iOS蓝牙开发

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-02 15:04:27 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-06-02 15:04:27 发布 · 725 阅读

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原文链接：https://juejin.cn/post/6844903839800229901

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iOS蓝牙开发

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蓝牙基础知识
蓝牙库
当前iOS中的蓝牙开发使用的都是系统自带的蓝牙库<CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>

蓝牙设备版本要求
蓝牙设备必须是4.0或者以上

CoreBluetooth框架的核心
CoreBluetooth框架中的核心是peripheral和central, 它们分别表示外设和中心,设备上可以认为手机就是中心, 蓝牙设备就是外设

服务和特征
蓝牙设备它有若干个服务service,每个服务里面有包含若干个特征characteristic,特征就是提供数据的地方

连接蓝牙的具体实现
实现流程
1.建立中心角色
2.扫描外设
3.连接外设
4.获取外设中的服务和特征
5.与外设做交互

实现步骤
1.导入CoreBluetooth头文件,添加代理,建立中心角色
#import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>

@interface ViewController : UIViewController<CBCentralManagerDelegate,CBPeripheralDelegate>

@property (strong, nonatomic) CBCentralManager *centralManager; //蓝牙管理者

@property(strong,nonatomic)CBPeripheral *peripheral; //存储匹配成功的外设

-(void)viewDidLoad {

[super viewDidLoad];



     //初始化,最后一个线程参数可以为nil,默认是main线程

self.centralManager = [[CBCentralManager alloc] initWithDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];

}

2.扫描外设
/*

1.初始化成功会自动调用

2.必须实现的代理,返回centralManager的状态

3.只有在状态为CBManagerStatePoweredOn的情况下才可以开始扫描外设

-(void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central {

switch (central.state) {

    case CBManagerStateUnknown:

        NSLog(@">>>未知");

        break;

    case CBManagerStateResetting:

        NSLog(@">>>重置");

        break;

    case CBManagerStateUnsupported:

        NSLog(@">>>设备不支持");

        break;

    case CBManagerStateUnauthorized:

        NSLog(@">>>设备未授权");

        break;

    case CBManagerStatePoweredOff:

    {

        NSLog(@">>>设备关闭");

        self.bleStatusBlock(NO);

    }

        break;

    case CBManagerStatePoweredOn:

    {

        NSLog(@">>>设备打开");

         //开始扫描外设, 然后会进入didDiscoverPeripheral方法

         /*

            1. 两个参数为nil表示默认扫描所有可见的蓝牙设备

            2. 第一个参数用来设置扫描有指定服务的外设

            3. 第二个参数用来设置是否重复扫描已经发现的设备



            NSDictionary *options = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:CBCentralManagerScanOptionAllowDuplicatesKey];

            Bool值为Yes,表示重复扫描, 反之表示不会重复扫描

         */

        [self.centralManager scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil options:nil];

    }

        break;

    default:

        break;

}

}

连接外设
//扫描到的设备可以在这个方法里面打印

-(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(nonnull CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(nonnull NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)advertisementData RSSI:(nonnull NSNumber *)RSSI { NSLog(@">>>advertisementData :%@ name :%@ ",advertisementData,peripheral.name);

     //有些产品是根据Mac地址来进行配对, 在这里我们就可以拿到,具体什么规则, 根据各个蓝牙设备来定

NSData *data = [advertisementData objectForKey:@"kCBAdvDataManufacturerData"];

//解析

//.....

if(自己的判断) {

    //找到的设备必须持有它，否则CBCentralManager中也不会保存peripheral，那么CBPeripheralDelegate中的方法也不会被调用！！

    self.peripheral = peripheral;



    //停止扫描

    [self.centralManager stopScan];



    //连接外设

    [_centralManager connectPeripheral:peripheral options:nil];

}

}

//连接到Peripherals-成功

(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral

{

NSLog(@">>>连接到名称为（%@）的设备-成功",peripheral.name);

}

//连接到Peripherals-失败

-(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error

{

NSLog(@">>>连接到名称为（%@）的设备-失败,原因:%@",[peripheral name],[error localizedDescription]);

}

//Peripherals断开连接

(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error

{

NSLog(@">>>外设连接断开连接 %@: %@\n", [peripheral name], [error localizedDescription]);

}

获取外设中的服务和特征
//连接外设成功

-(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral {

     NSLog(@">>>连接到名称为（%@）的设备-成功",peripheral.name);

peripheral.delegate=self;//这个方法调用发现服务协议

[peripheral discoverServices:nil];

}

//扫描到服务

-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error {

NSLog(@">>>扫描到服务：%@",peripheral.services);

if (error) {

    NSLog(@">>>Discovered services for %@ with error: %@", peripheral.name, [error localizedDescription]);

    return;

}

     for (CBService *service in [peripheral services]){

    [peripheral discoverCharacteristics:nil forService:service];

}

}

//扫描到特征

(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error {

   if (error) {

  NSLog(@"error Discovered characteristics for %@ with error: %@", service.UUID, [error localizedDescription]);

  return;

}

   for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in service.characteristics) {

           NSLog(@">>>服务:%@ 的 特征: %@",service.UUID,characteristic.UUID);

           //筛选你需要的UUID,进行连接

  if ([characteristic.UUID isEqual:yourUUID) {



               订阅,实时接收

      [peripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:characteristic];

  }

}

读取数据
//获取指定特性的数据

(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error

{

//接收蓝牙发来的数据

 NSLog(@"characteristic uuid:%@  value:%@",characteristic.UUID,characteristic.value);

}

写入数据
//写入数据

-(void)writeData {

[self.peripheral writeValue:data forCharacteristic:self.characteristic type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse];

}

//写入数据的回调

(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didWriteValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(nullable NSError *)error

{

if (error) {

     NSLog(@"error Discovered characteristics for %@ with error: %@", characteristic.UUID, [error localizedDescription]);

    return;

}

NSLog(@"characteristic uuid:%@  value:%@",characteristic.UUID,characteristic.value);

}

断开连接