基于spring3.0.5 mvc 简单用户管理实例

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-28 11:41:17 发布

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-28 11:41:17 发布 · 137 阅读

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#MVC #配置管理 #项目管理 #Spring #Servlet

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本文介绍了一个使用Spring3 MVC和Hibernate的简单用户管理系统的实现过程，包括项目配置、RESTful URL设计、控制器方法定义等关键环节。

临时应急做了两个月的ASP.NET，终于又回到Java上来了，还是Java感觉亲切啊。马上要开发一个新的项目，最近感觉spring mvc势头比较猛，就了解了一下，以前觉得spring mvc用起来较麻烦，所以一直用struts2，但了解了一下spring3 mvc，一下子就喜欢上了它，下个项目决定就用它了，RESTful URL、几乎0配置、不需要实现任何接口或继承任何类的Controller、方法级别的拦截，一个方法对应一个url、灵活的方法参数和返回值、多种view、处理ajax的请求更是方便...

下面的小例子用了spring mvc和hibernate，只是简单的用户增删改查，没有用ajax，ajax的版本在这里：Spring3 MVC + jQuery easyUI 做的ajax版本用户管理(http://www.iteye.com/topic/1081739)，给和我一样准备用spring mvc的朋友参考一下吧。jar包如图：

web.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
	
	<!-- 默认的spring配置文件是在WEB-INF下的applicationContext.xml -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<filter>
		<filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value><!-- 强制进行转码 -->
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	
	<!-- 默认所对应的配置文件是WEB-INF下的{servlet-name}-servlet.xml，这里便是：spring3-servlet.xml -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>spring3</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>spring3</servlet-name>
		<!-- 这里可以用 / 但不能用 /* ，拦截了所有请求会导致静态资源无法访问，所以要在spring3-servlet.xml中配置mvc:resources -->
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

applicationContext.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation=" 
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd" default-autowire="byName">
		<!-- 注意上面的default-autowire="byName"，如果没有这个声明那么HibernateDaoSupport中的sessionFactory不会被注入 -->
		<!-- 约定优于配置，约定优于配置 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test"></property>
		<property name="username" value="root"></property>
		<property name="password" value="root"></property>
	</bean>
	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
       <property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
         <list><!-- 这里直接映射的pojo类所在的包，简单方便不用没次加一个pojo类都需要到这里来添加 -->
            <value>classpath:com/fsj/spring/model</value>
         </list>
       </property>
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
					org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
				</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">
					true
				</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 自动扫描组件，这里要把web下面的 controller去除，他们是在spring3-servlet.xml中配置的，如果不去除会影响事务管理的。-->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.fsj.spring">
		<context:exclude-filter type="regex" expression="com.fsj.spring.web.*"/>
	</context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- 下面是配置声明式事务管理的，个人感觉比用注解管理事务要简单方便 -->
	<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>

	<aop:config>
		<aop:advisor pointcut="execution(* com.fsj.spring.service.*Service.*(..))" advice-ref="txAdvice"/>
	</aop:config>

	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="query*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="load*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="*" rollback-for="Exception"/>
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	
	
</beans>

spring3-servlet.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation=" 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd" default-autowire="byName">
	<!-- 约定优于配置，约定优于配置 -->
	
	<!-- 配置静态资源，直接映射到对应的文件夹，不被DispatcherServlet处理，3.04新增功能，需要重新设置spring-mvc-3.0.xsd -->
	<mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/img/"/>
	<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"/>
	<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/"/>

	<!-- 扫描所有的controller -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.fsj.spring.web" />

	<!-- InternalResourceViewResolver默认的就是JstlView所以这里就不用配置viewClass了 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 启用基于注解的处理器映射，添加拦截器，类级别的处理器映射 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping">
        <property name="interceptors">
            <list>
                <bean class="com.fsj.spring.util.MyHandlerInterceptor"/>
            </list>
        </property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 
	配置一个基于注解的定制的WebBindingInitializer，解决日期转换问题，方法级别的处理器映射，
	有人说该bean要放在context:component-scan前面，要不然不起作用，但我试的放后面也可以啊。
	-->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
	    <property name="cacheSeconds" value="0" />
	    <property name="webBindingInitializer">
	        <bean class="com.fsj.spring.util.MyWebBinding" />
	    </property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

log4j的就不贴出来了。

两个HelloWorldController如下：

package com.fsj.spring.web;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/*
 * 不需要实现任何接口，也不需要继承任何的类
 */
@Controller
public class HelloWorldController {

	/**
	 * 方法都可以接受的参数(参数数量和顺序没有限制)： HttpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse,HttpSession(session必须是可用的) ,PrintWriter,Map,Model,@PathVariable(任意多个)， @RequestParam（任意多个）， @CookieValue （任意多个），@RequestHeader，Object（pojo对象） ,BindingResult等等
	 * 
	 * 返回值可以是：String(视图名)，void（用于直接response），ModelAndView，Map ，Model，任意其它任意类型的对象（默认放入model中，名称即类型的首字母改成小写），视图名默认是请求路径
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/helloWorld")
	public ModelAndView helloWorld() {
		ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
		mav.setViewName("login");
		mav.addObject("message", "Hello World!");
		return mav;
	}
}

package com.fsj.spring.web;

import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import com.fsj.spring.model.TDept;
import com.fsj.spring.model.TUser;
import com.fsj.spring.service.IDeptService;
import com.fsj.spring.service.IUserService;
import com.fsj.spring.util.Constants;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
	
	private IUserService userService;
	private IDeptService deptService;
	
	public IDeptService getDeptService() {
		return deptService;
	}

	public void setDeptService(IDeptService deptService) {
		this.deptService = deptService;
	}

	public IUserService getUserService() {
		return userService;
	}

	public void setUserService(IUserService userService) {
		this.userService = userService;
	}

