05泛型编程--类模板函数实现写在类外

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-26 17:09:45 发布

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本文介绍了一个使用C++模板实现的通用复数类。该类支持基本的复数运算如加法和减法，并通过重载运算符提供直观的操作方式。此外，还实现了输出复数的功能。

特别注意细节

#include<stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
class Complex
{
public:
	friend ostream& operator<<<T>(ostream &out, Complex &c3);
	Complex(T a = 0, T b = 0);
	void PrintfComplex();
	Complex operator+(Complex &c);
	Complex operator-(Complex &c);
private:
	T a;
	T b;
};

template <typename T>
Complex<T>::Complex(T a = 0, T b = 0)
{
	this->a = a;
	this->b = b;
}

template <typename T>
void Complex<T>::PrintfComplex()
{
	if (b >= 0)
		cout << a << " + " << b << "i" << endl;
	else
		cout << a << " - " << abs(b) << "i" << endl;
}

template <typename T>
Complex<T> Complex<T>::operator+(Complex<T> &c)
{
	Complex temp(a + c.a, b + c.b);
	return temp;
}

template <typename T>
Complex<T> Complex<T>::operator-(Complex<T> &c)
{
	Complex temp(a - c.a, b - c.b);
	return temp;
}

template <typename T>
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, Complex<T> &c3)
{
	if (c3.b >= 0)
		out << c3.a << " + " << c3.b << "i" << endl;
	else
		out << c3.a << " - " << abs(c3.b) << "i" << endl;
	return out;
}


void main()
{
	Complex<int> c1(1, 2);
	Complex<int> c2(3, 4);
	Complex<int> c3;
	Complex<int> c4;
	c3 = c1 + c2;
	c4 = c1 - c2;
	cout << c1 << endl << c2 << endl << c3 << endl << c4 << endl;

	system("pause");
	return;
}