Cover-up Method for replacing the Section headings

本文介绍了如何使用HTML为heading元素添加链接,并通过CSS实现特定样式布局,包括定位与背景设置。

内容摘抄自 《Web Design for Developers》by Brian Hogan

 

 

<h2 id="search_header">Search Recipes<span></span></h2>

在heading上加链接

<h2><a id="search_header" href="">Search Recipes<span></span></a></h2>

 

 

#search_header{
  margin: 18px 0;
  padding:0;
  width:180px;
  height:36px;
  overflow:hidden;position:relative;/*关键*/
}

 

 

#search_header span{  
  display:block;  
  position:absolute; left:0; top:0; z-index:1;/*关键*/
  margin:0;  
  padding:0;  
  background: url('....') top left no-repeat;  
}
The replacement command for `netstat` in Linux systems is `ss` (Socket Statistics). This command is part of the `iproute2` package and is used to display detailed information about network connections, similar to `netstat`, but with improved performance and additional features. The `ss` command can show statistics for various types of sockets, including TCP, UDP, and more. It is recommended for use in modern Linux distributions as it provides more efficient and detailed insights into network connections compared to `netstat` [^3]. ### Example Usage of `ss` Command To display all TCP connections, you can use: ```bash ss -t -a ``` This command lists all TCP connections (`-t` for TCP, `-a` for all states). To display UDP connections, you can use: ```bash ss -u -a ``` This command lists all UDP connections (`-u` for UDP). For more detailed output, including process IDs and names, you can use: ```bash ss -tulnp ``` Here, `-t` stands for TCP, `-u` for UDP, `-l` for listening sockets, `-n` to disable service name resolution, and `-p` to show process information. ### Advantages of `ss` - **Performance**: `ss` is faster than `netstat` because it retrieves information directly from the kernel using the `netlink` interface. - **Flexibility**: It supports filtering and formatting options to tailor the output according to specific needs. - **Modern Replacement**: As `netstat` is deprecated, `ss` is the preferred tool for network statistics in modern Linux systems. ### Deprecation of `netstat` The `netstat` command has been deprecated in favor of `ss`. While `netstat` can still be used in some systems, it is not actively maintained, and its functionality is largely superseded by `ss`. Tools like `net-tools`, which include `netstat`, are being phased out in many Linux distributions, making `ss` the standard utility for network diagnostics [^3].
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