XSD文件详解

from ： http://www.cnblogs.com/chenqingwei/archive/2010/05/10/1731743.html

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
<studentlist>
  <student id="A101">
    <name>李华</name>
    <sex>男</sex>
    <birthday>1978.9.12</birthday>
    <score>92</score>
    <skill>Java</skill>
    <skill>Oracle</skill>
    <skill>C Sharp</skill>
    <skill>SQL Server</skill>
  </student>
<studentlist>

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<xs:schema id="原子类型" targetNamespace="http://student.com" elementFormDefault="qualified"
    xmlns="http://student.com" xmlns:mstns="http://student.com" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <xs:element name="student">
      <xs:complexType>
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element name="name" type="nameType"/>  
          <xs:element ref="age"/>
          <xs:element ref="sex"/>
          <xs:element ref="phone"/>
        </xs:sequence>
      </xs:complexType>
    </xs:element>
    
    <xs:simpleType name="nameType">
      <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
        <xs:minLength value="4"/>
        <xs:maxLength value="8"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:simpleType>
    
    <xs:element name="age">
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:restriction base="xs:int">
          <xs:minInclusive value="1"/>
          <xs:maxInclusive value="100"/>
        </xs:restriction>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:element>
    
      <xs:element name="sex">
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
          <xs:enumeration value="男"/>
          <xs:enumeration value="女"/>
        </xs:restriction>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:element>
    
    <xs:element name="phone">
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
          <xs:pattern value="\d{3}-\d{8}"/>
        </xs:restriction>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

 

MSDN上面一个例子:

 

  <!-- booksSchema.xml  -->     
    
  <?xml   version='1.0'?>   
  <!--   This   file   represents   a   fragment   of   a   book   store   inventory   database   -->   
  <bookstore   xmlns   =   "schema.xsd">   
      <book   genre="autobiography"   publicationdate="1981"   ISBN="1-861003-11-0">   
          <title>The   Autobiography   of   Benjamin   Franklin</title>   
          <author>   
              <first-name>Benjamin</first-name>   
              <last-name>Franklin</last-name>   
          </author>   
          <price>8.99</price>   
      </book>   
      <book   genre="novel"   publicationdate="1967"   ISBN="0-201-63361-2">   
          <title>The   Confidence   Man</title>   
          <author>   
              <first-name>Herman</first-name>   
              <last-name>Melville</last-name>   
          </author>   
          <price>11.99</price>   
      </book>   
      <book   genre="philosophy"   publicationdate="1991"   ISBN="1-861001-57-6">   
          <title>The   Gorgias</title>   
          <author>   
              <first-name>Sidas</first-name>   
              <last-name>Plato</last-name>   
          </author>   
          <price>9.99</price>   
      </book>   
  </bookstore>   

 <!-- schema.xsd -->  
    
  <xsd:schema   xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"   
          xmlns="schema.xsd"   
          elementFormDefault="qualified"   
          targetNamespace="schema.xsd">   
    
    <xsd:element   name="bookstore"   type="bookstoreType"/>   
    
    <xsd:complexType   name="bookstoreType">   
      <xsd:sequence   maxOccurs="unbounded">   
        <xsd:element   name="book"     type="bookType"/>   
      </xsd:sequence>   
    </xsd:complexType>   
    
    <xsd:complexType   name="bookType">   
      <xsd:sequence>   
        <xsd:element   name="title"   type="xsd:string"/>   
        <xsd:element   name="author"   type="authorName"/>   
        <xsd:element   name="price"     type="xsd:decimal"/>   
      </xsd:sequence>   
      <xsd:attribute   name="genre"   type="xsd:string"/>   
      <xsd:attribute   name="publicationdate"   type="xsd:string"/>   
      <xsd:attribute   name="ISBN"   type="xsd:string"/>   
    </xsd:complexType>   
    
    <xsd:complexType   name="authorName">   
      <xsd:sequence>   
        <xsd:element   name="first-name"     type="xsd:string"/>   
        <xsd:element   name="last-name"   type="xsd:string"/>   
      </xsd:sequence>   
    </xsd:complexType>   
    
