本文介绍了一个用于批量重建 SQL Server 数据库索引的存储过程，支持按数据库、表及索引名称进行筛选，并可根据碎片率阈值选择是否进行重建。此外，还提供了一个更为复杂的存储过程示例，该过程能够根据不同碎片率自动选择索引重建或重新组织。
重建(重新组织)索引的存储过程
USE [你的dbname]
GO
/****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[P_BatchRebuildIndex] Script Date: 2017/7/4 15:23:27 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
-- =============================================
-- Create date: <2017-07-01>
-- Description: <批量重建索引>
-- EXEC P_BatchRebuildIndex 'dbo','','',30
-- =============================================
Create proc [dbo].[P_BatchRebuildIndex]
--@DataBase nvarchar(50)=null,--数据库名称，必输项
@Scheme nvarchar(50)=null,--架构名称
@TableName nvarchar(50)=null, --要重建索引的表名称,为空表示所有表
@IndexName nvarchar(200)=null ,--要重建的索引名称
@FragmentPercent decimal(10,5)=0 --碎片率为多少以上的药重建
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @Sql nvarchar(2000);
DECLARE @RebuildSql nvarchar(2000);
DECLARE @ERROR nvarchar(500);
DECLARE @Tables table(TableName nvarchar(100), Indexid int,IndexName nvarchar(200), FragmentPercent decimal(10,5));
----判断数据库是否存在
--IF DB_ID(@DataBase) is null
--BEGIN
-- RAISERROR('数据库不存在，请输入正确的数据库名称！',16,1);
-- RETURN -1;
--END
--判断架构是否存在
IF isnull(@Scheme,'')<>'' and SCHEMA_ID(@Scheme) is null
BEGIN
RAISERROR('架构不存在，请输入正确的架构名称！',16,1);
RETURN -1;
END
--表存不存在
IF isnull(@TableName,'')<>''
BEGIN
--有架构
IF isnull(@Scheme,'')<>'' and SCHEMA_ID(@Scheme) is null
BEGIN
IF OBJECT_ID(@Scheme+'.'+@TableName) is null
BEGIN
SET @ERROR='表不存在，请输入正确的表名称！'
RAISERROR(@ERROR,16,2);
RETURN -1;
END
END
--没有架构
IF not exists(select 1 from sys.tables as A where A.name=@TableName )
BEGIN
SET @ERROR='表不存在，请输入正确的表名称！'
RAISERROR(@ERROR,16,5);
RETURN -1;
END
END
--索引存不存在
IF isnull(@IndexName,'')<>''
BEGIN
IF not exists(select 1 from sys.SysObjects where name=@IndexName and (xtype=N'UQ' OR xtype=N'PK') )
BEGIN
RAISERROR('索引不存在，请输入正确的索引名称！',16,3);
RETURN -1;
END
END
--如果表名为空表示所有表，如果索引为空表示所有索引
--默认查询所有表，所有索引，所有百分比
SET @Sql='SELECT D.name+''.''+object_name(a.object_id) [TableName] ,a.index_id ,B.name [IndexName] ,avg_fragmentation_in_percent
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats ( DB_ID() , NULL , NULL, NULL, NULL ) AS A
JOIN sys.indexes AS B ON a.object_id = b.object_id AND a.index_id = b.index_id
inner JOIN sys.tables AS C ON a.object_id=C.object_id
inner JOIN sys.schemas AS D ON C.schema_id=D.schema_id
WHERE a.index_id > 0 '
IF isnull(@Scheme,'') <>''
BEGIN
SET @Sql +=' and D.name= '''+@Scheme+''' ';
END
IF isnull(@TableName,'')<>''
BEGIN
SET @Sql +=' and object_name(a.object_id)= '''+@TableName+''' ';
END
IF isnull(@IndexName,'')<>''
BEGIN
SET @Sql +=' and B.name= '''+@IndexName+''' ';
END
IF isnull(@FragmentPercent,0)>0
BEGIN
SET @Sql +=' and avg_fragmentation_in_percent>= '+convert(nvarchar(10),@FragmentPercent)+' ';
END
INSERT INTO @Tables
EXEC (@Sql)
select '重建前',* from @Tables
DECLARE cur cursor for
select TableName, IndexName from @Tables
OPEN cur
DECLARE @tbName NVARCHAR(100),@IXName NVARCHAR(200)
FETCH NEXT FROM cur INTO @tbName,@IXName
WHILE(@@fetch_status=0)
BEGIN
SET @RebuildSql='alter index ['+@IXName+'] on '+@tbName+' rebuild' --要加上[],否则索引里有空格会报错
EXEC (@RebuildSql)
print @RebuildSql
FETCH NEXT FROM cur INTO @tbName,@IXName
END
CLOSE cur
DEALLOCATE cur
--重建后查询
delete @Tables
INSERT INTO @Tables
EXEC (@Sql)
select '重建后',* from @Tables
Print N'执行完毕！';
return 0;
END这个sp在sqlserver 2012,2014上均运行过没有问题，这个用于批量重建比较方便，如果是针对单个表也可以运行这样的sql语句来做如下：
alter index [IX_T_NewsTags_NewsId] on dbo.T_NewsTags rebuild下面附上一个即有重建，也有重新组织索引的存储过程
USE [msdb]
GO
/****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[IndexMaintain] Script Date: 09/14/2012 17:59:33 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author
-- Create date: 2012/01/17
-- Description: IndexMaintain
-- ==============================================
ALTER procedure [dbo].[IndexMaintain]
as
SET NOCOUNT on
BEGIN TRY
declare @EXCEPTION VARCHAR(MAX)
declare @MailSubject NVARCHAR(255)
declare @DBName NVARCHAR(255)
declare @TableName NVARCHAR(255)
declare @SchemaName NVARCHAR(255)
declare @IndexName NVARCHAR(255)
declare @avg_fragmentation_in_percent_old DECIMAL(18,3)
declare @avg_page_space_used_in_percent_old DECIMAL(18,3)
declare @avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new DECIMAL(18,3)
declare @avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new DECIMAL(18,3)
declare @Defrag NVARCHAR(max)
declare @Sql NVARCHAR(max)
declare @ParmDefinition nvarchar(500)
set @EXCEPTION=''
--删除#Frag
if exists(select * from sys.objects where object_id=object_id(N'#Frag'))
drop table #Frag
--定义临时表#Frag保存index Fragment
create table #Frag(
DBname NVARCHAR(255),
TableName NVARCHAR(255),
SchemaName NVARCHAR(255),
IndexName NVARCHAR(255),
AvgFragment DECIMAL(18,3),
avg_page_space_used DECIMAL(18,3)
)
--遍历DB中所有table上的index,并将Fragment保存到临时表#Frag中.
