Android 适配器(Adapter)、观察者(Observer) 模式

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-31 11:26:16 发布

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-31 11:26:16 发布 · 227 阅读

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本文详细解析了适配器(Adapter)模式与观察者(Observer)模式在Android开发中的应用，包括AdapterView体系与Adapter体系的工作原理，以及如何通过DataSetObserver观察数据集的变化并触发UI更新。

适配器(Adapter)详述：http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/jjwwmlp456/article/details/39893723

观察者(Observer)详述：http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/jjwwmlp456/article/details/39967021

AdapterView 体系

AdapterView中会使用Adapter

Adapter 体系

BaseAdapter 实现了 SpinnerAdapter、ListAdapter

这样的形式，就是适配器模式的应用，这里是采用的是接口适配器

观察者(Observer) 模式

在Adapter中定义了注册和反注册DataSetObserver的方法

public interface Adapter {
  
    void registerDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer);

    void unregisterDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer);

    ...
}

public abstract class DataSetObserver {

    public void onChanged() {
        // Do nothing
    }

    public void onInvalidated() {
        // Do nothing
    }
}

public abstract class BaseAdapter implements ListAdapter, SpinnerAdapter {
    private final DataSetObservable mDataSetObservable = new DataSetObservable();

    public void registerDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer) {
        mDataSetObservable.registerObserver(observer);
    }

    public void unregisterDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer) {
        mDataSetObservable.unregisterObserver(observer);
    }

    public void notifyDataSetChanged() {
        mDataSetObservable.notifyChanged();
    }

    public void notifyDataSetInvalidated() {
        mDataSetObservable.notifyInvalidated();
    }
    ...
}

public class DataSetObservable extends Observable<DataSetObserver> {

    public void notifyChanged() {
        synchronized(mObservers) {
            for (int i = mObservers.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                mObservers.get(i).onChanged();
            }
        }
    }

    public void notifyInvalidated() {
        synchronized (mObservers) {
            for (int i = mObservers.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                mObservers.get(i).onInvalidated();
            }
        }
    }
}

public abstract class Observable<T> {

    protected final ArrayList<T> mObservers = new ArrayList<T>();

    public void registerObserver(T observer) {
        if (observer == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The observer is null.");
        }
        synchronized(mObservers) {
            if (mObservers.contains(observer)) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Observer " + observer + " is already registered.");
            }
            mObservers.add(observer);
        }
    }

    public void unregisterObserver(T observer) {
        if (observer == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The observer is null.");
        }
        synchronized(mObservers) {
            int index = mObservers.indexOf(observer);
            if (index == -1) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Observer " + observer + " was not registered.");
            }
            mObservers.remove(index);
        }
    }

    public void unregisterAll() {
        synchronized(mObservers) {
            mObservers.clear();
        }
    }
}

DataSetObserver 观察者（观察数据集：发生变化onChanged、无效onInvalidated）

Observable 处理观察者（添加、移除、注册、反注册）

DataSetObservable extendsObservable<DataSetObserver> 添加了通知数据改变和无效的两个方法

在AdapterView中

class AdapterDataSetObserver extends DataSetObserver {

        private Parcelable mInstanceState = null;

        @Override
        public void onChanged() {
            mDataChanged = true;
            mOldItemCount = mItemCount;
            mItemCount = getAdapter().getCount();

            // Detect the case where a cursor that was previously invalidated has
            // been repopulated with new data.
            if (AdapterView.this.getAdapter().hasStableIds() && mInstanceState != null
                    && mOldItemCount == 0 && mItemCount > 0) {
                AdapterView.this.onRestoreInstanceState(mInstanceState);
                mInstanceState = null;
            } else {
                rememberSyncState();
            }
            checkFocus();
            requestLayout();
        }

        @Override
        public void onInvalidated() {
            mDataChanged = true;

            if (AdapterView.this.getAdapter().hasStableIds()) {
                // Remember the current state for the case where our hosting activity is being
                // stopped and later restarted
                mInstanceState = AdapterView.this.onSaveInstanceState();
            }

            // Data is invalid so we should reset our state
            mOldItemCount = mItemCount;
            mItemCount = 0;
            mSelectedPosition = INVALID_POSITION;
            mSelectedRowId = INVALID_ROW_ID;
            mNextSelectedPosition = INVALID_POSITION;
            mNextSelectedRowId = INVALID_ROW_ID;
            mNeedSync = false;

            checkFocus();
            requestLayout();
        }

        public void clearSavedState() {
            mInstanceState = null;
        }
    }

自定义了AdapterDataSetObserver，在两个实现方法中都调用了requestLayout()，重新设置layout

整个观察数据变化导致界面改变的流程：
1. 在AdapterView体系中自定义AdapterDataSetObserver，并注册(即添加observer到observable)。

2. 在调用adapter.notifyDataSetChanged()后，内部执行observable的notifyChanged()，

将执行每一个observer的onChanged()，也就达到了更新界面的效果。

notifyDataSetInvalidated同理