hadoop 1.x 伪分布式搭建-优快云博客

本文提供了从安装JDK到配置Hadoop环境的完整指南，包括创建用户、配置主机名、下载并解压Hadoop安装包，以及配置核心配置文件和环境变量。最终，通过格式化命名节点并启动所有守护进程，实现了Hadoop的伪分布式安装。

下载hadoop1.0.4版本，和jdk1.6版本或更高版本：
1. 安装JDK，安装目录大家可以自定义，下面是我的安装目录：

/usr/jdk1.6.0_22

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配置环境变量：

[root@hadoop hadoop-1.0.4]# vi /etc/profile

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将环境变量添加到profile文件底部：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/jdk1.6.0_22
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

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激活环境变量：

[root@hadoop hadoop-1.0.4]# source /etc/profile

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2. 安装hadoop
创建hadoop用户及其hadoop组。
配置IP对应域名在

[root@hadoop hadoop-1.0.4]$ vi /etc/hosts

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在hosts文件底部中添加如下：

192.168.0.101 hadoop.master

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接下来下载hadoop安装包，大家可以到apache官网下载1.0.4版本
我这里将hadoop安装到hadoop用户目录下，解压hadoop安装文件，hadoop有三个核心配置文件core-site.xml,hdfs-site.xml,mapred-site.xml，
配置core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.default.name</name>
<value>hdfs://hadoop.master:9000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/home/hadoop/tmp</value>
</property>
</configuration>

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配置hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.name.dir</name>
<value>/home/hadoop/hdfs/name</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.data.dir</name>
<value>/home/hadoop/hdfs/data</value>
</property>
</configuration>

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配置 mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
<value>hadoop.master:9001</value>
</property>
</configuration>

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最后配置haoop-env.sh文件

# Set Hadoop-specific environment variables here.
# The only required environment variable is JAVA_HOME. All others are
# optional. When running a distributed configuration it is best to
# set JAVA_HOME in this file, so that it is correctly defined on
# remote nodes.
# The java implementation to use. Required.
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/jdk1.6.0_22
# Extra Java CLASSPATH elements. Optional.
export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/hadoop-1.0.4
# export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=
# The maximum amount of heap to use, in MB. Default is 1000.
# export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE=2000
# Extra Java runtime options. Empty by default.
# export HADOOP_OPTS=-server
# Command specific options appended to HADOOP_OPTS when specified
export HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote $HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote $HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_BALANCER_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote $HADOOP_BALANCER_OPTS"
export HADOOP_JOBTRACKER_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote $HADOOP_JOBTRACKER_OPTS"
# export HADOOP_TASKTRACKER_OPTS=
# The following applies to multiple commands (fs, dfs, fsck, distcp etc)
# export HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS
# Extra ssh options. Empty by default.
# export HADOOP_SSH_OPTS="-o ConnectTimeout=1 -o SendEnv=HADOOP_CONF_DIR"
# Where log files are stored. $HADOOP_HOME/logs by default.
# export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/logs
# File naming remote slave hosts. $HADOOP_HOME/conf/slaves by default.
# export HADOOP_SLAVES=${HADOOP_HOME}/conf/slaves
# host:path where hadoop code should be rsync'd from. Unset by default.
# export HADOOP_MASTER=master:/home/$USER/src/hadoop
# Seconds to sleep between slave commands. Unset by default. This
# can be useful in large clusters, where, e.g., slave rsyncs can
# otherwise arrive faster than the master can service them.
# export HADOOP_SLAVE_SLEEP=0.1
# The directory where pid files are stored. /tmp by default.
# export HADOOP_PID_DIR=/var/hadoop/pids
# A string representing this instance of hadoop. $USER by default.
# export HADOOP_IDENT_STRING=$USER
# The scheduling priority for daemon processes. See 'man nice'.
# export HADOOP_NICENESS=10
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin