pointer

Get the appropriate pointer type of a input type.

template <typename T>

struct add_pointer_impl

{

typedef T* type;

};

template <typename T>

struct add_pointer_impl<T&>

{

typedef T* type;

};

template <typename T>

struct add_pointer_impl<T&const>

{

typedef T* type;

};

template <typename T>

struct add_pointer_impl<T&volatile>

{

typedef T* type;

};

template <typename T>

struct add_pointer_impl<T&const volatile>

{

typedef T* type;

};

template <typename T>

struct add_pointer_impl

{

typedef typename remove_reference<T>::type no_ref_type;

typedef no_ref_type* type;

};

template<typename T>

struct add_pointer

{

typedef typename add_pointer_impl<T>::type type;

};

Expression Result Type

add_pointer<int>::type int*

add_pointer<int const&>::type int const*

add_pointer<int*>::type int**

add_pointer<int*&>::type int**

boost::add_reference

If T is not a reference type then T&, otherwise T.

Note that C++ does not support reference to reference.

//T is a non-reference type, T& is the result

template <bool x>

struct reference_adder

{

template <typename T> struct result_

{

typedef T& type;

};

};

//T is a reference type, so T is the result

template <>

struct reference_adder<true>

{

template <typename T> struct result_

{

typedef T type;

};

};

template <typename T>

struct add_reference_impl

{

typedef typename reference_adder<::boost::is_reference<T>::value>::

template result_<T> result_struct;

typedef typename result_struct::type type;

};

//partial specialization for reference type

template< typename T >

struct add_reference_impl<T&>

{typedef T& type;};

//partial specialization for void, void const, void volatile, void const volatile

template<>

struct add_reference_impl<void>

{typedef void type;};

template<>

struct add_reference_impl<void const>

{typedef void const type;};

template<>

struct add_reference_impl<void volatile>

{typedef void volatile type;};

template<>

struct add_reference_impl<void const volatile>

{typedef void const volatile type;};

template< typename T >

struct add_reference

{

typedef typename add_reference_impl<T>::type

type;

};

Expression Result Type

add_reference<int>::type int&

add_reference<int const&>::type int const&

add_reference<int*>::type int*&

add_reference<int*&>::type int*&

boost::add_volatile

The same type as T volatile for all T.

Note that C++ does not support a volatile reference. It is meaningless.

//T to T volatile

template< typename T >

struct add_volatile

{typedef T volatile type;};

//T& to T&

template< typename T >

struct add_volatile<T&>

{typedef T& type;};

Expression Result Type

add_volatile<int>::type int volatile

add_volatile<int&>::type int&

add_volatile<int*>::type int* volatile

add_volatile<int const>::type int const volatile

boost::remove_all_extents

Remove all array attribute.

//a wrapper that provide the interface of typedef

template< typename T >

struct remove_all_extents

{typedef T type;};

//1d array to its raw type

template< typename T, std::size_t N >

struct remove_all_extents<T[N]>

{typedef typename boost::remove_all_extents<T>::type type;};

template< typename T, std::size_t N >

struct remove_all_extents<T const[N]>

{typedef typename boost::remove_all_extents<T const>::type type;};

template< typename T, std::size_t N >

struct remove_all_extents<T volatile[N]>

{typedef typename boost::remove_all_extents<T volatile>::type type;};

template< typename T, std::size_t N >

struct remove_all_extents<T const volatile[N]>

{typedef typename boost::remove_all_extents<T const volatile>::type type;};

//n-d array to (n-1)-d array(n>=2)

template< typename T >

struct remove_all_extents<T[]>

{typedef typename boost::remove_all_extents<T>::type type;};

template< typename T >

struct remove_all_extents<T const[]>

{typedef typename boost::remove_all_extents<T const>::type type;};

template< typename T >

struct remove_all_extents<T volatile[]>

{typedef typename boost::remove_all_extents<T volatile>::type type;};

template< typename T >

struct remove_all_extents<T const volatile[]>

Expression Result Type

remove_all_extents<int>::type int

remove_all_extents<int const[2]>::type int const

remove_all_extents<int[][2]>::type int

remove_all_extents<int[2][3][4]>::type int

remove_all_extents<int const*>::type int const*

boost::remove_const

Any top level const-qualifier will be removed. There is no "T const& to T&" or "T const * to T*", but "T const to T" and "T const volatile to T volatile" Are provided.

cv_traits_imp::is_const is not used in this module.

//T*, const T*, volatile T*, const volatile T* to T

template <typename T> struct cv_traits_imp {};

template <typename T>

struct cv_traits_imp<T*>

{

static const bool is_const = false;

static const bool is_volatile = false;

typedef T unqualified_type;

};

template <typename T>

struct cv_traits_imp<const T*>

{

static const bool is_const = true;

static const bool is_volatile = false;

typedef T unqualified_type;

};

template <typename T>

struct cv_traits_imp<volatile T*>

{

static const bool is_const = false;

static const bool is_volatile = true;

typedef T unqualified_type;

};

template <typename T>

struct cv_traits_imp<const volatile T*>

{

static const bool is_const = true;

static const bool is_volatile = true;

typedef T unqualified_type;

};

//non-volatile type

template <typename T, bool is_vol>

struct remove_const_helper

{

typedef T type;

};

//为了把T const volatile转换成T volatile,必须加此中间层

template <typename T>

struct remove_const_helper<T, true>

{

typedef T volatile type;

};