E: Unable to locate package vim 的解决方案---docker 镜像下安装Vim

1 问题介绍

在使用docker容器时，有时候里边没有安装vim，敲vim命令时提示说：vim: command not found，这个时候就需要安装vim，可是当你敲apt-get install vim命令时，提示：

root@1b4671904bfa:/# apt-get install vim
 
Reading package lists... Done
 
Building dependency tree
 
Reading state information... Done
 
E: Unable to locate package vim

2 问题解决

2.1 配置国内镜像源

实际在使用过程中，运行 apt-get update，然后执行 apt-get install -y vim，下载地址由于是海外地址，下载速度异常慢而且可能中断更新流程，所以做下面配置：

root@1b4671904bfa:/# mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
 
root@1b4671904bfa:/# echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie main non-free contrib" >/etc/apt/sources.list
 
root@1b4671904bfa:/# echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie-proposed-updates main non-free contrib" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
 
root@1b4671904bfa:/# echo "deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie main non-free contrib" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
 
root@1b4671904bfa:/# echo "deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie-proposed-updates main non-free contrib" >>/etc/apt/sources.list

2.2 执行更新和安装命令

root@1b4671904bfa:/# apt-get update
 
Ign:1 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie InRelease
 
Get:2 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie-proposed-updates InRelease [139 kB]
 
Get:3 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie Release [148 kB]
 
Hit:4 http://repo.mysql.com/apt/debian stretch InRelease
 
Get:5 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie Release.gpg [2420 B]
 
Get:6 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie-proposed-updates/main Sources [1036 B]
 
Get:7 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie-proposed-updates/main amd64 Packages [720 B]
 
Get:8 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie/contrib Sources [50.4 kB]
 
Get:9 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie/non-free Sources [99.2 kB]
 
Get:10 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie/main Sources [7063 kB]
 
Get:11 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie/non-free amd64 Packages [83.2 kB]
 
Get:12 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie/main amd64 Packages [6818 kB]
 
Get:13 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie/contrib amd64 Packages [49.8 kB]
 
Fetched 14.5 MB in 9s (1543 kB/s)
 
Reading package lists... Done
root@1b4671904bfa:/# apt-get install -y vim
 
Reading package lists... Done
 
Building dependency tree
 
Reading state information... Done
 
The following additional packages will be installed:
 
vim-common vim-runtime
 
Suggested packages:
 
ctags vim-doc vim-scripts
 
The following NEW packages will be installed:
 
vim vim-common vim-runtime
 
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
 
Need to get 6185 kB of archives.
 
After this operation, 28.9 MB of additional disk space will be used.
 
Get:1 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie/main amd64 vim-common amd64 2:7.4.488-7+deb8u3 [185 kB]
 
Get:2 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:7.4.488-7+deb8u3 [5048 kB]
 
Get:3 http://mirrors.163.com/debian jessie/main amd64 vim amd64 2:7.4.488-7+deb8u3 [953 kB]
 
Fetched 6185 kB in 4s (1308 kB/s)
 
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
 
Selecting previously unselected package vim-common.
 
(Reading database ... 8735 files and directories currently installed.)
 
Preparing to unpack .../vim-common_2%3a7.4.488-7+deb8u3_amd64.deb ...
 
Unpacking vim-common (2:7.4.488-7+deb8u3) ...
 
Selecting previously unselected package vim-runtime.
 
Preparing to unpack .../vim-runtime_2%3a7.4.488-7+deb8u3_all.deb ...
 
Adding 'diversion of /usr/share/vim/vim74/doc/help.txt to /usr/share/vim/vim74/doc/help.txt.vim-tiny by vim-runtime'
 
Adding 'diversion of /usr/share/vim/vim74/doc/tags to /usr/share/vim/vim74/doc/tags.vim-tiny by vim-runtime'
 
Unpacking vim-runtime (2:7.4.488-7+deb8u3) ...
 
Selecting previously unselected package vim.
 
Preparing to unpack .../vim_2%3a7.4.488-7+deb8u3_amd64.deb ...
 
Unpacking vim (2:7.4.488-7+deb8u3) ...
Setting up vim-common (2:7.4.488-7+deb8u3) ...
Setting up vim-runtime (2:7.4.488-7+deb8u3) ...
Processing /usr/share/vim/addons/doc
Setting up vim (2:7.4.488-7+deb8u3) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vim (vim) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vimdiff (vimdiff) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/rvim (rvim) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/rview (rview) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vi (vi) in auto mode
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/view (view) in auto mode
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/ex (ex) in auto mode
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/editor (editor) in auto mode
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist

1.这个命令的作用是：同步 /etc/apt/sources.list 和 /etc/apt/sources.list.d 中列出的源的索引，这样才能获取到最新的软件包。

等更新完毕以后再敲命令：apt-get install vim

到此，vim命令安装成功！