hibernate的主键生成器

本文介绍了Hibernate的主键生成器使用,包括程序员控制的assigned方式、数据库控制的identity和sequence,以及Hibernate自身控制的increment、uuid和uuid.hex。同时详细讲解了如何自定义主键生成器,包括在.hbm.xml中指定生成器类和创建实现IdentifierGenerator接口的生成器类,并给出了相关测试示例。

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1. hibernate的主键生成器:
generator元素:表示了一个主键生成器,它用来为持久化类实例生成唯一的标识 。

目录:
在这里插入图片描述
首先我们需要俩个实体类和实体类对应的xml映射文件
Student实体类:

package com.houyitao.two.entity;

public class Student {
private Integer sid;
private String sname;
public Integer getSid() {
	return sid;
}
public void setSid(Integer sid) {
	this.sid = sid;
}
public String getSname() {
	return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
	this.sname = sname;
}
public Student(Integer sid, String sname) {
	super();
	this.sid = sid;
	this.sname = sname;
}
public Student() {
	super();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
	return "Student [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + "]";
}

}

student.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.houyitao.two.entity.Student" table="t_hibernate_student">
		<id name="sid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="sid">
		<!-- 程序员自己控制 -->
			<!-- <generator class="assigned" /> -->
			
			<!-- 数据库控制 -->
			<!-- <generator class="identity" /> -->
			
		<!-- 	hibernate控制 -->
		<generator class="increment" /> 
		
		
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator> -->
			<!-- <generator class="com.javaxl.two.id.Myts" /> -->
		</id>
		<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String" column="sname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Worker实体类:

package com.houyitao.two.entity;

public class Worker {
private String wid;
private String wname;
public String getWid() {
	return wid;
}
public void setWid(String wid) {
	this.wid = wid;
}
public String getWname() {
	return wname;
}
public void setWname(String wname) {
	this.wname = wname;
}
public Worker(String wid, String wname) {
	super();
	this.wid = wid;
	this.wname = wname;
}
public Worker() {
	super();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
	return "Worker [wid=" + wid + ", wname=" + wname + "]";
}

}

Worker.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.houyitao.two.entity.Worker" table="t_hibernate_worker">
		<id name="wid" type="java.lang.String" column="wid">
			<!-- <generator class="assigned" /> -->
			
			<!-- <generator class="uuid" /> -->
			<generator class="com.houyitao.two.id.MyTsGenerator" />
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator> -->
			<!-- <generator class="com.javaxl.two.id.Myts" /> -->
		</id>

		<property name="wname" type="java.lang.String" column="wname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

然后配置到hibernate.cfg.xml
在这里插入图片描述
SessionFactoryUtils类:

package com.houyitao.two.util;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class SessionFactoryUtils {
	/**
	 * 作用:
	 * 用来检测hibernate中的配置文件的准确性
	 */
	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	static {
		Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
		sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
	}
//	开启Session
	public static Session openSession() {
//		从本地线程中获取session会话,第一次是肯定获取不到的,那么需要重新让sessionFactory创建一个session出来
//		第二次就能够对第一次创建的session反复利用,节约性能
		Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
		if(session == null) {
			session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		}
		return session;
	}
//	关闭Session
	public static void closeSession() {
		Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
		if(session != null && session.isOpen()) {
			session.close();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		System.out.println(session.isConnected());
		SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
		System.out.println(session.isConnected());
	}
}

1.1 程序员自己控制:assigned
Student.hbm.xml:
在这里插入图片描述
测试类:

package com.houyitao.two.dao;



import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.houyitao.two.entity.Student;
import com.houyitao.two.entity.Worker;
import com.houyitao.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
/**
 * hibernate中的主键生成策略
 * 1.人工控制
 * 2.数据库控制
 * 3.hibernate控制
 * 4.自定义主键生成策略
 * @author hou
 *
 */
public class DemoDao {
//	新增学生
public void Studentadd(Student stu) {
	Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
	Transaction beginTransaction = session.beginTransaction();
	session.save(stu);
	beginTransaction.commit();
	session.close();
}
//新增功能
public void Workeradd(Worker worker) {
	Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
	Transaction beginTransaction = session.beginTransaction();
	session.save(worker);
	beginTransaction.commit();
	session.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
	
	DemoDao dao=new DemoDao();
	Student stu=new Student();
	stu.setSname("wupen");
	stu.setSid(70);
	dao.Studentadd(stu);
	
	
	
	
	
//	DemoDao dao=new DemoDao();
//	Worker Worker=new Worker();
//	Worker.setWname("tugou222");
//	
//	dao.Workeradd(Worker);
}

}

结果:
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
1.2 数据库控制: identity(标识列/自动增长) sequence
我们先把id设置为自增长在这里插入图片描述
然后在Student.hbm.xml中设置为数据库控制
在这里插入图片描述

测试:
1.3 hibernate控制:increment uuid/uuid.hex

Student.hbm.xml中设置为hibernate控制

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.houyitao.two.entity.Student" table="t_hibernate_student">
		<id name="sid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="sid">
		<!-- 程序员自己控制 -->
			<!-- <generator class="assigned" /> -->
			
