使用JMS实现MQ消息处理

MQ针对Java语言提供了两种接口来实现消息的发送和接收，这两种接口分别是：

Ø Java

Ø JMS

在北京地税财税库行横向联网项目中采用了MQ作为消息中间件，消息的发送和接收采用的是Java接口，在本文中将说明如何采用JMS实现MQ消息发送和接收功能。

2 JMS实现 MQ消息处理技术说明

如果使用JMS来访问MQ，则应当使用一个目录服务器来实现MQ连接工厂和队列资源的注册，以供客户端查找，客户端的在获取JMS资源的应选择LDAP。





3 环境准备
本次测试采用如下软件进行测试

Ø MQ 6.0 for windows

Ø IBM Tivoli Directory Server 6.0 （LDAP）

Ø WebLogic 10.1

4 创建MQ对象
进入到MQ队列管理器创建中创建队列管理器和队列

1） 创建队列管理器QM_YFZX

2） 在队列管理器中创建队列QUEUE_TEST

5 LDAP配置
在TDS中创建一个LDAP分支dc=liutg用于MQ JMS注册使用，其访问的URL为：ldap://192.100.8.244:389/dc=liutg。

使用MQ提供的JMSAdmin工具实现连接工厂和队列的注册，步骤如下

1) 进入到%MQ%\Java\bin目录

2) 编辑JMSAdmin.config文件，按照下面内容进行修改

INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY=com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory

PROVIDER_URL=ldap://192.100.8.244:389/dc=liutg

SECURITY_AUTHENTICATION=simple

PROVIDER_USERDN=cn=root

PROVIDER_PASSWORD=admin123

3) 运行JMSAdmin命令





注册队列连接工厂

Def qcf(ConnectionFactory-mq) qmgr(QM_YFZX)





注册队列

Def q(Queue-mq) qmgr(QM_YFZX) queue(QUEUE_TEST)








查看注册上下文：

Dis ctx





查看队列连接工厂

Dis qcf(cn= ConnectionFactory-mq)





查看队列

Dis q(cn=Queue-mq)





6 使用JMS发送消息
6.1 处理
1）获取上下文

Hashtable<String,String> env = new Hashtable<String,String>();

env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, “com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory”);

env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, “ldap://192.100.8.244:389/dc=liutg”);

Context ctx = new InitialContext(env);

QueueConnectionFactory qconFactory =

(QueueConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(“cn=ConnectionFactory-mq”);

QueueConnection qcon = qconFactory.createQueueConnection();

QueueSession qsession = qcon.createQueueSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

Queue queue = (Queue) ctx.lookup(queueName);

QueueSender qsender = qsession.createSender(queue);


TextMessage msg = qsession.createTextMessage();

qcon.start();

msg.setText(“hello …”);

qsender.send(msg);



qsender.close();

qsession.close();

qcon.close();











6.2 示例
public class LdapQueueSend

{

// Defines the JNDI context factory. LDAP

public final static String JNDI_FACTORY="com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory";





// Defines the JMS context factory.

public final static String JMS_FACTORY="cn=ConnectionFactory-mq";





// Defines the queue.

public final static String QUEUE="cn=Queue-mq";





private QueueConnectionFactory qconFactory;

private QueueConnection qcon;

private QueueSession qsession;

private QueueSender qsender;

private Queue queue;

private TextMessage msg;





/**

* Creates all the necessary objects for sending

* messages to a JMS queue.

*

* @param ctx JNDI initial context

* @param queueName name of queue

* @exception NamingException if operation cannot be performed

* @exception JMSException if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error

*/

public void init(Context ctx, String queueName)

throws NamingException, JMSException

{

qconFactory = (QueueConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(JMS_FACTORY);

qcon = qconFactory.createQueueConnection();

qsession = qcon.createQueueSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

queue = (Queue) ctx.lookup(queueName);

qsender = qsession.createSender(queue);

msg = qsession.createTextMessage();

qcon.start();

}





/**

* Sends a message to a JMS queue.

*

* @param message message to be sent

* @exception JMSException if JMS fails to send message due to internal error

*/

public void send(String message) throws JMSException {

msg.setText(message);

msg.setJMSCorrelationID("Req");

qsender.send(msg);

}





/**

* Closes JMS objects.

* @exception JMSException if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error

*/

public void close() throws JMSException {

qsender.close();

qsession.close();

qcon.close();

}

/** main() method.

*

* @param args WebLogic Server URL

* @exception Exception if operation fails

*/

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

//weblogic 10 FILE

InitialContext ic = getInitialContext("ldap://192.100.8.244:389/dc=liutg");


LdapQueueSend qs = new LdapQueueSend();

qs.init(ic, QUEUE);

readAndSend(qs);

qs.close();

}





private static void readAndSend(LdapQueueSend qs)

throws IOException, JMSException

{

BufferedReader msgStream = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

String line=null;

boolean quitNow = false;

do {

System.out.print("Enter message (\"quit\" to quit): \n");

line = msgStream.readLine();

if (line != null && line.trim().length() != 0) {

qs.send(line);

System.out.println("JMS Message Sent: "+line+"\n");

quitNow = line.equalsIgnoreCase("quit");

}

} while (! quitNow);





}





private static InitialContext getInitialContext(String url)

throws NamingException

{

Hashtable<String,String> env = new Hashtable<String,String>();

env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY);

env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, url);

return new InitialContext(env);

}





}





7 使用JMS接收消息




package com.syax.study.jms;





import java.util.Hashtable;

import javax.jms.*;

import javax.naming.Context;

import javax.naming.InitialContext;

import javax.naming.NamingException;

import javax.transaction.UserTransaction;





/**

* This example shows how to establish a connection to

* and receive messages from a JMS queue in a client-demarcated

* transaction. The classes in this package operate on the same

* JMS queue. Run the classes together to witness messages being

* sent and received, and to browse the queue for messages.

