haproxy

haproxy简介:

HAProxy是一个使用C语言编写的自由及开放源代码软件[1],其提供高可用性、负载均衡,以及基于TCP和HTTP的应用程序代理。
HAProxy特别适用于那些负载特大的web站点,这些站点通常又需要会话保持或七层处理。HAProxy运行在当前的硬件上,完全可以支持数以万计的并发连接。并且它的运行模式使得它可以很简单安全的整合进您当前的架构中, 同时可以保护你的web服务器不被暴露到网络上。
HAProxy实现了一种事件驱动, 单一进程模型,此模型支持非常大的并发连接数。多进程或多线程模型受内存限制 、系统调度器限制以及无处不在的锁限制,很少能处理数千并发连接。事件驱动模型因为在有更好的资源和时间管理的用户空间(User-Space) 实现所有这些任务,所以没有这些问题。此模型的弊端是,在多核系统上,这些程序通常扩展性较差。这就是为什么他们必须进行优化以 使每个CPU时间片(Cycle)做更多的工作。
包括 GitHub、Bitbucket[3]、Stack Overflow[4]、Reddit、Tumblr、Twitter[5][6]和 Tuenti[7]在内的知名网站,及亚马逊网络服务系统都使用了HAProxy。 [1]

在这里插入图片描述

环境

调度服务器192.168.11.150
Web1服务器192.168.11.146/24
Web2服务器192.168.11.148/24

关闭防火墙和seliunx

[root@RS2 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@RS2 ~]# setenforce 0
//安装httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@RS1 html]# echo 'rs1' > index.html
[root@RS1 ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.

[root@RS2 html]# yum -y install httpd
[root@RS2 ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@RS2 html]# echo 'rs2' > index.html
[root@RS2 html]# systemctl enable --now httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# scp www.example.com.crt www.example.com.key 192.168.11.148:/root


[root@RS1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf 
SSLCipherSuite PROFILE=SYSTEM
SSLProxyCipherSuite PROFILE=SYSTEM
SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl/www.example.com.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/ssl/www.example.com.key




//安装模块mod_ssl
[root@RS1 ~]# yum -y install mod_ssl
[root@RS2 ~]# yum -y install mod_ssl


取消注释
[root@RS1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf 
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"   取消注释
ServerName www.example.com:443 取消注释
//修改证书存放位置
SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl/www.example.com.crt 
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/ssl/www.example.com.key
[root@RS1 ~]#  systemctl restart httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port 
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*    
LISTEN 0      128                 *:80                *:*    
LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:*    
LISTEN 0      128                 *:443               *:*    
[root@RS1 ~]# 

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[root@RS2 ~]# mkdir /etc/httpd/ssl && mv www.example.com.* /etc/httpd/ssl/
[root@RS2 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf 
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/httpd/ssl && mv www.example.com.* /etc/httpd/ssl/
取消注释
[root@RS2 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf 
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"   取消注释
ServerName www.example.com:443 取消注释
//修改证书存放位置
SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl/www.example.com.crt 
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/ssl/www.example.com.key
[root@RS2 ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@RS2 ~]# ss -antl
State    Recv-Q   Send-Q     Local Address:Port                  Peer Address:Port                
LISTEN   0        128              0.0.0.0:22                         0.0.0.0:*                   
LISTEN   0        128                    *:443                              *:*                   
LISTEN   0        128                    *:80                               *:*                   
LISTEN   0        128                 [::]:22                            [::]:*                   
[root@RS2 ~]# 

在这里插入图片描述

haproxy安装
//安装依赖包
[root@haproxy ~]# yum -y install make gcc pcre-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel systemd-devel
//创建账户
[root@haproxy ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin haproxy
//解压
[root@haproxy ~]# tar xf haproxy-2.3.0.tar.gz 