	@RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public String login(@RequestParam String name,@RequestParam String password,Model model,HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
		TUser user1 = userService.getUserByName(name);
		if(user1 == null) {
			model.addAttribute("message", "用户不存在");
			return "login";
		}else if(password == null || !password.equals(user1.getPassword()) ){
			model.addAttribute("message", "密码错误");
			return "login";
		}else {
			request.getSession().setAttribute(Constants.USER_INFO_SESSION, user1);
			return "welcome";
		}
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/login1",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public String login1(TUser user,HttpServletRequest request,Model model) throws Exception{
		TUser user1 = userService.getUserByName(user.getName());
		if(user1 == null) {
			model.addAttribute("message", "用户不存在");
			return "login";
		}else if(user.getPassword() == null || !user.getPassword().equals(user1.getPassword()) ){
			model.addAttribute("message", "密码错误");
			return "login";
		}else {
			request.getSession().setAttribute(Constants.USER_INFO_SESSION, user1);
			return "welcome";
		}
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/list")
	public String list(Model model,HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		List<TUser> userList = userService.getUserList();
		model.addAttribute("userList", userList);
		List<TDept> deptList = deptService.getDeptList();
		model.addAttribute("deptList", deptList);
		if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(request.getParameter("resMess")) && StringUtils.isNotBlank(request.getParameter("opeMess"))) {
			model.addAttribute("message",setOperateMessage(request.getParameter("resMess"),request.getParameter("opeMess"),"用户"));
		}
		return "user/list";
	}

	private String setOperateMessage(String resMess,String opeMess,String modMess) {
		//TODO 以后可以和写日志结合在一起
		String ope = "";
		String res = "";
		if(Constants.OPERATE_TYPE_ADD.equals(opeMess)) {
			ope = "增加";
		}else if(Constants.OPERATE_TYPE_UPDATE.equals(opeMess)) {
			ope = "更新";
		}else if(Constants.OPERATE_TYPE_DELETE.equals(opeMess)) {
			ope = "删除";
		}
		
		if(Constants.RESULT_SUCCESS.equals(resMess)) {
			res = "成功";
		}else if(Constants.RESULT_FAILED.equals(resMess)) {
			res = "失败";
		}
		return ope + modMess + res;
	}
	
	/*
	 * 同样的请求路径 user/add 如果是get请求就转到增加页面去，如果是post请求就做add操作
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String toAdd(Model model) throws Exception{
		List<TDept> deptList = deptService.getDeptList();
		model.addAttribute("deptList", deptList);
		return "user/add";
	}
	@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public String doAdd(TUser user,Model model) throws Exception{
		try {
			userService.addUser(user);
			model.addAttribute("resMess", Constants.RESULT_SUCCESS);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			model.addAttribute("resMess", Constants.RESULT_FAILED);
			throw e;
		}
		model.addAttribute("opeMess", Constants.OPERATE_TYPE_ADD);
		
		//重定向，防止重复提交，当然这样不能完全解决重复提交的问题，只是简单处理一下，若要较好的防止重复提交可以结合token做，
		//以“/”开关，相对于当前项目根路径，不以“/”开关，相对于当前路径
		//return "redirect:/user/list"; 
		return "redirect:list"; 
	}
	
	/*
	 * Restful模式路径：
	 * 注意这里/update/{id}和@PathVariable("id")中id要一致，这样不管用debug模式还是release模式编译都没问题
	 * 也可以简写成@PathVariable int id，但这样只能以debug模式编译的时候正确，如果用release编译就不正确了，因为如果用release模式编译会把参数的名字改变的
	 * 一般IDE工具都是以debug模式编译的，javac是以release模式编译的
	 * 同样的请求路径 user/update 如果是get请求就转到增加页面去，如果是post请求就做update操作
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/update/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String toUpdate(@PathVariable("id") int id, Model model) throws Exception{
		model.addAttribute("user",userService.getUserById(id));
		model.addAttribute("deptList", deptService.getDeptList());
		return "user/update";
	}
	@RequestMapping(value="/update/{id}",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public String doUpdate(@PathVariable("id") int id, TUser user,Model model) throws Exception{
		try {
			userService.updateUser(user);
			model.addAttribute("resMess", Constants.RESULT_SUCCESS);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			model.addAttribute("resMess", Constants.RESULT_FAILED);
			throw e;
		}
		model.addAttribute("opeMess", Constants.OPERATE_TYPE_UPDATE);
		//return "redirect:../list"; 
		//重定向，防止重复提交，以“/”开关，相对于当前项目根路径，不以“/”开关，相对于当前路径
		return "redirect:/user/list"; 
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/delete/{id}")
	public String delete(@PathVariable("id") int id,Model model)throws Exception{
		try {
			userService.deleteUser(id);
			model.addAttribute("resMess", Constants.RESULT_SUCCESS);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			model.addAttribute("resMess", Constants.RESULT_FAILED);
			throw e;
		}
		model.addAttribute("opeMess", Constants.OPERATE_TYPE_DELETE);
		return "redirect:/user/list";//重定向
	}
}

下面的例子中没有jar包，jar太大了超过10M了，请自己加jar包