序列化与反序列化

序列化:是将对象的状态存储到特定的存储介质中的过程,在序列化的过程 中,会将对象的公有成员,私有成员包括类名,都转换成数据流的形式,存储到存储介质中,

反序列化: 是从将特定存储介质中数据重新构建对象的过程.通过反序列化,可以将文件上的对象信息读取,然后重新构建为对象.

一个类要实现序列化,这个类的特性必须被标识为[Serializable]

序列化保存到存储介质上的文件为二进制文件,因此要对二进制进行操作,要引入命名空间:

using System.Runtime.Seriialization.Formatters.Binary;

对二进制操作,就要用到流,要引入命名空间

using System.IO;

下面是实例

1、建立要被序列化的类，用[Serializable]标识类，Students.cs代码如下

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

namespace SerializableTest

{

//特性,表明此类可以被序列化

[Serializable]

public class Students

{

private string name;

public string Name

{

get { return name; }

set { name = value; }

}

private int age;

public int Age

{

get { return age; }

set { age = value; }

}

}

}

2、封装序列化、反序列化的方法，SerializableClass.cs代码如下

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.IO;

using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

namespace SerializableTest

{

/// <summary>

/// 序列化的类

/// </summary>

public class SerializableClass

{

/// <summary>

/// 序列化学生类的信息

/// </summary>

/// <param name="student"></param>

public void Serial(Students student)

{

FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"c:\test.bin", FileMode.OpenOrCreate);

BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();

bf.Serialize(fs, student);

fs.Close();

}

/// <summary>

/// 反序列化学生类的信息

/// </summary>

/// <returns></returns>

public Students DeSerial()

{

FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"c:\test.bin", FileMode.OpenOrCreate);

BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();

Students stu = bf.Deserialize(fs) as Students;

fs.Close();

return stu;

}

/// <summary>

/// 序列化泛型集合

/// </summary>

/// <param name="stuList"></param>

public void SerialList(List<Students> stuList)

{

FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"c:\test.txt", FileMode.OpenOrCreate);

BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();

bf.Serialize(fs, stuList);

fs.Close();

}

/// <summary>

/// 反序列化泛型集合

/// </summary>

/// <returns></returns>

public List<Students> DeSerialList()

{

FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"c:\test.txt", FileMode.OpenOrCreate);

BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();

List<Students> stuList = bf.Deserialize(fs) as List<Students>;

fs.Close();

return stuList;

}

}

}

3、如何调用，Program.cs代码如下：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

namespace SerializableTest

{

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

SerializableClass sc = new SerializableClass();

Students student = new Students();

student.Name = "王五";

student.Age = 24;

//调用对类序列化的方法

sc.Serial(student);

//调用对类反序列化的方法

Students stuDe = sc.DeSerial() as Students;

Console.WriteLine("对Student类的序列化的输出");

Console.WriteLine("姓名："+stuDe.Name +"，年龄："+ stuDe.Age);

//Student 类 泛型集合

List<Students> stuList = new List<Students>();

Students stu = new Students();

stu.Name = "张三";

stu.Age = 21;

stuList.Add(stu);

Students stu1 = new Students();

stu1.Name = "李四";

stu1.Age = 26;

stuList.Add(stu1);

//调用对泛型序列化的方法

sc.SerialList(stuList);

//调用对泛型反序列化的方法

List<Students> stuList1 = sc.DeSerialList();

foreach (object obj in stuList1)

{

Students stuObj = obj as Students;

Console.WriteLine("姓名：" + stuObj.Name + "，年龄：" + stuObj.Age);

}

}

}

}

输出：对Student类的序列化的输出
姓名：王五，年龄：24
姓名：张三，年龄：21
姓名：李四，年龄：26
请按任意键继续. . .

参考:

http://blog.163.com/pengpeng_614/blog/static/17707169200863110521697/