exec sp_MSforeachdb @command1= 'insert into #Frag(DBname, TableName,SchemaName,IndexName,AvgFragment,avg_page_space_used)
select ''[?]'' AS DBName, t.Name AS TableName, sc.Name AS SchemaName, i.name AS IndexName, s.avg_fragmentation_in_percent, s.avg_page_space_used_in_percent
from [?].sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(''?''),NULL,NULL,NULL,''Sampled'') AS s
join [?].sys.indexes i on s.Object_Id=i.Object_id and s.Index_id=i.Index_id
join [?].sys.tables t on i.Object_id=t.Object_ID
join [?].sys.schemas sc on t.schema_id=sc.SCHEMA_ID
where s.avg_fragmentation_in_percent >20 and t.type=''U'' and s.page_count>8 and i.allow_page_locks=1 and i.allow_row_locks=1
order by TableName,IndexName '
--定义CURSOR遍历临时表#Frag,根据Fragment大小采取不同的方案维护index.
declare cList CURSOR for
select * from #Frag
open cList
fetch next from cList into @DBName,@TableName,@SchemaName,@IndexName,@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_old,@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_old
while @@FETCH_STATUS=0
begin
set @TableName ='['+ @TableName +']'
--Fragment between 20.0 and 40.0 ,使用 Alter INDEX reorganize整理碎片
if @avg_fragmentation_in_percent_old between 20.0 and 40.0 AND @DBName <>'[TOPCOA]'
begin
--整理碎片
set @Defrag=N'Alter INDEX '+''+@IndexName+' on '+@DBName+'.'+@SchemaName+'.'+@TableName+' reorganize'
exec sp_executesql @Defrag
--获取index被整理后的碎片比例
set @Sql=N'USE '+@DBName+'; select @avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new_temp=s.avg_fragmentation_in_percent,@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new_temp= s.avg_page_space_used_in_percent
from '+@DBName+'.sys.indexes i
inner join '+@DBName+'.sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(db_id(replace(replace('''+@DBName+''',''['',''''),'']'','''')), object_id('''+@TableName+''''+'),null,null,''sampled'') as s on i.index_id=s.index_id
where i.object_id=object_id('''+@TableName+''''+')and i.name='''+@IndexName+''''
set @ParmDefinition=N'@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new_temp DECIMAL(18,3) output,@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new_temp DECIMAL(18,3) output'
exec sp_executesql @Sql,@ParmDefinition ,@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new_temp=@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new output, @avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new_temp=@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new output
--write log
insert [dbo].IndexDefrag values(@DBName,@TableName,@SchemaName,@IndexName,getdate(),@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_old,@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_old,@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new,@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new,'0')
end
--Fragment大于40.0 ,使用 Alter INDEX rebuild整理碎片
else if @avg_fragmentation_in_percent_old >40.0 AND @DBName <>'[TOPCOA]'
begin
--整理碎片
set @Defrag=N'Alter INDEX '+''+@IndexName+' on '+@DBName+'.'+@SchemaName+'.'+@TableName+' rebuild'
exec sp_executesql @Defrag
--获取index被整理后的碎片比例
set @Sql=N'USE '+@DBName+';select @avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new_temp=s.avg_fragmentation_in_percent,@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new_temp= s.avg_page_space_used_in_percent
from '+@DBName+'.sys.indexes i
inner join '+@DBName+'.sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(db_id(replace(replace('''+@DBName+''',''['',''''),'']'','''')), object_id('''+@TableName+''''+'),null,null,''sampled'') as s on i.index_id=s.index_id
where i.object_id=object_id('''+@TableName+''''+')and i.name='''+@IndexName+''''
set @ParmDefinition=N'@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new_temp DECIMAL(18,3) output,@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new_temp DECIMAL(18,3) output'
exec sp_executesql @Sql,@ParmDefinition ,@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new_temp=@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new output, @avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new_temp=@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new output
--write log
insert [dbo].IndexDefrag values(@DBName,@TableName,@SchemaName,@IndexName,getdate(),@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_old,@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_old,@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_new,@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_new,'1')
end
fetch next from cList into @DBName,@TableName,@SchemaName,@IndexName,@avg_fragmentation_in_percent_old,@avg_page_space_used_in_percent_old
end
close cList
deallocate cList
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
SET @EXCEPTION = ERROR_MESSAGE()
END CATCH
IF @EXCEPTION<>''
BEGIN
SET @MailSubject='[Important]DB Index Maintainence failed from ' + @@SERVERNAME
EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
@profile_name = 'mail',
@recipients = 'xxxxxx@xxx.com',
@body = @EXCEPTION,
@subject = @MailSubject
END
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