【codeforces】New Year and Days

一只名叫Limak的小北极熊决定在2016年全年定期储蓄糖果,并选择了一个特定的计划来执行这一任务。该计划可以是在每周的固定某一天或是每月的固定某一天进行储蓄。根据所选的日期,需要计算出在2016年里能够储蓄的糖果总数。
 New Year and Days
Time Limit:2000MS     Memory Limit:262144KB     64bit IO Format:%I64d & %I64u

Description

Today is Wednesday, the third day of the week. What's more interesting is that tomorrow is the last day of the year 2015.

Limak is a little polar bear. He enjoyed this year a lot. Now, he is so eager to the coming year 2016.

Limak wants to prove how responsible a bear he is. He is going to regularly save candies for the entire year 2016! He considers various saving plans. He can save one candy either on some fixed day of the week or on some fixed day of the month.

Limak chose one particular plan. He isn't sure how many candies he will save in the 2016 with his plan. Please, calculate it and tell him.

Input

The only line of the input is in one of the following two formats:

  • "x of week" where x (1 ≤ x ≤ 7) denotes the day of the week. The 1-st day is Monday and the 7-th one is Sunday.
  • "x of month" where x (1 ≤ x ≤ 31) denotes the day of the month.

Output

Print one integer — the number of candies Limak will save in the year 2016.

Sample Input

Input
4 of week一年中有几个星期四
Output
52
Input
30 of month一年中有几个每月的第30天
Output
11

Hint

Polar bears use the Gregorian calendar. It is the most common calendar and you likely use it too. You can read about it on Wikipedia if you want to – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorian_calendar. The week starts with Monday.

In the first sample Limak wants to save one candy on each Thursday (the 4-th day of the week). There are 52 Thursdays in the 2016. Thus, he will save 52 candies in total.

In the second sample Limak wants to save one candy on the 30-th day of each month. There is the 30-th day in exactly 11 months in the 2016 — all months but February. It means that Limak will save 11 candies in total.

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#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
	int n;
	char a[5],b[10];
	while(scanf("%d%s%s",&n,&a,&b)!=EOF)
	{
		int t;
		if(b[0]=='w')
		{
			if(n==5||n==6)
			t=366/7+1;
			else
			t=366/7;
			printf("%d\n",t);
		}
		else
		{
			if(n<=29)
			t=12;
			else if(n==30)
			t=11;
			else 
			t=7;
			
			printf("%d\n",t);
		}
	}
	
	return 0;
}


虽然给定引用中未直接提及“Kuroni and Simple Strings”题目的详细信息,但通常这类题目可能与字符串处理、括号匹配等相关。一般而言,题目可能会给出一个由括号组成的字符串,要求找出能移除的最大数量的不相交的合法括号对,并输出移除这些括号对后的相关信息。 ### 解法分析 #### 栈解法 栈解法是处理括号匹配问题的经典方法。通过遍历字符串,将左括号压入栈中,遇到右括号时,若栈顶为左括号,则将栈顶元素弹出,表示这是一对匹配的括号。 ```python s = input() stack = [] pairs = [] for i, char in enumerate(s): if char == '(': stack.append(i) else: if stack: left_index = stack.pop() pairs.append((left_index + 1, i + 1)) if not pairs: print(0) else: print(1) print(len(pairs) * 2) result = [] for l, r in pairs: result.extend([l, r]) result.sort() print(" ".join(map(str, result))) ``` #### 双指针解法 双指针解法从字符串的两端向中间遍历,分别使用两个指针 `left` 和 `right`。`left` 指针从左向右寻找 `(`,`right` 指针从右向左寻找 `)`,当找到一对匹配的括号时,将它们标记为已移除,继续寻找下一对匹配的括号,直到无法再找到匹配的括号为止。 ```python s = input() n = len(s) left = 0 right = n - 1 pairs = [] while left < right: while left < right and s[left] != '(': left += 1 while left < right and s[right] != ')': right -= 1 if left < right: pairs.append((left + 1, right + 1)) left += 1 right -= 1 if not pairs: print(0) else: print(1) print(len(pairs) * 2) result = [] for l, r in pairs: result.extend([l, r]) result.sort() print(" ".join(map(str, result))) ``` ### 复杂度分析 - **栈解法**:时间复杂度为 $O(n)$,其中 $n$ 是字符串的长度。空间复杂度为 $O(n)$,主要用于栈的空间开销。 - **双指针解法**:时间复杂度为 $O(n)$,空间复杂度为 $O(n)$,主要用于存储匹配的括号对。
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