			<!-- 数据库控制 -->
			<!-- <generator class="identity" /> -->
			
		<!-- 	hibernate控制 -->
		<generator class="increment" /> 
		
		
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator> -->
			<!-- <generator class="com.javaxl.two.id.Myts" /> -->
		</id>
		<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String" column="sname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

测试类

package com.houyitao.two.dao;



import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.houyitao.two.entity.Student;
import com.houyitao.two.entity.Worker;
import com.houyitao.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
/**
 * hibernate中的主键生成策略
 * 1.人工控制
 * 2.数据库控制
 * 3.hibernate控制
 * 4.自定义主键生成策略
 * @author hou
 *
 */
public class DemoDao {
//	新增学生
public void Studentadd(Student stu) {
	Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
	Transaction beginTransaction = session.beginTransaction();
	session.save(stu);
	beginTransaction.commit();
	session.close();
}
//新增功能
public void Workeradd(Worker worker) {
	Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
	Transaction beginTransaction = session.beginTransaction();
	session.save(worker);
	beginTransaction.commit();
	session.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
	
	DemoDao dao=new DemoDao();
	Student stu=new Student();
	stu.setSname("wupen");
	stu.setSid(75);
	dao.Studentadd(stu);
	
	
	
	
	
//	DemoDao dao=new DemoDao();
//	Worker Worker=new Worker();
//	Worker.setWname("tugou222");
//	
//	dao.Workeradd(Worker);
}

}

在这里插入图片描述

3. 自定义主键生成器
*3.1 .hbm.xml指定主键生成器类

  <generator class="xxx.MyTsGenerator"/> 

Worker.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.houyitao.two.entity.Worker" table="t_hibernate_worker">
		<id name="wid" type="java.lang.String" column="wid">
			<!-- <generator class="assigned" /> -->
			
			<!-- <generator class="uuid" /> -->
			<!-- 自定义主键 -->
			<generator class="com.houyitao.two.id.MyTsGenerator" />
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator> -->
			<!-- <generator class="com.javaxl.two.id.Myts" /> -->
		</id>

		<property name="wname" type="java.lang.String" column="wname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

3.2 创建主键生成器类
实现org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator接口即可,并还可以实现org.hibernate.id.Configurable接口来读取一些配置信息

package com.houyitao.two.id;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.engine.spi.SharedSessionContractImplementor;
import org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator;

public class MyTsGenerator implements IdentifierGenerator {

	@Override
	public Serializable generate(SharedSessionContractImplementor arg0, Object arg1) throws HibernateException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
		return "book_order_"+sdf.format(new Date());
	}

}

测试:

package com.houyitao.two.dao;



import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.houyitao.two.entity.Student;
import com.houyitao.two.entity.Worker;
import com.houyitao.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
/**
 * hibernate中的主键生成策略
 * 1.人工控制
 * 2.数据库控制
 * 3.hibernate控制
 * 4.自定义主键生成策略
 * @author hou
 *
 */
public class DemoDao {
//	新增学生
public void Studentadd(Student stu) {
	Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
	Transaction beginTransaction = session.beginTransaction();
	session.save(stu);
	beginTransaction.commit();
	session.close();
}
//新增功能
public void Workeradd(Worker worker) {
	Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
	Transaction beginTransaction = session.beginTransaction();
	session.save(worker);
	beginTransaction.commit();
	session.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
	
//	DemoDao dao=new DemoDao();
//	Student stu=new Student();
//	stu.setSname("wupen");
//	stu.setSid(75);
//	dao.Studentadd(stu);
//	
	
	
	
	
	DemoDao dao=new DemoDao();
	Worker Worker=new Worker();
	Worker.setWname("tugou222");
	
	dao.Workeradd(Worker);
}

}

在这里插入图片描述

hibernate控制uuid
Worker.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.houyitao.two.entity.Worker" table="t_hibernate_worker">
		<id name="wid" type="java.lang.String" column="wid">
			<!-- <generator class="assigned" /> -->
			
			<generator class="uuid" />
			<!-- 自定义主键 -->
			<!-- <generator class="com.houyitao.two.id.MyTsGenerator" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator> -->
			<!-- <generator class="com.javaxl.two.id.Myts" /> -->
		</id>

		<property name="wname" type="java.lang.String" column="wname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

测试:

package com.houyitao.two.dao;



import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.houyitao.two.entity.Student;
import com.houyitao.two.entity.Worker;
import com.houyitao.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
/**
 * hibernate中的主键生成策略
 * 1.人工控制
 * 2.数据库控制
 * 3.hibernate控制
 * 4.自定义主键生成策略
 * @author hou
 *
 */
public class DemoDao {
//	新增学生
public void Studentadd(Student stu) {
	Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
	Transaction beginTransaction = session.beginTransaction();
	session.save(stu);
	beginTransaction.commit();
	session.close();
}
//新增功能
public void Workeradd(Worker worker) {
	Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
	Transaction beginTransaction = session.beginTransaction();
	session.save(worker);
	beginTransaction.commit();
	session.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
	
//	DemoDao dao=new DemoDao();
//	Student stu=new Student();
//	stu.setSname("wupen");
//	stu.setSid(75);
//	dao.Studentadd(stu);
//	
	
	
	
	
	DemoDao dao=new DemoDao();
	Worker Worker=new Worker();
	Worker.setWname("tugou");
	
	dao.Workeradd(Worker);
}

}

在这里插入图片描述

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