Spring MVC开发环境搭建-优快云博客

本文详细介绍如何搭建Spring MVC项目，包括引入必要的依赖库、配置web.xml、创建spring-mvc.xml配置文件及实现Controller类等步骤。

1. 引入依赖的jar包(可从附件中下载以上依赖的jar包)

commons-logging-1.1.jar

spring-aop-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-expression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-web-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-webmvc-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

如果使用maven构建项目，可以在pom.xml文件中加入如下配置：

  <dependencies>

    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
        <version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>  
        <type>jar</type>  
    </dependency>

    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
        <version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>  
        <type>jar</type>  
    </dependency>  

    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  
        <version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>  
        <type>jar</type>  
    </dependency>  

    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
        <version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>  
        <type>jar</type>  
    </dependency>  
   
  </dependencies>

2. 修改web.xml配置文件，增加如下配置

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

3. 添加spring-mvc.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">

	<!-- Spring MVC相关配置 -->  

</beans>

4. 示例

Controller类

package com.springmvc.web.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

public class WebController implements Controller
{

	@Override
	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception 
	{
		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("index.jsp");
		return mv;
	}

}

spring-mvc.xml中增加如下配置

    <bean id="webController" class="com.springmvc.web.controller.WebController" />  
    <bean id="urlMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">  
        <property name="mappings">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="hello">webController</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>

在tomcat中部署并通过如下地址访问：http://localhost:8080/springmvc/hello