[root@haproxy ~]# cd haproxy-2.3.0
[root@haproxy haproxy-2.3.0]# make clean //清除临时文件; 清理临时文件

```
//编译
[root@haproxy haproxy-2.3.0]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo |wc -l)  \
TARGET=linux-glibc  \
USE_OPENSSL=1  \
USE_ZLIB=1  \
USE_PCRE=1  \
USE_SYSTEMD=1

[root@haproxy haproxy-2.3.0]# make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
[root@haproxy haproxy-2.3.0]# cp haproxy /usr/sbin/

配置各个负载的内核参数
[root@haproxy haproxy-2.3.0]# echo 'net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1' >>  /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@haproxy haproxy-2.3.0]# echo 'net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf

[root@haproxy haproxy-2.3.0]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@haproxy haproxy-2.3.0]# 

提供配置文件
[root@haproxy haproxy-2.3.0]# mkdir /etc/haproxy  //创建一个haproxy目录
[root@haproxy haproxy-2.3.0]# cat > /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg <<EOF
#--------------全局配置----------------
global
    log 127.0.0.1 local0  info
    #log loghost local0 info
    maxconn 20480
#chroot /usr/local/haproxy
    pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
    #maxconn 4000
    user haproxy
    group haproxy
    daemon
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
#common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
#use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
defaults
    mode http
    log global
    option dontlognull
    option httpclose
    option httplog
    #option forwardfor
    option redispatch
    balance roundrobin
    timeout connect 10s
    timeout client 10s
    timeout server 10s
    timeout check 10s
    maxconn 60000
    retries 3
#--------------统计页面配置------------------
listen admin_stats
    bind 0.0.0.0:8189
    stats enable
    mode http
    log global
    stats uri /haproxy_stats
    stats realm Haproxy\ Statistics
    stats auth admin:admin
    #stats hide-version
    stats admin if TRUE
    stats refresh 30s
#---------------web设置-----------------------
listen webcluster
    bind 0.0.0.0:80
    mode http
    #option httpchk GET /index.html
    log global
    maxconn 3000
    balance roundrobin
# cookie SESSION_COOKIE insert indirect nocache   
  server web01 192.168.11.148:80 check inter 2000 fall 5
    server web01 192.168.146:80 cookie web01 check inter 2000 fall 5
    
[root@ld ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg 
    cookie SESSION_COOKIE insert indirect nocache
    server web01 192.168.11.148:80 check inter 2000 fall 5
    server web01 192.168.146:80 cookie web01 check inter 2000 fall 5

EOF
haproxy.service文件编写
[[root@localhost haproxy-2.3.0]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service 
[Unit]
Description=HAProxy Load Balancer
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg   -c -q
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/haproxy -Ws -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg  -p /var/run/haproxy.pid

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
~                            
[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl  daemon-reload  //重新加载

启用日志

[root@haproxy ~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf 
local0.*    /var/log/boot.log

[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl restart rsyslog



[root@localhost haproxy-2.3.0]# systemctl restart rsyslog  //查看状态
[root@localhost haproxy-2.3.0]# systemctl status rsyslog
● rsyslog.service - System Logging Service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyslog.serv>
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-11-13 11:06:>
     Docs: man:rsyslogd(8)
           https://www.rsyslog.com/doc/
 Main PID: 17129 (rsyslogd)
    Tasks: 3 (limit: 12320)
   Memory: 1.3M
   CGroup: /system.slice/rsyslog.service
           └─17129 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n
Nov 12 20:39:15 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Start>
Nov 12 20:39:15 localhost.localdomain rsyslogd[16917]: >
Nov 12 20:39:15 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Start>
Nov 12 20:39:15 localhost.localdomain rsyslogd[16917]: >
lines 1-15/15 (END)
启动服务
[root@ld ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port                                                    
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:80          0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:8189        0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:*                  

//验证

[root@localhost ~]# curl  http://192.168.11.150
rs2
[root@localhost ~]# curl  http://192.168.11.150
rs1
[root@localhost ~]# curl  http://192.168.11.150
rs2
[root@localhost ~]# curl  http://192.168.11.150
rs1
[root@localhost ~]# 
实现https负载均衡

修改配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cat  /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg 
#--------------全局配置----------------
global
    log 127.0.0.1 local0  info
    #log loghost local0 info
    maxconn 20480
#chroot /usr/local/haproxy
    pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
    #maxconn 4000
    user haproxy
    group haproxy
    daemon
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
#common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
#use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
defaults
    mode tcp
    log global
    option dontlognull
    option httpclose
    option httplog
    #option forwardfor
    option redispatch
    balance roundrobin
    timeout connect 10s
    timeout client 10s
    timeout server 10s
    timeout check 10s
    maxconn 60000
    retries 3
#--------------统计页面配置------------------
listen admin_stats
    bind 0.0.0.0:8189
    stats enable
    mode http
    log global
    stats uri /haproxy_stats
    stats realm Haproxy\ Statistics
    stats auth admin:admin
    #stats hide-version
    stats admin if TRUE
    stats refresh 30s
#---------------web设置-----------------------
listen webcluster
    bind 0.0.0.0:443
    mode tcp
    #option httpchk GET /index.html
    log global
    maxconn 3000
    balance roundrobin
    cookie SESSION_COOKIE insert indirect nocache
    server web01 192.168.11.146:443 check inter 2000 fall 5
   server web02 192.168.11.148:443 check inter 2000 fall 5
#server web02 192.168.11.148:443 cookie web01 check inter 2000 fall 5


[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port                                                    
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:443         0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:8189        0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:* 

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