AOAPC_I 高精度运算类 bign_aoapc i-优快云博客

本文介绍了一种使用C++实现的大数运算方法，通过自定义结构体支持加法、减法、乘法等基本运算，并展示了如何输入和输出大数实例。此方法适用于超出标准整型或浮点型变量所能表示的数值范围。

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#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

const int MAXN = 200;
struct bign
{
    int len, s[MAXN];

    bign() 
	{
        memset(s, 0, sizeof(s));
        len = 1;
    }

    bign(int num) 
    {
        *this = num;
    }

    bign(const char* num) 
	{
        *this = num;
    }

    bign operator = (int num) 
	{
        char s[MAXN];
        sprintf(s, "%d", num);
        *this = s;
        return *this;
    }

    bign operator = (const char* num) 
	{
        len = strlen(num);
        for(int i = 0; i < len; i++) s[i] = num[len-i-1] - '0';
        return *this;
    }

    string str() const 
	{
        string res = "";
        for(int i = 0; i < len; i++) res = (char)(s[i] + '0') + res;
        if(res == "") res = "0";
        return res;
    }

    bign operator + (const bign& b) const
	{
        bign c;
        c.len = 0;
        for(int i = 0, g = 0; g || i < max(len, b.len); i++) 
		{
            int x = g;
            if(i < len) x += s[i];
            if(i < b.len) x += b.s[i];
            c.s[c.len++] = x % 10;
            g = x / 10;
        }
    return c;
    }

    void clean() 
	{
        while(len > 1 && !s[len-1]) len--;
    }

    bign operator * (const bign& b) 
	{
        bign c; c.len = len + b.len;
        for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
            for(int j = 0; j < b.len; j++)
                c.s[i+j] += s[i] * b.s[j];
        for(int i = 0; i < c.len-1; i++)
		{
            c.s[i+1] += c.s[i] / 10;
            c.s[i] %= 10;
        }
        c.clean();
        return c;
    }

    bign operator - (const bign& b) 
	{
        bign c; c.len = 0;
        for(int i = 0, g = 0; i < len; i++) 
		{
            int x = s[i] - g;
            if(i < b.len) x -= b.s[i];
            if(x >= 0) g = 0;
            else 
			{
                g = 1;
                x += 10;
            }
            c.s[c.len++] = x;
        }
        c.clean();
        return c;
    }

    bool operator < (const bign& b) const
	{
        if(len != b.len) return len < b.len;
        for(int i = len-1; i >= 0; i--)
        if(s[i] != b.s[i]) return s[i] < b.s[i];
        return false;
    }

    bool operator > (const bign& b) const
    {
        return b < *this;
    }

    bool operator <= (const bign& b) 
	{
        return !(b > *this);
    }

    bool operator == (const bign& b) 
	{
        return !(b < *this) && !(*this < b);
    }

    bign operator += (const bign& b) 
	{
        *this = *this + b;
        return *this;
    }
};

istream& operator >> (istream &in, bign& x) 
{
    string s;
    in >> s;
    x = s.c_str();
    return in;
}

ostream& operator << (ostream &out, const bign& x) 
{
    out << x.str();
    return out;
}

int main() 
{
    bign a;
    cin >> a;
    cout << a*a << endl;
    a += "123456789123456789000000000";
    cout << a*2 << endl;
    return 0;
}