Mysql insert语句

MySQL的INSERT语法小结

mysql> create table addressbook(fname varchar(255) null,lname varchar(255) null,

phone varchar(255) null,fax varchar(255) null,email varchar(255) null);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

mysql> desc addressbook;

+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |

+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

| fname | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |

| lname | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |

| phone | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |

| fax | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |

| email | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |

+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

5 rows in set (0.06 sec)

当向表中插入字符串值（以及一些数据值时）。必须使用引号，否则MySQL认为它们是字段名：

mysql> insert into addressbook(fname,lname,phone,fax,email)

-> values('Rob',Rabbit,'674 1536','382 8364','rob@some.domain');

ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'Rabbit' in 'field list'

包含引用标志的值需要在前面加上反斜线，不过数值不需要加引号：

mysql> insert into addressbook(fname,lname,phone,fax,email)

-> values('France','D\'Souza','123 4567','000 7574','fdz@some.domain');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> select * from addressbook;

+--------+---------+----------+----------+-----------------+

| fname | lname | phone | fax | email |

+--------+---------+----------+----------+-----------------+

| France | D'Souza | 123 4567 | 000 7574 | fdz@some.domain |

+--------+---------+----------+----------+-----------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在一个单独的Insert语句中使用多个VALUES()子句可以插入多条记录：

mysql> insert stocks (symbol,price,quantity) values('ABCD',100,4500),

-> ('HYDH',2000,29),('UGTS',25,67);

也可以不使用INSERT。。。VALUES格式，而是使用类似的UPDATE语句，它使用SET语句分别为每一列设置值。故可以不进行下面的操作：

mysql> insert into stocks(symbol,price,quantity) values('HYDH',2000,29);

而是这样做：

mysql> insert into stocks set symbol='HYDH',price=2000,quantity=29;

使用DEFAULT值

mysql> create table forums(name varchar(150) not null,category varchar(50) defau

lt 'UNIX' not null,postsperpage smallint default 15 not null,highlightcolor varc

har(10) default 'red' not null);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

mysql> insert into forums(name) values('Apache');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> insert into forums(name,highlightcolor) values('Sendmail','green');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> select * from forums;

+----------+----------+--------------+----------------+

| name | category | postsperpage | highlightcolor |

+----------+----------+--------------+----------------+

| Apache | UNIX | 15 | red |

| Sendmail | UNIX | 15 | green |

+----------+----------+--------------+----------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL 4.0.3以及更高版本支持DEFAULT关键字，MySQL使用这个关键字为记录设置列的默认值。

mysql> insert into forums(name,category,postsperpage,highlightcolor)

-> values('MySQL',default,default,default);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

使用AUTOINCREMENT字段

当使用AUTOINCREMENT列创建序列时，在INSERT语句中不使用字段名将导致MySQL自动产生序列的下一个序号。这个序号作为表的主键。

mysql> insert into users(uname,upass) values('jim','secret');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> insert into users(uname,upass) values('sarah','opense');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> insert into users(uname,upass) values('tim','whiteboard');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> select * from users;

+-----+-------+------------+

| uid | uname | upass |

+-----+-------+------------+

| 1 | jim | secret |

| 2 | sarah | opense |

| 3 | tim | whiteboard |

+-----+-------+------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

使用NULL值

我们可以在INSERT语句中使用NULL关键字来向一个字段（只要没有标记为NOT NULL）输入NULL值。下面的例子通过向包含NULL值的email和fax字段的addressbook表添加记录进行说明：

mysql> insert into addressbook(fname,lname,phone,fax,email)

-> values('Polly','Parrot','239 1828',NULL,NULL);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> select * from addressbook where email is null or fax is null;

+-------+--------+----------+------+-------+

| fname | lname | phone | fax | email |

+-------+--------+----------+------+-------+

| Polly | Parrot | 239 1828 | NULL | NULL |

+-------+--------+----------+------+-------+

1 row in set (0.02 sec)

转自 http://blog.itpub.net/15203236/viewspace-616118