To check if your system is working in the Docker app

To check if your system is working in the Docker app, follow these steps:

1. Check Docker Status

  • Desktop Application:
    • Open the Docker Desktop application.
    • Ensure that Docker is running (check the status indicator; it should be green or say "Running").
  • Command Line:

    docker info

    This will display information about the Docker daemon. If it’s running, you’ll see details about containers, images, and other Docker-related configurations.

2. List Running Containers

  • Command Line: Run the following command to see if any containers are active:

    docker ps

    This will list all currently running containers. Look for your system container in the output.

  • Desktop Application: Go to the "Containers" or "Containers/Apps" tab t

(.venv) superset@f9f59f0d7a08:/app$ pip install --upgrade pip WARNING: The directory '/app/superset_home/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned or is not writable by the current user. The cache has been disabled. Check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you should use sudo's -H flag. Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable Requirement already satisfied: pip in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (23.0.1) Collecting pip Downloading pip-25.3-py3-none-any.whl (1.8 MB) ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 1.8/1.8 MB 45.7 MB/s eta 0:00:00 Installing collected packages: pip WARNING: The scripts pip, pip3 and pip3.10 are installed in '/app/superset_home/.local/bin' which is not on PATH. Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location. Successfully installed pip-25.3 [notice] A new release of pip is available: 23.0.1 -> 25.3 [notice] To update, run: pip install --upgrade pip (.venv) superset@f9f59f0d7a08:/app$ pip install --upgrade pip WARNING: The directory '/app/superset_home/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned or is not writable by the current user. The cache has been disabled. Check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you should use sudo's -H flag. Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable Requirement already satisfied: pip in ./superset_home/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (25.3) (.venv) superset@f9f59f0d7a08:/app$ pip install PIL WARNING: The directory '/app/superset_home/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned or is not writable by the current user. The cache has been disabled. Check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you should use sudo's -H flag. Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement PIL (from versions: none) ERROR: No matching distribution found for PIL (.venv) superset@f9f59f0d7a08:/app$
11-27
你遇到的问题是典型的 **Docker 容器内权限与 Python 包管理混乱** 的情况。我们来一步步分析并解决: --- ## 🧾 问题总结 你在 Superset 容器中执行了以下命令: ```bash pip install --upgrade pip pip install PIL ``` 结果出现多个警告和错误: | 问题 | 原因 | |------|------| | `The directory .../.cache/pip is not writable` | 权限不足,缓存目录无法写入 | | `Defaulting to user installation` | 当前用户无权写入系统 site-packages,自动降级为用户安装 | | `scripts pip, pip3... are installed in ~/.local/bin which is not on PATH` | 安装的可执行文件不在环境变量中 | | `ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement PIL` | `PIL` 是旧库名,已废弃,正确包名是 `Pillow` | --- ## ✅ 正确解决方案(推荐在 Dockerfile 中完成) ### ❌ 不要在运行中的容器里用 `pip install` 永久安装包! 因为: - 容器重启后丢失 - 安装路径混乱(user/local/system) - 权限问题频发 - 不符合 CI/CD 最佳实践 ✅ **应该通过 `Dockerfile` 构建镜像时安装依赖** --- ## ✅ 第一步:修复 `pip` 升级带来的路径问题(临时) 你现在看到的 `pip` 已升级到 25.3,但装在了用户目录: ``` /app/superset_home/.local/bin/pip ``` 而这个路径 **不在 `PATH` 中**,所以即使升级了你也可能调用不到。 ### 🔧 临时修复:手动添加到 PATH ```bash export PATH="/app/superset_home/.local/bin:$PATH" ``` 然后验证: ```bash which pip # 应输出:/app/superset_home/.local/bin/pip pip --version ``` > ⚠️ 这只是当前会话有效,重启容器就没了。 --- ## ✅ 第二步:正确安装 Pillow(图像处理库) ### ❌ 错误命令: ```bash pip install PIL ``` 👉 `PIL`(Python Imaging Library)是 **1997 年的老项目**,早已停止维护。 ✅ 正确命令是: ```bash pip install Pillow ``` ### ✅ 在容器中临时安装测试(仅用于验证功能): ```bash export PATH="/app/superset_home/.local/bin:$PATH" pip install Pillow ``` 或者强制指定目标目录(如果 `.venv` 可写): ```bash pip install --target /app/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages Pillow ``` 但最稳妥的方式还是改 `Dockerfile`。 --- ## ✅ 第三步:修改 `Dockerfile.superset`(永久解决方案) ```Dockerfile FROM apache/superset:latest # 设置工作目录 WORKDIR /app # 安装系统依赖(必须!否则 Pillow 编译失败) RUN apt-get update && \ apt-get install -y \ build-essential \ libpng-dev \ libjpeg-dev \ libfreetype6-dev \ libwebp-dev \ zlib1g-dev \ curl \ && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* # 👉 关键:确保使用 Superset 的虚拟环境 ENV PATH="/app/.venv/bin:$PATH" # 安装 Python 依赖 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir \ Pillow==10.0.1 && \ echo "✅ Pillow installed in virtual environment." # 可选:启用 PDF 导出 # RUN pip install --no-cache-dir weasyprint # 验证安装 RUN python -c "from PIL import Image; print('🟩 PIL is working!')" # 启动脚本等... ``` --- ## ✅ 第四步:重建镜像并启动 ```bash # 停止并删除旧容器 docker-compose down # 强制重新构建(带缓存清除) docker-compose build --no-cache superset # 启动服务 docker-compose up -d ``` --- ## ✅ 第五步:进入容器验证 ```bash docker exec -it superset bash source /app/.venv/bin/activate # 确保激活环境 python -c "from PIL import Image; print(Image.__file__)" ``` 你应该看到输出类似: ``` /app/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/PIL/Image.py ``` ✅ 表示成功安装且能导入! --- ## ✅ 第六步:检查 Superset 是否不再报 `No PIL installation found` 虽然日志可能还会打印一次(早期检测机制),但只要截图、缩略图、PDF 功能正常,就可以忽略该提示。 > 💡 提示:你可以创建一个仪表板,等待几分钟看是否生成预览图 → 如果有图 = 成功! --- ## 🔒 权限问题根源解释 你看到的: ``` WARNING: The directory '/app/superset_home/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned or is not writable by the current user. ``` 是因为: - `/app/superset_home` 是你挂载的宿主机目录 - 宿主机上该目录属于 `root` 或其他用户 - 容器内运行的是非 root 用户(如 `superset`) - 所以没有写权限 ### ✅ 解决方法 #### 方法一:修改宿主机目录权限 ```bash # 在宿主机执行 sudo chown -R 1000:1000 ./superset_home # 或根据容器内 UID 调整 ``` #### 方法二:在 Dockerfile 中切换用户(不推荐除非必要) ```Dockerfile USER root # 安装完成后切回 USER superset ``` 但建议保持最小权限原则,不要随便用 root。 --- ## ✅ 总结:你应该怎么做? | 目标 | 操作 | |------|------| | ✅ 永久安装 Pillow | 修改 `Dockerfile`,`pip install Pillow` | | ✅ 避免权限警告 | 确保 `superset_home` 目录对容器用户可写 | | ✅ 使用正确的包名 | `pip install Pillow`,不是 `PIL` | | ✅ 不在运行时安装 | 所有依赖都应在构建阶段完成 | | ✅ 验证功能而非只看日志 | 测试截图、图表缩略图是否生成 | --- ###
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