NetBIOS名和计算机名的区别

NetBIOS name vs host name

When NetBIOS is run over the TCP/IP protocol,each computer may have multiple "names" — names for the NetBIOS API and another (or others) for basic TCP/IP.

NetBIOS name

The NetBIOS name is 16 ASCII characters, however Microsoft limits the host name to 15 characters and reserves the 16th character as a NetBIOS Suffix. This suffix describes the service or name record type such as host record, master browser record, domain controller record. The host name (or short host name) is specified when Windows networking is installed/configured, the suffixes registered are determined by the individual services supplied by the host. In order to connect to a computer running TCP/IP via its NetBIOS name, the name must be resolved to a network address. Today this is usually an IP address(the NetBIOS name-IP address resolution is often done by either broadcasts or a WINS Server — NetBIOS Name Server). A computer's NetBIOS name is often the same as that computer's host name (see below),although truncated to 15 characters, but it may also be completely different. NetBIOS names can include almost any combination of alphanumeric characters except for spaces and the following characters:

 \ / : * ? " ; |

The Windows LMHOSTS file provides a NetBIOS name resolution method that can be used for small networks that do not use a WINS server.

Host name

A Windows machine's NetBIOS name is not to be confused with the computer's host name. Generally a computer running TCP/IP (whether it's a Windows machine or not) has a host name (also sometimes called a machine name or a DNS name). Generally the host name of a Windows computer is based on the NetBIOS name plus the Primary DNS Suffix, which are both set in the System Control Panel.

There may also be "connection specific suffixes" which can be viewed or changed on the DNS tab in Control Panel → Network →TCP/IP → Advanced Properties. Host names are used by applications such as telnet, ftp,web browsers, etc. In order to connect to a computer running the TCP/IP protocol using its HOST name, the host name must be resolved into an IP Address. Host name- or Fully Qualified Domain Name(FQDN)-IP address resolution is typically done by a Domain Name System (DNS) server.