*

* @author Copyright (c) 1999-2006 by BEA Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

*/

public class LdapQueueReceiveInTx

{

// Defines the JNDI context factory.

public final static String JNDI_FACTORY="com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory";





// Defines the JMS connection factory for the queue.

public final static String JMS_FACTORY="cn=ConnectionFactory-mq";





// Defines the queue.

public final static String QUEUE="cn=Queue-mq";





private QueueConnectionFactory qconFactory;

private QueueConnection qcon;

private QueueSession qsession;

private QueueReceiver qreceiver;

private Queue queue;

// private UserTransaction utx;





/**

* Receives message interface.

*/

public void receiveMessages() throws Exception {

Message msg = null;

String msgText = "";





try {

// Set transaction timeout to 30 minutes.

// utx.setTransactionTimeout(1800);

// utx.begin();

System.out.println("TRANSACTION BEGUN");

do {

msg = qreceiver.receive();



if (msg != null) {

if (msg instanceof TextMessage) {

msgText = ((TextMessage)msg).getText();

} else {

msgText = msg.toString();

}

System.out.println("Message Received: "+ msgText );

if (msgText.equalsIgnoreCase("rollback")) {

// utx.rollback();

System.out.println("TRANSACTION RollBacked");

}

if (msgText.equalsIgnoreCase("quit")) {

// utx.commit();

System.out.println("TRANSACTION COMMITTED");

}

}

} while(msg != null && ! msgText.equalsIgnoreCase("quit"));

} catch (JMSException jmse) {

System.out.println("Error receiving JMS message: "+jmse);

System.err.println("An exception occurred: "+jmse.getMessage());

throw jmse;

}

}





/**

* Creates all the necessary objects for receiving

* messages from a JMS queue.

*

* @param ctx JNDI initial context

* @param queueName name of queue

* @exception NamingException operation cannot be performed

* @exception JMSException if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error

*/

public void init(Context ctx, String queueName)

throws NamingException, JMSException

{

qconFactory = (QueueConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(JMS_FACTORY);

qcon = qconFactory.createQueueConnection();

qsession = qcon.createQueueSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

//utx = (UserTransaction) ctx.lookup("javax.transaction.UserTransaction");

queue = (Queue) ctx.lookup(queueName);



// qreceiver = qsession.createReceiver(queue);

qreceiver = qsession.createReceiver(queue,"JMSCorrelationID='Req'");

qcon.start();

}





/**

* Closes JMS objects.

* @exception JMSException if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error

*/

public void close() throws JMSException {

qreceiver.close();

qsession.close();

qcon.close();

}





/**

* main() method.

*

* @param args WebLogic Server URL

* @exception Exception if execution fails

*/

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {





InitialContext ic = getInitialContext("ldap://192.100.8.244:389/dc=liutg");


LdapQueueReceiveInTx qr = new LdapQueueReceiveInTx();

qr.init(ic, QUEUE);





System.out.println("JMS Ready To Receive Messages (To quit, send a \"quit\" message).");





qr.receiveMessages();

qr.close();

}





private static InitialContext getInitialContext(String url)

throws NamingException

{

Hashtable<String,String> env = new Hashtable<String,String>();

env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY);

env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, url);

return new InitialContext(env);

}





}














8 与WebLogic集成
WebLogic与MQ集成有两种方法，一种是通过JMS Bridge实现，这种方法是将消息从MQ队列中放入到WebLogic Server中的队列，由于MQ优于WebLogic server自带的队列，这种方法MQ不能有效发挥其作用并且额外增加了WebLogic Server的处理量，因此不做考虑；第二种方法为创建一个外部的JMS Server，具体方法如下，

1） 设置WebLogic ClassPath。将MQ的java类包拷贝到WebLogic Domain的Lib目录下，启动WebLogic，进入WebLogic控制台

2） 创建一个JMS Module

3） 在JMS Module中创建一个Foreign Server

JNDI Initial Context Factory: com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory

JNDI Connection URL ldap://192.100.8.244:389/dc=liutg

4） 在新创建的Foreign Server中

创建一个ForeignDestination，

Local JNDI Name：Queue-mq


Remote JNDI Name：cn=Queue-mq


创建一个ConnectionFactory

Local JNDI Name：ConnectionFactory-mq


Remote JNDI Name：cn= ConnectionFactory-mq




这样，WebLogic就可以使用本地定义的ConnectionFactory和Queue来访问MQ。发送消息采用JMS发送，接收消息可以采用MDB实现。