  </xsd:schema>   

<!-- bookSchemaFail.xml   -->
    
  <?xml   version='1.0'?>   
  <bookstore   xmlns="schema.xsd">   
      <book>   
          <author>   
              <first-name>Benjamin</first-name>   
              <last-name>Franklin</last-name>   
          </author>   
      </book>   
      <book   genre="novel">   
          <title>The   Confidence   Man</title>   
          <author>   
              <first-name>Herman</first-name>   
              <last-name>Melville</last-name>   
          </author>   
          <price>11.99</price>   
      </book>   
      <book   genre="philosophy">   
          <title>The   Gorgias</title>   
          <author>   
              <name>Plato</name>   
          </author>   
          <price>9.99</price>   
      </book>   
  </bookstore> 

  using   System;   
  using   System.Xml;   
  using   System.Xml.Schema;   
  using   System.IO;   
    
  namespace   SchemaData   
  {   
  ///   <summary>   
  ///   Validator   的摘要说明。   
  ///   </summary>   
  public   class   Validator   
  {   
    
  private   const   String   document3   =   "booksSchema.xml";   
  private   const   String   document4   =   "booksSchemaFail.xml";   
  private   const   String   document5   =   "schema.xsd";   
    
  private   XmlValidatingReader   myXmlValidatingReader   =   null;   
  private   XmlTextReader   myXmlTextReader   =   null;   
  private   Boolean   Success   =   true;   
  private   String[]   args   =   {document3,   document4,   document5};   
    
  public   Validator()   
  {   
  //   
  //   TODO:   在此处添加构造函数逻辑   
  //       
  }       
    
  public   void   Run()   
  {   
  try   
  {   
    
  XmlSchemaCollection   myXmlSchemaCollection   =   new   XmlSchemaCollection();   
  myXmlSchemaCollection.Add("schema.xsd"   ,   new   XmlTextReader(args[2]));   
    
  //   用架构验证   XML   文件   
  Success   =   true;   
  Console.WriteLine();   
  Console.WriteLine("正在用架构文件   schema.xsd   验证   XML   文件   booksSchema.xml   ...");   
  myXmlTextReader   =   new   XmlTextReader   (args[0]);   
  myXmlValidatingReader   =   new   XmlValidatingReader(myXmlTextReader);   
  myXmlValidatingReader.Schemas.Add(myXmlSchemaCollection);   
  myXmlValidatingReader.ValidationType   =   ValidationType.Schema;   
  Validate();   
    
  //   架构验证失败   
  Success   =   true;   
  Console.WriteLine();   
  Console.WriteLine("正在用架构文件   schema.xsd   验证   XML   文件   booksSchemaFail.xml   ...");   
  myXmlTextReader   =   new   XmlTextReader   (args[1]);   
  myXmlValidatingReader   =   new   XmlValidatingReader(myXmlTextReader);   
  myXmlValidatingReader.Schemas.Add(myXmlSchemaCollection);   
  myXmlValidatingReader.ValidationType   =   ValidationType.Schema;   
  Validate();   
  }   
    
  catch   (Exception   e)   
  {   
  Console.WriteLine("异常："   +   e.ToString());   
  }   
    
  finally   
  {   
  //   通过   XmlTextReader   完成   
  if   (myXmlValidatingReader   !=   null)   
  myXmlValidatingReader.Close();   
  }   
  }   
    
  private   void   Validate()   
  {   
  try   
  {   
  //   设置验证事件处理程序   
  myXmlValidatingReader.ValidationEventHandler   +=   new   ValidationEventHandler   (this.ValidationEventHandle);   
    
  //   读取   XML   数据   
  while   (myXmlValidatingReader.Read()){}   
  Console.WriteLine   ("验证已完成。验证   {0}",   (Success==true   ?   "成功"   :   "失败"));   
  }   
  catch   (XmlException   e)   
  {   
  Console.WriteLine   ("Xml   异常："   +   e.ToString());   
  }   
    
  catch   (Exception   e)   
  {   
  Console.WriteLine   ("异常："   +   e.ToString());   
  }   
  }   
    
  public   void   ValidationEventHandle   (object   sender,   ValidationEventArgs   args)   
  {   
  Success   =   false;   
    
  Console.WriteLine("\t验证错误："   +   args.Message);   
    
  if   (args.Severity   ==   XmlSeverityType.Warning)   
  {   
  Console.WriteLine("未找到要强制验证的架构。");   
  }     
  else   
  if   (args.Severity   ==   XmlSeverityType.Error)   
  {   
  Console.WriteLine("验证实例文档时发生验证错误。");   
  }     
    
  if   (args.Exception   !=   null)   //   XSD   架构验证错误   
  {   
  Console.WriteLine(args.Exception.SourceUri   +   ","   +     args.Exception.LinePosition   +   ","   +     args.Exception.LineNumber);   
  }   
    
  //if   (myXmlValidatingReader.Reader.LineNumber   >   0)   
  //{   
  //         Console.WriteLine("Line:   "+   myXmlValidatingReader.Reader.LineNumber   +   "   Position:   "   +   myXmlValidatingReader.Reader.LinePosition);   
  //}   
  }   
    
  }   
  }