Python精简学习笔记(二) -- 字符串/HTTP

函数：

def say():
    print("say hello")
say()

 

注意，say()后面有冒号。即python的函数定义、条件判断后 面均有冒号

 

def printMax(a,b):
    if a>b:
        print("a is max! %d"%a)
    if a<b:
        print("b is max! %d"%b)
printMax(4,5)

 

使用global语句可以定义全局变量, 如global x,y,z

上面的函数也可以指定参数名来赋值：printMax(b=15,a=30)。

 

docStrings

每个对象都可以用xxx.__doc__来调用本身的doc信息。

 

from ... import 可以只引入模块的部分

 

b=["a","b","c"]

del  b[1]

可以把"b"从b数组中去除。

 

日期函数

import time
print(time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d %H_%M_%S"))

 

Join函数

字符串：

",".join("abcde")===>a,b,c,d,e

数组：

" "join(["bb","aa","cc"])===>bb aa cc

 

一个小练习

import os
import time
source_dir = ["G:/roy@loclhost"]
target_dir = "G:/"
target_name = target_dir+time.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")+".zip"
print(' '.join(source_dir))
zip_command = "rar a %s %s" % (target_name,' '.join(source_dir))
if os.system(zip_command)!=1:
    print("压缩成功！")
else:
    print("压缩失败！")

用来压缩某些目录的文件。

 

join很好使

 

======== HTTP ==========

使用httplib或httplib2:

 

原文：http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_54100_7485

[代码] GET 方法

>>> import httplib 
>>> conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("www.python.org") 
>>> conn.request("GET", "/index.html") 
>>> r1 = conn.getresponse() 
>>> print r1.status, r1.reason 
200 OK 
>>> data1 = r1.read() 
>>> conn.request("GET", "/parrot.spam") 
>>> r2 = conn.getresponse() 
>>> print r2.status, r2.reason 
404 Not Found 
>>> data2 = r2.read() 
>>> conn.close()




[代码] HEAD 方法
>>> import httplib 
>>> conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("www.python.org") 
>>> conn.request("HEAD","/index.html") 
>>> res = conn.getresponse() 
>>> print res.status, res.reason 
200 OK 
>>> data = res.read() 
>>> print len(data) 
0
>>> data == '' 
True




[代码] POST 方法

>>> import httplib, urllib 
>>> params = urllib.urlencode({'spam': 1, 'eggs': 2, 'bacon': 0}) 
>>> headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", 
...            "Accept": "text/plain"} 
>>> conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("musi-cal.mojam.com:80") 
>>> conn.request("POST", "/cgi-bin/query", params, headers) 
>>> response = conn.getresponse() 
>>> print response.status, response.reason 
200 OK 
>>> data = response.read() 
>>> conn.close()