c++模板链表实现

简介：主要是利用模板实现链表的操作。模板的使用，使得程序的开发量大大地减少。

可以先定义一个链表LinkList，之后可以定义自己的类了（例如：Student类），使用时就可以这样调用了

LinkList<Student>  L；

下面便是链表的实现：

LinkList.cpp

template<class Type>
struct Node
{
	Type data;
	struct Node *next;
};

template<class Type>
class LinkList
{
private:
	Node<Type> *head;//头指针
public:
	LinkList();
	int InsertLinkList();
	Node<Type> *GetLinkList(int pos);
	int DelLinkList(int pos);
	void PrintLinkList();
	~LinkList();
};

//创建链表
template<class Type>
LinkList<Type>::LinkList()
{
	head = new Node<Type>;
	head->next = NULL;
}
//链表插入 头插入
template<class Type>
int LinkList<Type>::InsertLinkList()
{
	Node<Type> *insertElement = new Node<Type>;
	insertElement->data.Input();//插入结点数据的输入
	insertElement->next = head->next;
	head->next = insertElement;
	return 1;
}
//取链表结点
template<class Type>
Node<Type>* LinkList<Type>::GetLinkList(int pos)
{
	Node<Type> *p = head;
	int point = 0;
	while ((p != NULL) && (point < pos))
	{
		p = p->next;
		point++;
	}
	return point == pos ? p : NULL;
}
//打印链表结点
template<class Type>
void LinkList<Type>::PrintLinkList()
{
	Node<Type> *p;
	p = head->next;
	if (p == NULL)
		cout << "表空!" << endl;
	while (p)
	{
		//		cout << p->data <<setw(2);
		p->data.Print();
		p = p->next;
	}
	cout << endl;
}
//删除链表结点
template<class Type>
int LinkList<Type>::DelLinkList(int pos)
{
	Node<Type> *p, *delElememt;
	int point = 1;
	p = GetLinkList(pos - 1);
	if (p == NULL)
	{
		cout << "position error!" << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	else if (p->next == NULL)
	{
		cout << "this position is not exist" << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	else
	{
		delElememt = p->next;
		p->next = delElememt->next;
		delete delElememt;
		return 1;
	}
}

template<class Type>
LinkList<Type>::~LinkList()
{
	Node<Type> *p, *cur;
	cur = head->next;
	while (1)
	{
		if (cur == NULL)
			break;
		else
		{
			p = cur;
			cur = cur->next;
			delete p;
			p = NULL;
		}
	}
	delete head;
	head = NULL;
}

student.cpp

class Stu
{
private:
	char *name;
	int id;
public:
	Stu();
	Stu(char *na, int ID);
	~Stu();
	void Input();
	void Print();
};

#if 1
Stu::Stu()
{
	name = NULL;
}
Stu::Stu(char *na, int ID)
{
	name = new char[strlen(na) + 1];
	strcpy(name, na);
	id = ID;
}
Stu::~Stu()
{
	delete[]name;
}
void Stu::Input()
{
	cout << "please input name and ID of student" << endl;
	name = new char[20];
	cin >> name >> id;
}
void Stu::Print()
{
	cout << "student:" << id << " name: " << name << endl;
}
#endif

void menu()
{
	cout << "********************" << endl;
	cout << "1---------------插入" << endl;
	cout << "2---------------删除" << endl;
	cout << "3---------------显示" << endl;
	cout << "0---------------退出" << endl;
	cout << "********************" << endl;
	cout << "请选择" << endl;
}
int main(void)
{
	LinkList<Stu> L; //例如，就像这样来调用


	int choice;
	int m = 1;
	while (m)
	{
		menu();
		cin >> choice;
		switch (choice)
		{
		case 1:
		{
				  int ret = L.InsertLinkList();
				  if (ret == 1)
				  {


					  cout << "insert successful!" << endl;
				  }
				  else
				  {
					  cout << "insert failure!" << endl;
				  }
				  break;
		}
		case 2:
		{
				  int pos;
				  cout << "请输入要删除的位置!" << endl;
				  cin >> pos;
				  if (L.DelLinkList(pos) == 1)
				  {
					  cout << "delete successful!" << endl;
				  }
				  else
				  {
					  cout << "delete failure!" << endl;
				  }
				  break;
		}
		case 3:
		{
				  cout << "信息:" << endl;
				  L.PrintLinkList();
				  break;
		}
		case 0:
		{
				  m = 0;
				  break;
		}
		default:
		{
				   cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
				   break;
		}
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

当真正使用的时候，只需要定义自己的类及其成员函数的实现，然后调用就ok了，很方便吧！